Animals ; Cell Survival ; Cells, Cultured ; GTP-Binding Proteins ; metabolism ; Isoproterenol ; adverse effects ; Myocytes, Cardiac ; cytology ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Receptors, Adrenergic, beta-2 ; metabolism

Objective To compare efficacy and side effects of intravenous versus oral indomethacin treatment for symptomatic patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) in preterm infants.Methods Fourty-nine preterm infants were reviewed retrospectively who were diagnosed as having symptomatic PDA confirmed by echocardiography.According to the using type and approach that were divided into 2 groups (intravenous group,n=21;oral group,n=28) and their doses and intervals were same.The rates of ductal closure and side effects were compared in 2 groups.Results There were no significantly different between 2 groups in single ductal closure and complicating other diseases. Soon closure of intravenous group was higher significantly than oral group [61.9 %(13/21) vs 28.6 %(8/28),P

BACKGROUND: Paraquat (PQ) is a world-wide used herbicide and also a type of common poison for suicide and accidental poisoning. Numerous studies have proved that the concentration of serum PQ plays an important role in prognosis. Spectrophotometry, including common spectrophotometry and second-derivative spectrophotometry, is commonly used for PQ detection in primary hospitals. So far, lack of systematic research on the reliability of the method and the correlation between clinical features of patients with PQ poisoning and the test results has restricted the clinical use of spectrophotometry. This study aimed to evaluate the reliability and value of spectrophotometry in detecting the concentration of serum PQ. METHODS: The wavelengths for detecting the concentration of serum PQ by common and second-derivative spectrophotometry were determined. Second-derivative spectrophotometry was applied to detect the concentration of serum PQ. The linear range and precision for detection of PQ concentration by this method were confirmed. The concentration of serum PQ shown by second-derivative spectrophotometry and HPLC were compared in 8 patients with PQ poisoning. Altogether 21 patients with acute poisoning 4 hours after PQ ingestion treated in the period of October 2008 to September 2010 were retrospectively reviewed. The patients were divided into higher and lower than 1.8 μg/mL groups based on their concentrations of serum PQ measured by second-derivative spectrophotometry on admission. The severity of clinical manifestations between the two groups were analyzed with Student's t test or Fisher's exact test. RESULTS: The absorption peak of 257 nm could not be found when common spectrophotometry was used to detect the PQ concentration in serum. The calibration curve in the 0.4–8.0 μg/mL range for PQ concentration shown by second-derivative spectrophotometry obeyed Beer's law with r=0.996. The average recovery rates of PQ were within a range of 95.0％ to 99.5％, relative standard deviation (RSD) was within 1.35％ to 5.41％ (n=6), and the lower detection limit was 0.05 μg/mL. The PQ concentrations in serum of 8 patients with PQ poisoning shown by second-derivative spectrophotometry were consistent with the quantitative determinations by HPLC (r=0.995, P<0.0001). The survival rate was 22.2％ in patients whose PQ concentration in serum was more than 1.8 μg/mL, and the incidences of acidosis, oliguria and pneumomediastinum in these patients were 55.6％, 55.6％and 77.8％, respectively. These clinical manifestations were different significantly from those of the patients whose PQ concentration in serum was less than 1.8 μg/mL (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: For common spectrophotometry, the wavelength at 257 nm was not suitable for detecting serum PQ as no absorbance was shown. Second-derivative spectrophotometry was reliable for detecting serum paraquat concentration. Serum PQ concentration detected by second-derivative spectrophotometry could be used to predict the severity of clinical manifestations of patients with PQ poisoning, and PQ content higher than 1.8 μg/mL 4 hours after ingestion could be an important predictive factor for poor prognosis.

OBJECTIVETo follow up the cohort of a certain factory and analyze the death cause of the employees.

METHODSA dynamic cohort was adopted and the study population consisted of all workers stayed at the factory for more than 1 year. The cohort data was mainly from the personnel ministry in the factory,the death data provided by the personnel ministry,the labour union and the hospital. All cause of death of the all employee and the death condition of radiation group and no-radiation group were analyzed and compared.

RESULTSThe mortality of the workers in the factory was significantly lower than national population, the SMR of all cause of death in all employee, radiation group and no-radiation group were 0.41 (95% CI: 0.37-0.45), 0.24, 0.75 respectively; all cancer death in the three group was 0.59, 0.40 and 0.92. But the death order was different in radiation group and no-radiation group,the order of liver cancer was list first in radiation group, which was unlike that of the nation order and the no-radiation order.

CONCLUSIONThere have no excess death in the factory, but the order of liver cancer is precedence.

Cause of Death ; Cohort Studies ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasms, Radiation-Induced ; mortality ; Nuclear Reactors ; Occupational Exposure ; Power Plants ; Prospective Studies ; Workplace

AIMTo investigate the role of overexpression of beta2-adrenoceptor on contraction in cardiac myocytes isolated from failure hearts of rats and primarily analyses its mechanisms.

METHODSPrimarily cultured cardiac myocytes were infected with adenovirus containing the sequence for human beta2-adrenoceptors. The expression of beta2-adrenoceptors was tested by Western blot. The contraction amplitudes induced by isoprenaline stimulation were measured.

RESULTSOverexpression of beta2-adrenoceptor increased the content in failure cardiac myocytes. The contraction amplitudes in failure cardiac myocytes were lower than that in the control (P < 0.01). Overexpression of beta2 adrenoceptor improved the contraction of failure cardiac myocytes (P < 0.01, Failure+ Adv.Beta2 group vs. Failure group). Selective beta2-adrenoceptor antagonist ICI 118,551 partially reversed the effects (P < 0.05, Failure+ Adv.beta2 + ICI group vs Failure + Adv.beta2 group), but the contraction amplitudes in this Failure +/- Adv.beta2 + ICI 118,551 group were still higher than that in only heart failure group (P < 0.05). Selective beta1 adrenoceptor antagonist CGP20712A completely inhibited the effects of overexpression of beta2 adrenoceptor on contraction amplitude in failure cardiac myocytes.

CONCLUSIONOverexpression of beta2-adrenoceptors improves the contraction of cardiac myocytes isolated from failure hearts of rats. The effect is related to beta1-adrenoceptor.

Adenoviridae ; genetics ; Adrenergic beta-Antagonists ; pharmacology ; Animals ; Cells, Cultured ; Heart Failure ; metabolism ; physiopathology ; Humans ; Imidazoles ; pharmacology ; Isoproterenol ; pharmacology ; Male ; Myocardial Contraction ; Myocytes, Cardiac ; metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Receptors, Adrenergic, beta-2 ; genetics ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo explore clinical effects of Ilizarov technique at stage I for repairing tibial post-traumatic osteomyelitis with bone and skin defect.

METHODSFrom June 2010 to December 2013,44 patients with tibial post-traumatic osteomyelitis with bone and skin defect were treated with Ilizarov technique at stage I . Among them, there were 35 males and 9 females aged from 18 to 70 years old with an average of 42.5 years old. Bone defect ranged from 4 to 16 cm, skin defect ranged from 3 cm x 4 cm to 5 cm x 16 cm. The operation was performed debridement thoroughly, removed inflammatory bone section, osteotomy invasively, install circular external fixator by Ilizarow technique; screw nut were rotated at 1 week after operation, and prolonged 0.5 to 1.0 mm everyday. Wound surface, new born callus and bone healing were observed to evaluate clinical effects.

RESULTSAll patients were followed up from 11 to 36 months with an average of 18.5 months. Bone defect after osteotomy was from 6 to 22 cm with an average of 11.5 cm; the time of wound healing time ranged from 21 to 79 d with an average of 38 d; bone defect healing time was from 8 to 15 months with an average of 12.5 months. All patients were cured, no recurrent infection, refracture and shorten of calf deformity were occurred.

CONCLUSIONRepairing tibial post-traumatic osteomyelitis with bone and skin defect by llizarov technique at stage I has advantages of less trauma, low inflammatory recurrence rate, could avoid multiple complex operation, and receive definite curative effect.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Humans ; Ilizarov Technique ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Osteomyelitis ; surgery ; Osteotomy ; Tibia ; surgery

The purpose of this study was to determine the changes of pathogens in hematological ward and susceptibility of patients received chemotherapy to antibiotics. The pathogens were taken from blood, urine and sputum of patients who accepted chemotherapy from years 2001 to 2005, then were isolated and identified. The susceptibility test was performed by disk diffusion method. The results showed that the total of 418 strains were detected. Gram-negative bacteria were the most common of nosocomial infection. Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Enterobacter cloacae, E. coli account for the most of Gram negative- bacteria infection and most resistant to broad-spectrum penicillin, Acinetobacter baumannii showed a trend of increase. The ratios of gram positive bacteria and fungi were increased slowly, mainly as Enterococcus and Candida. Enterococcus is the most common cause of Gram-positive bacterial infection. Vancomycin resistance did not occur. It is concluded that Gram-negative bacteria are main cause of nosocomial infection in patients with hematological malignancies. Gram positive bacteria and fungi had been more frequent. Strains resistant to antimicrobial agents increase.
Cross Infection ; epidemiology ; microbiology ; Drug Resistance, Bacterial ; Gram-Negative Bacteria ; drug effects ; isolation & purification ; Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections ; epidemiology ; microbiology ; Hematologic Diseases ; microbiology ; Hematologic Neoplasms ; microbiology ; Humans ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests

Soxhlet extraction is a common method of sample preparation. However, there has been no discussion about the efficiency of Soxhlet extraction from different batches and the factors that cause content fluctuation. In this study, Panax ginseng was selected as a model sample. Soxhlet extraction by means of a water bath, which has always been neglected, was identified as a novel key factor in the poor repeat-ability in different batches of Soxhlet extraction, as it can affect the siphon times and reflux time, which have been positively correlated with the ginsenoside contents. By substituting round bottom flasks in the same column, the relative standard deviation of the most fluctuated compound, ginsenoside Rb1, was decreased from 24.6% to 5.02%. Scanning electron microscopy analysis confirmed that the breakdown of the surface of the ginseng powder in the Soxhlet extraction led to a better dissolution of ginsenosides, indicating that chloroform may promote the extraction of ginsenosides by disrupting the cell structure. Moreover, 70% methanol was regarded as the better solvent for extracting the ginsenosides. Overall, this work offers a practical and effective protocol for improving the accuracy and repeatability of Soxhlet extraction methodology for ginsenosides and other analytes.

OBJECTIVETo study the single nucleotide polymorphisms in genes associated with the high density lipoprotein (HDL) metabolism in Chinese population.

METHODSTwo hundred and nine normal Han ethnic subjects, aged 59+/-10 years, were recruited from 5 medical centers in western part of China. DNA was extracted by proteinase K digestion, phenol and chloroform extraction as well as isopropanol precipitation. The polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLP) in conjunction with sequencing were employed to test the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in ATP-binding cassette transporter (ABCA1), cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) and lipoprotein lipase (LPL) genes.

RESULTSThe allelic frequencies of A and G of ABCA1 gene are 53.4% and 46.6%; of B2 and B1 allele of CETP, 41.0% and 59.0%; of HindIII (-) and (+) allele of LPL, 18.9% and 81.1%; and of PvuII(+) and (-) allele of LPL, 66.0% and 34.0%, respectively. All genotype frequencies fit well with the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium; the significant linkage disequilibrium exists between LPL HindIII(+)and PvuII(+) polymorphisms. All of the RFLP in these genes result from the single nucleic substitution in fragment recognized by corresponding restriction enzymes.

CONCLUSIONThe genetic polymorphisms of ABCA1, LPL-HindIII and LPL-PvuII in Chinese Han ethnic population are significantly different from Caucasians residing in USA or Europe.

ATP Binding Cassette Transporter 1 ; ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters ; genetics ; Aged ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; genetics ; Base Sequence ; China ; Cholesterol Ester Transfer Proteins ; genetics ; Female ; Gene Frequency ; Genotype ; Humans ; Linkage Disequilibrium ; Lipoprotein Lipase ; genetics ; Lipoproteins, HDL ; metabolism ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; Sequence Analysis, DNA

BACKGROUNDFamitinib is a novel and potent multitargeting receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor. The phase I clinical study showed that famitinib was well tolerated and had a broad anti-tumor spectrum. The purpose of this study was to examine the efficacy and safety of famitinib for the treatment of metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC).

METHODSThe data of famitinib in treating patients with mRCC from the single-center phases I and II clinical trials were analyzed. Famitinib was administered orally at the dose of 13-30 mg once daily until tumor progression, occurrence of intolerable adverse reactions or withdrawal of the informed consent.

RESULTSA total of 24 patients with mRCC were treated including 17 patients at a dose of 25 mg once daily, 4 patients at a dose of 27 mg and 1 patient each at a dose of 13 mg, 20 mg and 30 mg, respectively. Twelve (50.0%) patients achieved partial response (PR) and 9 patients achieved stable disease (SD). Progressive disease was found in 3 (12.5%) patients. The disease control rate was 87.5%. The median follow-up time was 17.6 months; the median progression free survival (PFS) was 10.7 (95% CI 7.0-14.4) months; and the estimated median overall survival (OS) time was 33.0 (95% CI 8.7-57.3) months. The adverse drug reactions mainly included hypertension (54.1%), hand-foot skin reactions (45.8%), diarrhea (33.3%), mucositis (29.2%), neutropenia (45.8%), thrombocytopenia (29.2%), hyperlipidemia (41.7%) and proteinuria (41.7%). The incidence rate of grades 3 and 4 adverse events was low, mainly including hypertension 12.5%, hand-foot skin reactions 4.2%, neutropenia 4.2%, thrombocytopenia 4.2%, hyperlipidemia 4.2% and proteinuria 12.5%.

CONCLUSIONSFamitinib has significant anti-tumor activity in mRCC. The common adverse reactions are generally manageable.

Adult ; Aged ; Carcinoma, Renal Cell ; drug therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Indoles ; adverse effects ; therapeutic use ; Kidney Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; Male ; Protein Kinase Inhibitors ; Pyrroles ; adverse effects ; therapeutic use ; Retrospective Studies ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult