Objective To explore the relationship of c-fos protein and cell apoptosis by observing the expression of c-fos protein in hippocampus of newborn rat with hypoxic-ischemic brain damage(HIBD).Methods Forty-eight 7-day SD neonatal rats were randomly divided into control group(n=6) and experiment group(n=42).The models of HIBD were established in neonatal rats by inhaling the mixed gases of 920 mL/L N2 and 80 mL/L O2,and the animals were sacrificed by dislocation their heads at different time points(0.5,1,3,6,12,24,48,72 h),then the hippocampus were dissected by morphological analysis.Results The apoptotic cells appeared at the time point of 3 h,and reached the peak at 48 h,then decreased.The positive cell of c-fos protein increased from the time point of 30 min and reached the peak at 2 h and then decreased gradually,and there was a contrary tendency between the expression of c-fos protein and the number of damaged brain cells by HIBD(r=-0.57 P

AIMTo prepare amylopectin anchored dipyridamole (DIP) liposome and to study its tissue distribution in mice.

METHODSThe regular DIP liposomes were prepared by film-scatter method. The amphiphilic O-palmitoyl amylopectin was synthesized and added to modify the surface of liposome. The entrapping efficiency, zeta potential, mean diameter, span of modified and regular liposomes were assayed. The RP-HPLC was used for the determination of DIP concentration in mice tissue.

RESULTSAfter modification, the entrapping efficiency depressed, zeta potential was raised, mean diameter and span had no obvious change. The level of DIP in lung, liver and spleen for regular liposomes were higher than that of injections. Compared with regular liposomes, the modified liposomes increased the DIP level in lung, and decreased the DIP level in liver, spleen, moreover, lengthened the retention time of DIP in lung.

CONCLUSIONThe distribution of modified liposome in mice was markedly changed as compared with regular liposomes and injections. The modified liposomes had obvious lung targeting property.

Amylopectin ; analogs & derivatives ; chemistry ; Animals ; Area Under Curve ; Dipyridamole ; administration & dosage ; chemistry ; pharmacokinetics ; Drug Delivery Systems ; Liposomes ; Lung ; metabolism ; Male ; Mice ; Palmitates ; chemistry ; Particle Size ; Tissue Distribution

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Antibodies, Monoclonal ; metabolism ; Antigens, Neoplasm ; immunology ; metabolism ; Biomarkers, Tumor ; metabolism ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; diagnosis ; metabolism ; pathology ; Cell Cycle Proteins ; immunology ; metabolism ; Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia ; diagnosis ; metabolism ; pathology ; Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p16 ; metabolism ; DNA Topoisomerases, Type II ; immunology ; metabolism ; DNA-Binding Proteins ; immunology ; metabolism ; Female ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Ki-67 Antigen ; metabolism ; Middle Aged ; Minichromosome Maintenance Complex Component 2 ; Nuclear Proteins ; immunology ; metabolism ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; metabolism ; pathology ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVE: Rising from a sitting position is a very common, yet essential activity in daily life. The activity to perform the sit-to-stand (STS) transfer is a prerequisite for upright mobility. This study aims to provide fundamental data concerning the execution of the STS, and in particularly the followings: 1) how do the angles of the lower limbs change throughout the process of rising from a chair; 2) how much motion torque and power in each joint are required per kilogram of body weight to complete the STS transfer? METHOD: Twenty-one children who have developed normally and could understand the command requested are involved as subjects. Their age ranged from 3 to 5 years old. Motion analysis of STS transfer were assessed with the Vicon 370 M.A (Oxford Metrics Limited, United Kingdom). The changes in joint angle, maximal moment and power in lower limb were calculated throughout the STS transfer. RESULTS: A series of transition points was observed in the angles of the hip, knee and ankle joints throughout the sit-to-stand movements, which was classified into five stages. The first stage is trunk and hip flexion phase; second stage, buttock take-off; third stage, ankle dorsiflexion and knee extension; forth stage, just-standing; fifth stage, stabilizing phase. The extension moment of each joint is 0.65 Nm/kg on right, 0.71 Nm/kg on left in hip, 0.41 Nm/kg on right, 0.38 Nm/kg on left in knee and 0.21 Nm/kg on right, 0.22 Nm/kg on left in ankle joint. The extension power is 0.60 watt/kg on right, 0.68 watt/kg on left in hip, 0.59 watt/kg on right, 0.50 watt/kg on left in knee and 0.15 watt/kg on right, 0.15 watt/kg on left in ankle joint. CONCLUSION: A consistent pattern was observed throughout the sit-to-stand transfer and six transition points were observed in the angles of the hip, knee and ankle joints throughout the STS transfer. By these 6 points, the movement of the STS transfer was classified into 5 stages. Major changes in angle, moment, and power of each joint were observed in sagittal plane. There were no side to side difference during the STS transfer.
Ankle ; Ankle Joint ; Body Weight ; Buttocks ; Child* ; Child, Preschool ; Hip ; Humans ; Joints ; Knee ; Lower Extremity ; Torque

OBJECTIVEBy measuring airflow and ventilation distribution of ward building, to explore and verify the hypothesis of airborne transmission and risk factor of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) nosocomial infection.

METHODSTracer gas (perfume of plant oil) was emitted to the bathroom of wards when SARS index patient lived. Six different experimental situations were designed to control the status of exhaust fan in bathrooms, exhaust fan in the top of building and fresh air exchange system. The concentration of perfume was separately measured by 4 groups of lab workers and recorded blindly by the scores of "tenth degree".

RESULTSTracer gas was detected from the wards of 8th to 13th floor.

CONCLUSIONArchitecture and ventilation system of the inpatient building in the hospital contributed to the aerodynamic condition of SARS nosocomial infection through airborne transmission. The distribution of tracer gas in the wards was associated with SARS patients in this building. It was possible that SARS could have been transmitted to for distance by aerosol or other carriers.

Air Microbiology ; China ; Cross Infection ; etiology ; Hospitals ; Humans ; SARS Virus ; isolation & purification ; Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ; transmission ; Ventilation

PURPOSE:To investigate whether airway eosinophilic degranulation develops in Mycoplasma pneumonia (M. pneumonia), and to elucidate the association between M. pneumonia and asthma. METHODS:Forty patients with M. pneumonia, 20 stable asthma patients (stable asthma) and 20 normal controls were recruited from October 2005 to February 2007. In the M. pneumonia, blood and induced sputum sampling were collected at admission (acute stage) and 6 to 8 weeks later (convalescent stage). Eosinophil-derived neurotoxin (EDN) and eosinophil cationic protein (ECP) levels in sputum and serum were measured in all 3 groups. RESULTS:Serum levels of EDN and ECP in the acute stage of M. pneumonia were comparable to those in the stable asthma group. However, in the convalescent stage of M. pneumonia, EDN and ECP levels were significantly lower than in the stable asthma (P<0.01 and P<0.05, respectively). Sputum levels of EDN and ECP levels in the acute stage of M. pneumonia were comparable to those in the stable asthma. Sputum EDN levels in the convalescent stage of M. pneumonia were significantly lower than those in the stable asthma (P<0.05), and sputum ECP levels were lower than those in the stable asthma, which was not statistically significant. CONCLUSION:Eosinophilic degranulation may play an important role in the pathogenesis of M. pneumonia, which suggests the association between M. pneumonia and asthma.
Asthma ; Eosinophil Cationic Protein ; Eosinophil-Derived Neurotoxin ; Eosinophils ; Humans ; Inflammation ; Mycoplasma ; Pneumonia ; Pneumonia, Mycoplasma ; Sputum

PURPOSE: To determine the CT findings which distinguish consolidation-type bronchioloalveolar carcinoma fromnecrotizing pneumonia. MATERIALS AND METHOD: This study involved ten patients with pathologically-provenconsolidation-type bronchioloalveolar carcinoma and 34 with necrotizing pneumonia proven pathologically either inthe laboratory or clinically. We retrospectively analyzed CT features including the enhancement pattern ofconsolidated lung, the presence and internal density of cavity within consolidated lung, CT angiogram sign,air-bronchogram, pleural enhancement, pleural effusion, and change in extrapleural tissue and its density. RESULT: CT findings in patients with necrotizing pneumonia showed higher attenuation in marginal (94.1%) and inner(85.3%) portions in consolidated lung than in muscles (p<0.005); the presence of cavity (91.2%, p<0.05) ; cavitywith fluid or air-fluid level (77.4%, p<0.005); pleural enhancement (88.2%, p<0.00003) ; pleural effusion (33.3%,p<0.05); and change in extrapleural tissue (64.7%, p<0.05). CT findings in patients with consolidation-typebronchioloalveolar carcinoma showed lower attenuation in marginal (90.0%) and inner (60.0%) portions ofconsolidated lung than muscles (p<0.005) and of cavity containing air (100%; p<0.005). However, air-bronchogramand CT angiogram signs were not helpful in differentiating the two groups. CONCLUSION: CT can help differentiateconsolidation-type bronchioloalveolar carcinoma and necrotizing pneumonia.
Adenocarcinoma, Bronchiolo-Alveolar* ; Diagnosis, Differential* ; Humans ; Lung ; Muscles ; Pleural Effusion ; Pneumonia* ; Retrospective Studies

Two quadruplex PCR reactions were designed for 7 tetrameric (D3S2406, D4S2368, D5S818, D7S821, D9S925, D13S317, D19S253) and one trimeric (D6S1043) short tandem repeats loci to study the allele frequency and the applicability of genetic variation in these loci in forensic case works. For 310 unrelated Koreans DNA was isolated from peripheral blood using phenol/chloroform method. Quadruplex I was consisted of D4S2368, D6S1043, D7S821, D9S925 and quadruplex II D3S2406, D5S818, D13S317, D19S253. The amplified products were analyzed by 5%polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis followed by silver staining. The heterozygosity in each loci ranged 92.91-66.13%, and PD(Power of Discrimination) was above 0.85 in each loci. Every loci except D6S1043 followed hardy-Weinberg expectation. The cumulative PI was low as 1.65x10-10. Two mutations were noted, one in D19S253 and the other in D9S925 among 234 gametes. With these results above eight STR loci studied here proved to be highly polymorphic enough to be used in forensic field. This study provides valuable population data in these loci for Korean.
DNA ; Electrophoresis ; Gene Frequency ; Genetic Variation ; Germ Cells ; Microsatellite Repeats ; Polymerase Chain Reaction* ; Silver Staining

Two quadruplex PCR reactions were designed for 7 tetrameric (D3S2406, D4S2368, D5S818, D7S821, D9S925, D13S317, D19S253) and one trimeric (D6S1043) short tandem repeats loci to study the allele frequency and the applicability of genetic variation in these loci in forensic case works. For 310 unrelated Koreans DNA was isolated from peripheral blood using phenol/chloroform method. Quadruplex I was consisted of D4S2368, D6S1043, D7S821, D9S925 and quadruplex II D3S2406, D5S818, D13S317, D19S253. The amplified products were analyzed by 5%polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis followed by silver staining. The heterozygosity in each loci ranged 92.91-66.13%, and PD(Power of Discrimination) was above 0.85 in each loci. Every loci except D6S1043 followed hardy-Weinberg expectation. The cumulative PI was low as 1.65x10-10. Two mutations were noted, one in D19S253 and the other in D9S925 among 234 gametes. With these results above eight STR loci studied here proved to be highly polymorphic enough to be used in forensic field. This study provides valuable population data in these loci for Korean.
DNA ; Electrophoresis ; Gene Frequency ; Genetic Variation ; Germ Cells ; Microsatellite Repeats ; Polymerase Chain Reaction* ; Silver Staining

Glomus tumor is a benign tumor, which is believed to represent hyperplasia or harmatomatous development of the glomus body. It is relatively rare in the head and neck region, especially in the nasal cavity. Up to now, only about twenty cases of glomus tumor in the nasal cavity have been reported. We report a case of glomus tumor originating from the anterior portion of nasal septum, which was treated by local excision.
Glomus Tumor ; Head ; Hyperplasia ; Nasal Cavity ; Nasal Septum ; Neck