Objective To analyze catheter-related bloodstream infections due to Rhizobium radiation (R.radiobacter) in pediatric patients.Methods Clinical data of 1 014 pediatric patients with intravascular catheterization were collected from February 2012 to February 2014,including age,length of time a catheter remained in place,laboratory findings and outcome of R.radiobacter bloodstream infection in order to explore the factors for R.radiobacter infection.Results There were 26 children contracting R.radiobacter bloodstream infection children,and of them,21 were under 2 years old (80.77％),and the length of time for catheter dwelt in vessel longer than 5 days in 20 children (76.92％).There were significant differences in age under 2 years old,length of time longer than 5 days for catheter remained in place,CD4 and CD4/ CD8 between 26 children with R.radiobacter infection and uninfected children (P ＜ 0.01).The re-infection with different varieties of bacterial strains was found in 12 of all R.radiobacter infection children (46.15％) after treatment,and of them,R.radiobacter bloodstream infection was detected twice in 2 children,and 2 died (7.69％).Conclusions Age under 2 years old,the length of time for intra-vascular catheter remained in place longer than 5 days,and weakened immunity are the important risk factors of R.radiobacter bloodstream infection,and the improper medical care may be the cause of re-infections in pediatric patients with prolonged intra-vascular catheter-dwelling.

Objective To study the mechanisms of Curcumin-induced apoptosis on human gastric cancer cell line SGC-7901.Methods SC,C-7901 cells were treated with various concentrations of Curcumin and the growth inhibition rates of it were accessed by MTT method.Apoptosis of gastric cancer cells were in- spected by flow cytometry.The expression of Fas and survivin in gastric cancer cells were evaluated by west- ern blot.Results Curcumin could effectively inhibit the growth of gastric cancer cells in dose-dependent and time-dependent manners,the sub-peak appeared and the apoptotic rate was increased.The expressions of Fas was higher in Western blot,meanwhile,the expressions of survivin was decreased.Conclusion Curcumin could significantly inhibit the growth and induce apoptosis of gastric cancer cells(SGC-7901),Curcumin could probably through up-regulating Fas and down-regulating surviving to induce apoptosis.

AIMTo study the role of NO in the midbrain periaqueductal gray (PAG) in the development of stress-induced hypertension (SIH).

METHODSThe model of stress-induced hypertension (SIH) rat was established by electric-foot in company with noise, NADPH-d histochemistry technique was used to investigate the change of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) positive neurons. Selecting and using microinjection and radioimmunoassay, we studied the effects of blood pressure and the content of Ach in rostral ventrolateral medulla (RVLM) after microinjection of L-NNA into PAG.

RESULTS(1) The blood pressure increased, the cell number decreased and the grey degree value increased for the NOS positive neurons of PAG dorsolateral subdivision in SIH rats, and the content of Ach increased in RVLM. (2) Following microinjection of 100 mmol/L 0.1 microl L-NNA into PAG, the mean arterial pressure (MAP) and the content of Ach in RVLM increased in control rats, whereas the change of MAP was significantly smaller in SIH rats than control.

CONCLUSIONThe plastic change of NOS positive neurons of PAG in SIH rats may be involved in the development of SIH, which may be mediated by Ach in RVLM.

Animals ; Blood Pressure ; Hypertension ; etiology ; metabolism ; physiopathology ; Male ; Neurons ; metabolism ; Nitric Oxide ; metabolism ; Nitric Oxide Synthase ; metabolism ; Periaqueductal Gray ; metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Stress, Psychological

In this paper, we summarize the major problems existing in establishing gastric cancer patient-derived xenograft ( PDX) models and its solutions, and introduce its advantages on screening targeted drugs. As many previous re?search emphasized on individual characteristics too much, we argue that we should pay more attention to the generality of what we are studying in order to analyze the genotype of PDX models before taking a targeted therapy.

The vitamin K epoxide reductase complex subunit 1 (VKORC1), the rate-limiting enzyme for vitamin K recycling, is significantly down-regulated in the kidneys of urolithiasis patients. This study searched for direct evidence to define the inhibitory activity of VKORC1 against calcium oxalate (CaOx) crystal formation. In the experiment of VKORC1 overexpression, HK-2 cells were transfected with the pFLAG-CMV-7.1-VKORC1 plasmid as a pFLAG-CMV-7.1-VKORC1 transfection group or the pFLAG-CMV-7.1 plasmid as a pFLAG-CMV-7.1 control group. In the experiment of VKORC1 knockdown, HK-2 cells were transfected with the PGPU6/GFP/Neo-VKORC1shRNA-2 as a PGPU6/GFP/Neo-VKORC1shRNA-2 transfection group or the PGPU6/GFP/Neo-shRNA-NC plasmid as a PGPU6/GFP/Neo-shRNA-NC control group. The expression of VKORC1 in HK-2 cells was detected by real-time quantitative PCR and Western blotting. The CaOx crystal formation was observed under the laser-scanning confocal microscope. It was found that the expression levels of VKORC1 mRNA and protein were significantly higher in the pFLAG-CMV-7.1-VKORC1 transfection group than in the pFLAG-CMV-7.1 control group (P<0.01). The number of CaOx crystals in HK-2 cells incubated in fluorescently labeled CaOx monohydrate (COM) crystal medium for 48 h was 14±4 per field (100×) in the pFLAG-CMV-7.1-VKORC1 transfection group and 26±5 per field (100×) in the pFLAG-CMV-7.1 control group respectively under the laser-scanning confocal microscope. The amount of CaOx crystal aggregation and formation in the pFLAG-CMV-7.1-VKORC1 transfection group was significantly reduced as compared with the pFLAG-CMV-7.1 control group (P<0.05). The expression levels of VKORC1 mRNA and protein were significantly lower in the PGPU6/GFP/Neo-VKORC1shRNA-2 transfection group than in the PGPU6/GFP/Neo-shRNA-NC control group (P<0.05). The number of CaOx crystals in HK-2 cells incubated in fluorescently labeled COM crystal medium was 65±11 per field (100×) in the PGPU6/GFP/Neo-VKORC1shRNA-2 transfection group and 24±6 per field (100×) in the PGPU6/GFP/Neo-shRNA-NC control group respectively under the laser-scanning confocal microscope. The amount of CaOx crystal aggregation and formation in the PGPU6/GFP/Neo-VKORC1shRNA-2 transfection group was significantly increased as compared with the PGPU6/GFP/Neo-shRNA-NC control group (P<0.05). These findings suggested that the VKORC1 protein could inhibit CaOx salt crystallization, adhesion and aggregation. This research would help us to understand the mechanisms involving the interaction between crystallization and epithelial cells and the formation of CaOx.

AIMTo study the chemical constituents of Caragana intermedia.

METHODSThe compounds were separated by chromatography methods, their structures were identified by spectral analysis.

RESULTSTen compounds were isolated and identified as 5,7,4'-trihydroxy-3,3'-dimethoxyflavone (1), 3,5,7,8,4'-pentahydroxy-3'-methoxyflavone(2), puercetin(3), limocitrin(4), 5,7,3',4'-tetrahydroxy-3-methoxyflavone(5), 7,3',5'-trihydroxyflavanone(6), 5,7,3',4'-tetrahydroxy-3,8-dimethoxyflavone(7), butein(8), liquiritigenin(9) and 5,7,4'-trihydroxy-3,8-dimethoxyflavone(10).

CONCLUSIONCompound 6 is a new compound and the others were obtained from this plant for the first time.

Caragana ; chemistry ; Chalcone ; analogs & derivatives ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Chalcones ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Flavanones ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Flavonoids ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Molecular Structure ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Quercetin ; chemistry ; isolation & purification

OBJECTIVETo investigate the balance function of the patients with unilateral vestibular hypofunction (UVH) by timed balance tests and static posturography (SPG).

METHODSSixty-five subjects with UVH and 92 healthy subjects were taken the timed balance tests under differential stance including (1) standard Romberg test, (2) feet apart stance test, (3) tandem and (4) unilateral standing tests with eyes open and eyes closed. The average timing that subjects kept balance before falling in each standing conditions was recorded by stopwatch as the timed result. The body sway velocity during the test (1) and (2) were also recorded by the SPG.

RESULTSThe timed results of the tandem and unilateral standing with eyes open and eyes closed in the UVH group were decreased (P < 0.001) compared with the control group. The body sway velocity of the standard Romberg test and foot apart stance with eyes open was not different between the UVH group and control group (P-value was 0.118 and 0.110 for the two tests respectively), and the difference was significant in the eyes closed condition (P < 0.001). For the two groups, the body sway velocity of foot apart standing was decreased than that of the standard Romberg test with eyes open and eyes closed (P < 0.05 or P < 0.001). Significant correlations were not found between the timed results and sway velocity results in both two groups respectively (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSAccording to clinical assessment of balance function in UVH, the tandem and unilateral stance test could provide the additional information about the upright stance to the SPG measurement. The effect of foot position on the results of SPG should been considered in clinic.

Adult ; Case-Control Studies ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neurologic Examination ; Postural Balance ; Vestibular Diseases ; physiopathology

ObjectiveTo probe the indication,treatment algorithm,anesthesia method,safety and efficacy ofextracorporealshockwavelithotripsy(ESWL)incombinationwithendoscopicretrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) for pancreatic duct stones.MethodsThe patients with chronic pancreatitis and large pancreatic duct stones ( ＞ 5 mm diameter) and receiving ESWL and ERCP between March and July 2011 in Changhai Hospital were prospective studied.The third generation of extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy was applied in ESWL,and the localization of stone was determined by X-ray.No more than 5000 shocks were given per session,and ESWL was performed continuously till the calculi were fragmented,and then was cleared by ERCP.ResultsA total of 100 patients underwent ESWL during the 5 months,among whom 84 patients received ERCP treatment and 41 cases failed to deep cannulation (41/84,48.8％ ).Multiple stones were seen in 83 patients.Ninety five patients had radio-opaque stones,two patients had radiolucent calculi,while three patients had both radio-opaque and radiolucent stones.Seventy five percent,14％ and 11％ stones were located in pancreatic head,pancreatic head and body,pancreatic body and tail,respectively.A total of 175 ESWL procedures were performed,43 patients needed 2 or more sessions for successful fragmentation.Anesthesia method was mainly intravenous sedation,accounting for 96％ (168/175).ERCP was successful in 96 patients after ESWL,only 4 patients failed after ESWL. Forty one cases which failed ERCP procedures before ESWL underwent ERCP,and 37 patients (90.2％) achieved successful cannulation.Successful fragmentation ratewas 100％.Complete clearance was achieved in 78 patients,and complication rate of post-ERCP pancreatitis,fever was 1.71％ (n =3 ),0.57％ (n =1 ),and the overall complication rate was 2.28％.Conclusions ESWL is an effective,safe and necessary modality for fragmentation of large PD stones in the management of minimal invasive treatment of chronic pancreatitis.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the differences in level of common knowledge toward common psychiatric disorders and means of therapy in general population, resulting from different education levels and living areas.

METHODSAll 4,614 persons over 15 years of age recruited from general population in Zhejiang Province via stratified randomly sampling, were classified by education levels as illiteracy, primary school level, high school level, and college level. Each group was thus divided into two categories according to the person's living areas, ie urban and rural area. The level of common knowledge about psychosis and means of therapy were measured by a questionnaire administered to all subjects.

RESULTSThe rate of knowledge of neurasthenic was the highest, reaching to 71.1%, then of knowledge of schizophrenia and depression, was 47.9% and 39.3% respectively, and the rate of knowledge of alcohol dependence, mania and obsessive-compulsive disorder was lower than 20%. The rate of knowledge of the 6 common psychiatric disorders was higher in people from urban area, than from rural areas. The rate of knowledge of common psychiatric disorders was increased correspondingly to the increase of the education level among the people residing at the same living area. The main means of therapy the people selected was western medicine and psychology, reaching at 24.0% and 34.8% respectively. There were significant differences among the people with different education levels but from the same living areas, and the people with lower education levels were likely to choose the therapy of western medicine, on the other hand, the people with higher education levels were tending to choose the therapy of psychology.

CONCLUSIONThe popularization of the knowledge and the education about mental health should be reinforced, as to improving the knowledge about mental health, choosing a correct means of therapy to the common psychiatric disorders and promoting the mental health status of the population.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; China ; epidemiology ; Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders ; Educational Status ; Female ; Humans ; Knowledge ; Male ; Medically Underserved Area ; Mental Disorders ; epidemiology ; psychology ; Middle Aged ; Patient Acceptance of Health Care ; psychology ; statistics & numerical data ; Rural Population ; statistics & numerical data ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Urban Population ; statistics & numerical data ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo study the safety and efficacy of three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy in combination with temozolomide in treatment of patients with diffuse brainstem glioma.

METHODSTwelve patients with MRI-confirmed diffuse brainstem glioma received 54 Gy three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy for 6 weeks with 1.8 Gy per fraction, 5 times per week. All of the patients were given daily oral temozolomide 75 mg/m(2) during radiotherapy. Four weeks after radiotherapy, all of the patients received 6 cycles of temozolomide, each cycle lasted 5 days with 28 days interval between each two cycles. 150 mg/m(2) of temozolomide was given for the first cycle for five days, followed by 200 mg/m(2) of the drug for the rest of the cycles if no significant drug-related toxicities were observed. Magnetic resonance imaging and laboratory tests were performed to evaluate the efficacy and adverse reactions.

RESULTSIn the 12 patients, CR was 1 case (8.3%), PR 6 cases (50.0%), SD 2 cases (16.7%), and PD 3 cases (25.0%). The overall clinical benefit rate was 75.0%. Progression-free survival rate was 75.0% (9/12) at 6 months and 50.0% (6/12) at 1 year. The one-year overall survival rate was 75.0%. There were no severe temozolomide-related toxicities.

CONCLUSIONSConcurrent temozolomide with three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy and followed by 6 cycles of temozolomide chemotherapy for diffuse brainstem gliomas have a better clinical efficacy, good tolerance and with no severe toxicities.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Antineoplastic Agents, Alkylating ; adverse effects ; therapeutic use ; Brain Injuries ; etiology ; Brain Stem Neoplasms ; pathology ; therapy ; Chemoradiotherapy ; Child ; Dacarbazine ; adverse effects ; analogs & derivatives ; therapeutic use ; Disease-Free Survival ; Female ; Glioma ; pathology ; therapy ; Humans ; Leukopenia ; chemically induced ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Radiation Injuries ; etiology ; Radiotherapy, Conformal ; adverse effects ; methods ; Remission Induction ; Survival Rate ; Young Adult