Objective To evaluate the clinical features and treatment outcomes of ocular posteriorsegment syphilis.Methods The clinical data of 24 patients with active ocular syphilis wereretrospectively reviewed.The diagnosis was made first in eye clinic,and verified by treponema pallidumparticle agglutination(TPPA)and rapid plasma reagin(RPR).The patients,17 males and 7 females,aged from 30 to 63 years with an average of 47.6 years.The duration of symptoms ranged from 3 days to2 years with an average of 5.8 months(≤1 month,7 cases;1-3 month,5 cases;3-6 months,5 cases;>6 months,7 cases).There were 18 bilateral cases and 6 unilateral cases.The result of humanimmunodeficiency virus(HIV)test was negative for all cases.Twenty-three patients received systemicpenicillin therapy and 1 patient was treated with oral erythromycin due to penicillin allergy.Beforetreatment,the mean visual acuity was 0.17±0.1 9,the mean titer of RPR was 1:84.The follow-up periodwas half a year.Results The major ocular manifestations included bilateral(16 cases)or unilateral(1case)chorioretinitis,unilateral retinal vasculitis(2 cases),unilateral neuroretinitis(2 cases),andbilateral(2 cases)or unilateral(1 case)optic neuritis.The mean follow-up visual acuity was 0.60±0.29,the mean follow-up titer of RPR was 1:18.8.Some patients had got the diagnosis and prompt treatment atthe early stage of the disease and their visual acuity recoveried very well.Conclusions The majormanifestion of ocular posterior segment syphilis is chorioretinitis.It is important tO consider the possibilityof syphilis when patients have inflammation of posterior segment.Prompt serology examination andpenicillin treatment are the keys to cure ocular syphilis.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Colic ; chemically induced ; nursing ; Female ; Humans ; Lead Poisoning ; nursing ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Young Adult

An in-depth analysis of the problems found in the hierarchical medical system,found that the research hospitals should focus on the conceptions of Big Times and Big Health,initiative the task to undertake Strong grass-roots,and actively build leading model of hierarchical medical system based on the PDCA cycle.At the same time,taking the practice of the 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University as an example,we propose the research hospitals should strengthen service capabilities in primary health care institutions from talent,technology,management and other aspects, so as to enhance the patient's willingness to visit the grassroots,and to promote the further deepening of our medical reformation.

Micro-ribonucleic acids (miRNAs) are endogenous single-stranded small non-coding RNAs. miRNAs bind to a com-plementary site in the 3' untranslated region of their target mRNAs through canonical base pairing, which can direct the degradation or translational repression of these transcripts. Thus, miRNAs can effectively silence the protein expression of target genes post-transcrip-tionally. miRNAs may also regulate the expression of oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes and could be involved in almost all known hallmarks of cancinogenesis. In this paper, we discuss the following in detail:(1) biogenesis and main functions of cellular miR-NAs, (2) stability and detectability of exosomal miRNAs in biological fluids;and (3) feasibility of miRNAs as a potential new class of biomarkers derived from urinary exosome in the malignancy of urinary system. Finally, we summarize studies on urinary exosomal miRNAs as potential biomarkers of prostate, bladder, and kidney cancers.

Objective To evaluate endovascular aortic repair for retrograde Stanford type A aortic dissection with an entry tear in the descending aorta.Methods From April 2006 to Dec 2012,31 patients with retrograde type A aortic dissection were treated with endovascular technique.22 patients had pleural effusion,14 patients had patent false lumen in the ascending aorta.Emergency operation was performed in 2 patients with acute right renal artery and right common iliac artery ischemia respectively.29 patients received endovascular treatment after 3 weeks conservative treatment.Chimney technique was used in 3 patients.Results All procedures were technically successful without severe complications.Ascending aorta recovered 1-3 months after operation.Pleural effusion subsided 3 days to 3 weeks after endovascular treatment.During follow-up of (31 ± 18) months,no severe complications developed,all the stent-grafts placed by chimney technique were patent.Conclusions Endovascular aortic repair can be used in the treatment of retrograde Stanford type A aortic dissection.Chimney technique can be used to reconstruct supra-aortic branches.

The lymphatic vessel is one of the earliest routes for systemic neoplastic metastasis. But reports on research of the lymphatic vessel have been few compared to the study for tumor vessels. In the past few years,along with advances in understanding about the construction features of the lymphatic system,work has been done to determine the anatomic fundamentals of lymphatic metastasis. Many new specifi c markers of the lymphatic endothelium had been reported, which is useful to differentiate lymphatic vessels from capillary vessels. The lymphatic vessels are usually found in the animal tumor models, human tumors and peritumoral tissues. Furthermore, the molecular mechanism of lymph-angiogenesis has been discovered, which provide effective targets for anti-lymphatic metastasis of malignant tumors, make optimization of individualized treatment strategy possible to restrain lymph-angiogenesis of malignant tumors and so it could benefi t in improving patients' prognosis and survival.

CD8+ T cells play an essential role in defending against viruses,intracellular bacteria,protozoal infections and clearance of tumors since almost all the nucleated cells express MHCⅠ molecule.Following antigen recognition,CD8+ T cells are activated and differentiated to different subsets of effector or memory cells,which could clear the pathogen and form long-term protection.Phenotypic markers,functional properties and anatomical locations are different among these CD8+ T cell subsets.They also show variation in surviving time,proliferation and effector functions when re-challenged with the pathogen or tumor.Multiple signaling pathways and transcriptional factors are involved in CD8+ T cells activation and differentiation,and will be discussed in this review.We will also briefly summary the clinical applications of T cells against tumor or pathogens.

We studied the protective effects of redix salviae miltiorrhizae (RSM) on the ischemic and post-ischemic reperfusion injury which was made by ligating and reopening of the left ventricular branch of the coronary artery of the open-chest anaethetised rabbits under the supervision of ECG. There were 14 rabbits in each group, 7 of them for the measurement of myocardial lipid peroxide level (MLPL) by the thiobarbituric acid method (Hiroshi Ohkawa, 1979), and the other 7 for measuring distribution of regional myocardial blood flow (RMBF) by the biological radionuclidelabeled particle method (Wang Jingxian, 1985). With increasing duration of ischemia, MLPL increased significantly in the ischemic and post-ischemic reperfusion injured heart. In the case of 60 mins ischemia followed by 30 mins reperfusion, MLPL was much higher than that without reperfusion. However, which compared with that of 90 mins ischemia, no significant difference was found. The recovery of RMBF was only 53.2% after 30 mins of reperfusion following 60 mins of ischemia. The occurance of post-ischemic reperfusion injury was dependent on the duration and severity of ischemia. The injury of reperfusion after long period (60 mins) of ischemia is similar to that of increasing duration of ischemia. No-reflow phenomenon was observed in ischemic zones during reperfusion after 60 mins of ischemia. In the RSM (2g/kg body wt) protected reperfusion group. MLPL was reduced by 56.0% and the recovery of RMBF was increased by 32.0%.

Dopa-responsive dystonia(DRD) is a clinical syndrome characterized by childhood dystonia and dramatic and sustained response to low-dose levodopa.The deficiency of any link in dopamine synthesis pathway can lead to DRD that is caused by TH gene mutation and is autosomal recessive, which results in the reduction of tyrosine hydroxylase(TH) synthesis and extensive deficiency of dopamine and catecholamine.However, DRD presents atypical clinical manifestations.Mild patients mainly present with dystonia.Some of them might progressively develop into spastic paraplegia and some may have parkinsonian features.Most of them display good response to levodopa.Severe patients present with progressively complex infantile encephalopathy, and badly response to levodopa and remnant intellectual development problems.Most of them manifest with declining homovanillic acid(HVA) in cerebrospinal fluid.However, due to the noncharacteristic clinical course and nonspecific laboratory tests of TH DRD, gene detection still is the only reliable criterion of diagnosis so far.Low-dose levodopa is effective to most mild patients and can improve symptoms to severe patients to some extent.

10.3969/j.issn.1007-3969.2013.04.012