OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to detect the prevalence of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and hepatitis B surface antibody (anti-HBs) in The Republic of Korea Air Force (ROKAF) pilots, and to investigate the factors related to occupational exposure. METHODS: For 720 pilots who visited aeromedical center, ROKAF for general health screening from January, 2001 to August, 2002, HBsAg and anti-HBs were tested using passive hemagglutination and passive hemagglutination, respectively. If HBsAg results had been positive or vague, we performed confirmation test by ASAN Easy Test(R) HBs kit. RESULTS: The overall prevalence of HBsAg and Anti-HBs was 1.8% and 49.4%, respectively. HBsAg positivity was 0.0% in 20-24 years, 0.8% in 25-29 years, 1.1% in 30-34 years, 4.4% in 35-39 years, 1.5% in 40-44 years, 5.4% in 45-49 years, 5.3% in 50-54 years and significantly different below and above thirties (P=0.024). The prevalence of HBsAg in pilots was not different with general adults. Anti-HBs positivity was 100.0% in 20-24 years, 43.9% in 25-29 years, 57.1% in 30-34 years, 50.0% in 35-39 years, 62.1% in 40-44 years, 50.0% in 45-49 years, 73.7% in 50-54 years and significantly increased with age (44.2% in twenties, 53.6% in thirties, 58.9% in more than 40) (P=0.005). The pilots susceptible to HBV infection who were negative in both HBsAg and anti-HBs were found in 49.0% of entire subjects. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of HBsAg and anti-HBs in pilots was lower than in general adults. The pilots tendered to be more susceptible to HBV infection than general adults. Hepatitis B vaccine should be integrated into pilot health programmes.
Adult ; Chungcheongnam-do ; Hemagglutination ; Hepatitis B Surface Antigens* ; Hepatitis B Vaccines ; Hepatitis B virus ; Hepatitis B* ; Hepatitis* ; Humans ; Mass Screening ; Occupational Exposure ; Prevalence ; Republic of Korea

No abstract available.
Cerebral Palsy* ; Child* ; Humans

Aspergillus sp. are the most common contaminants found in the paranasal fungal sinusitis, but isolated sphenoid sinus invasion is extremely rare. According to sinus anatomy and depending on its contiguous structures, various symptoms and complications may appear. Of these symptoms and complications, headaches are the most frequently observed in the few documented cases. The treatment is primarily surgical, through either transnasal or transethmoid approach, depending on whether or not the disease is limited to the sphenoid sinus. The transnasal endoscopic technique offers excellent visualization and an atraumatic approach to the sphenoid sinus. It is performed with the superior turbinate used as the key landmark for identification. For this technique, a wide enlargement of the natural sphenoid ostium is also important. Along with a review of literature, we present two cases of sphenoid sinus aspergillosis which were successfully treated by transnasal endoscopic sphenoidotomy.
Aspergillosis* ; Aspergillus ; Headache ; Sinusitis ; Sphenoid Sinus* ; Turbinates

Abdominal pregnancies are classified as primary and secondary. The incidence varies from one in 372 to one in 9714 live birth. When this occurs, perinatal morbidity and mort-ality are high, usually as a result of growth restriction and congenital anomalies such as fetal pulmonary hypoplasia, pressure deformities, facial and limb asymmetry. Omental pregnancy is an extremely rare form of abdominal pregnancy that may cause life-threatening massive hemorrhage in case of rupture. A case of this rare entity is prese- nted after dilatation and curettage in which gestational tissue was found to arise from the edge of greater omentum, requiring partial omentectomy. The diagnosis of omental pregnancy is hardly ever made prior to laparotomy. This case of omental pregnancy, believed to be secondary, was recently experienced and it is reported here with a brief review of the literature.
Congenital Abnormalities ; Diagnosis ; Dilatation and Curettage* ; Dilatation* ; Extremities ; Female ; Hemorrhage ; Incidence ; Laparotomy ; Live Birth ; Omentum ; Pregnancy* ; Pregnancy, Abdominal ; Rupture

Cervical endonetriosis with cystic change is extremely rare lesion. We experienced onecase of cervical endometriosis in 33 year old woman, who had no symptoms, so we reprot thecase and brief review of literatures.
Adult ; Endometriosis* ; Female ; Humans

A total of 335 inguinal hernias in children were analyzed by the authors at the Department of General Surgery, St. Benedict Hospital, for last 10 years, from 1986 to 1995. The male patients were predominant (2.25:1), and 78.2% were under 2 years of age. Right side was 1.63 times more frequent than the left. Among the 19 cases of incarcerated hernias, 84% could be reduced preoperatively in safe. Only 3.6% of the cases were repaired by Bassini procedure, but the others didn't require posterior wall reconstruction. Bilaterality was 25 cases (7.5%), and 8 cases (2.4%) developed later contralateral hernias after primary ipsilateral fix. Complications were in 15 cases (4.5%) such as scrotal seroma and/or hematoma (3%), wound infection (0.6%), pneumonia (0.9%). For the more comprehensive care for the herniated children, specialized practice by a pediatric surgeon would be required in the future.
Child* ; Hematoma ; Hernia ; Hernia, Inguinal* ; Humans ; Male ; Pneumonia ; Seroma ; Wound Infection

Polymicrobial nature of diabetic foot infection has been well documented in the literature. Initial antibiotic therapy of diabetic foot infection is usually empiric until reliable culture data is shown. This study was carried out to determine the common bacteriological flora of diabetic foot infection and antimicrobial sensitivity pattern in order to enhance possible empiric treatment. The specimens were obtained from wounds of 207 cases of diabetic foot ulcer, and the bacteriological isolation, and antimicrobial susceptibility tests of the isolates were carried out by standard microbiological methods. Staphylococcus aureus was the most common isolate, with 46.2% of recover rate among total bacterial isolated cases. Among gram-negative organisms, Pseudomonas aeruginosa was most common. Gram-positive organisms showed significant susceptibility to clindamycin, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, and levofloxacin, besides vancomycin. Cefoperazone, piperacillin/tazobactam, and amikacin in addition to imipenem were most effective agents compared to gram-negative organisms. Diabetic foot infection requires use of combined antimicrobial therapy for initial management. Our results indicate that the most effective antibiotic combination for diabetic foot infection of Korean patients is clindamycin plus cefoperazone.
Amikacin ; Bacteriology* ; Cefoperazone ; Clindamycin ; Diabetic Foot* ; Humans ; Imipenem ; Levofloxacin ; Pseudomonas aeruginosa ; Staphylococcus aureus ; Ulcer* ; Vancomycin ; Wounds and Injuries

No abstract available.
Colon* ; Colonic Neoplasms*

Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is an acute fulminating disease of neonate characterized by diffuse or patchy intestinal necrosis accompanied by sepsis and often followed by perforation, peritonitis and death. We had experienced 2 cases of NEC recently which were diagnosed by clinical, X-Ray survey, histologic finding of operation. Review of the references concerning NEC was made briefly.
Enterocolitis, Necrotizing* ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Necrosis ; Peritonitis ; Sepsis

A 37-year-old woman was admitted for chief complaints about primary amenorrhea and multiple bone pains. She was raised phenotypically female but her chromosomal study was no-rmal male karyotype(46 XY). On pelvic examination, she showed relatively normal female ex-ternal genitalia except short blind-ending vagina. There were also no uterus and tubes in operation field. Even though rare disorder, she was diagnosed male pseudohermaphroditism due to 17-beta -hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase deficiency. This disorder is the most common enzyme defect in biosynthesis of testosterone and involves the last step. The serum level of sex steroid: test osterone, estradiol were decreased and FSH, LH were increased. Androstenedione was increased and we could obtain that Androstenedione / Testosterone ratio was increased. Because of 17-beta-HSD deficiency, estrogen was not converted to estradiol, and so estradiol was markedly decreased. Same as above, we experienced a case of male pseudohermaphroditism due to 17-beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase deficiency with multiple osteoporosis. So we report this case with a brief review of literatures.
46, XY Disorders of Sex Development ; Adult ; Amenorrhea ; Androstenedione ; Estradiol ; Estrogens ; Female ; Genitalia ; Gynecological Examination ; Humans ; Male ; Osteoporosis* ; Oxidoreductases* ; Testosterone ; Uterus ; Vagina