No abstract available.
Hope*

No abstract available.
Korea*

Pituitary apoplexy, the sudden infarction, necrosis or hemorrhage into a pituitary adenoma may be threatening life and is difficult to diagnose. With an advent of CT, early diagnosis of hemorrhage into the pituitary adenomais possible if one has familiarity with its characteristic CT changes. Two cases of pituitary apoplexy are reported with brief review of the literatures. One case had a history of radiation therapy for pituitary adenoma 7 years ago, and the other had no symptoms or sings of pituitary tumor prior to onset of disease.
Early Diagnosis ; Hemorrhage ; Infarction ; Necrosis ; Pituitary Apoplexy ; Pituitary Neoplasms ; Recognition (Psychology)

The development of CT scanning has revolutionized the role of radiology in the management of the pediatric head trauma. The procedure is safe and can be repeated to reassess a changing neurologic picture, thereby correlation the clinical and pathologic changes. This study included evaluation of CT of 178 infants and children with head trauma during the period of 31 months from Feb. 1979 to Aug. 1981 in the department of radiology, College of Medicine, Hanyang University. 1. Age distribution of the total 178 pediatric patients was ranging from one month to 16 years. The pediatric patient population was comprised of 128 males and 50 females, and its male to female ratio was about 2.5:1. The incidence of age occurring in 3 to 6 years was 38.2% and 7 to 10 years was29.2%. Therefore the distribution of age between 3 to 6 years and 7 to 10 years was occurred in two-thirds of allpediatric patients. 2. Of all cases of injuries, traffic accidents were 60.1% and falls were 34.8%. 3. Skull fractures were roentgenographically detected in 61 (34.3%). However, the incidence of fractures in pretoddler group (0-2 years) was 61.1% and 7 to 10 years was 37.8%, 3 to 6 years was 36.8%. Most common site of skull fracture was occipital bone, next parietal bone. 4. 54.8% of pediatric head trauma due to a fall had a skull fracture, as did25.2% of those who were injured in traffic accident. 5. Cerebral CT of the total 178 pediatric patients were revealed as following study; Normal was 74.2%, epidural hematoma was 8.9%, subdural hematoma was 5.1%, Cerebral contusion was 4.5%, intracerebral hematoma was 2.2% etc. 6. Of 25 cases of the epidural and subdural hematoma, Supratentorial area was 15 cases, infratentorial area was 10 cases. 7. Most of the epidural hematoma was demonstrated a clear mental state. 8. However, intracerebral hematoma and cerebral contusion were occurred almost impairment of mental state.
Accidental Falls ; Accidents, Traffic ; Age Distribution ; Child ; Contusions ; Craniocerebral Trauma ; Female ; Head ; Hematoma ; Hematoma, Subdural ; Humans ; Incidence ; Infant ; Male ; Occipital Bone ; Parietal Bone ; Skull Fractures ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

CT is a new non-invasive diagnostic imaging method, which has ability to differentiate D.S.F., hematoma, and even edematous brain from normal brain tissue. Prior to the introduction of the CT, the diagnosis of the intraventricular hemorrhage in living patients was difficult and was confirmed by surgery or autopsy. Intracranial hemorrhages are visible on the CT with density higher than brain tissue in acute phase. CT is an accurate method for detecting of intraventricular hemorrhage including detection of nature, location, amount, and associated changes. CT is also useful as a surgical guidance and in the evaluation of fate of the hematomas by easily performable follow up studies. The causes of the intraventricular hemorrhages are hypertension, rupture of aneurysm, arteriovenous malformation, head trauma, brain tumor, and others. This study included evaluation of CT of 69 patients who show the high density in cerebral ventricular system during the period of 31 months fromFeb.1979 to Aug. 1981 in the department of radiology, college of medicine, Hanyang University. The results were as follows. 1. Age distribution of the total 69 patients was broad ranging from 1 month to 80 years. 28% of patients were in the 6th decade. The male to female ratio was 2:1. 2. The consciousness of patients at CT study: Those were conscious in 11 cases, stuporous in 41 cases and unconscious in 17 cases. 3. The causes of intraventricular hemorrhages were hypertension in 28 cases, head trauma in 12 cases, aneurysm in 4 cases, tumor in 2 cases and others in 23 cases. 4. 9 cases showed intraventricular hematomas only, other 60 cases showed associated intracranial hematomas: Those were intracerebral hematomas in 53 cases including 30 cases of basal ganglial & thalamic hematomas, subarachnoid hemorrhages in 17 cases, epidural hematomas in 3 cases, and subdural hematomas in2 cases. 5. All cases of the intraventricular hematomas except one showed hematoma in the lateral ventricles, hematomas in the 3rd ventricle in 35 cases, and hematomas in the 4th ventricle in 29 cases. 6. 28 out of 69 cases showed dilatation of the lateral ventricles. 7. Only 8 out of 69 cases were improved remarkably, 11 cases were slightly improved, and 48 cases were expired. The overall mortality was 70%. 8. The consciousness of the patient at the CT study and possibly the associated intracerbral hematoma play an important role in mortality. The age of the patients, causes of hemorrhages, presence of ventricular dilatation, and methods of treatment did not affect the mortality.
Age Distribution ; Aneurysm ; Arteriovenous Fistula ; Autopsy ; Brain ; Brain Neoplasms ; Cerebral Ventricles ; Consciousness ; Craniocerebral Trauma ; Diagnosis ; Diagnostic Imaging ; Dilatation ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Fourth Ventricle ; Hematoma ; Hematoma, Subdural ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Intracranial Hemorrhages ; Lateral Ventricles ; Male ; Methods ; Mortality ; Rupture ; Stupor ; Subarachnoid Hemorrhage ; Third Ventricle

Twenty cases of hepatocelluar carcinoma were examined by selective celiac and superior mesentericarteriography. Obstruction of the main portal vein due to tumor thrombus was revealed in 7 cases and 3 of thesecases had carvenous transformation of the protal vein(CTPV). The authors intended in this study to evaluate CTPVgroup and non-CTPV group clinically and radiologically. The results obtained are as follows; 1. The duration ofillness was shorter in CTPV group than non-CTPV group. 2. There was no significant difference in tumor sizebetween two groups, and main portion of tumor was located in the right lobe in both groups. 3. Arterioportal shuntwas present in 2 of 4 cases in non-CTPV group, but was no present at all in CTPV group. 4. Hepatofugal collateralsof portal vein were developed in all but one in both groups. 5. There was no significant difference in bloodchemistry between two groups. 6. CTPV may play an important role maintain the hepatic blood flow.
Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; Portal Vein ; Thrombosis

PURPOSE: To correlate histologic subtypes with MR signal intensity in meniagioma and to find etiologic factors responsible for the signal characteristics of T2WI. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We. reviewed MRIs and histopathologic studies in 35 cases of meningioma. MR signal intenisty was measured with respect to cerebral cortex(gray matter) as hypointense, isointense, or hyperintense. Pathologically, meningioma was classified into subtypes, acording to the new WHO classification of brain tumors. The degree of cellularity, collagen, and vascularity was graded from 1 to 3, and presence or absence of psammoma bodies, microcysts, micronecrosis and microhemorrhage was obeserved. Multiple linear regression analysis was done to find relationship between the pathologic findings and MR signal intensity of T2WI. RESULTS: Even in the same subtype, cellularity, collagen and vascularty of the tumor were different. T1WI was not useful in discriminating pathologic subtype because most tumors were isointense or hypointense to the cortex regardless of histologic type. Most tumors showed various signal intensity on T2WI, but T2WI were not useful, either. Exceptionally, all five cases of microcystic meningiomas were hyperintense on T2W1. In analysing the relationship between MR signal intensity and pathologic factor, increased collagen content produced decreased signal intensity(P<0.01) and the existence of microcyst resulted in high signal intensity(P<0.01). Cellularity, vascularity, microcalcification, micronecrosis and microhemorrhage had no relationship with signal intensity on T2WI. CONCLUSION: Except for the five microcystic meningiomas with hyperintenty on T2WI there was no relationship between MR signal intensity and subtype of meningiomas. Pathologic factors influencing T2 signal intensity were microcyst and collagen. Even in the same subtypes of meningiomas, the T2 signal intensity was different. This may be due to different ratio of microcyst and collagen.
Brain Neoplasms ; Classification ; Collagen ; Linear Models ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging* ; Meningioma*

A 31-year-old woman with surgically proven spinal extradural granulocytic sarcoma was examined with magnetic resonance (MR) imaging. This patient had no evidence of systemic leukemia. The signal intensities of the mass on T1-weighted and gradient echo images were higher than those of spinal cord, which were different from iso-intensity of cases reported by other authors.
Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Leukemia ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging* ; Sarcoma, Myeloid* ; Spinal Cord

Nowadays, we have much more convenient access to every medical journal through web sites, compared to the paper-based publications of the past. Beyond simply reading, we can compose, submit, inspect, review, and store data through these web sites. Furthermore, medical journals do not operate independently, but are rather integrated through online journal databases: therefore, an era of ubiquitous access to medical information for any purpose, has arrived. Thousands of new papers are pouring out in the flood of information everyday, so that it is very important for authors to make their research outcomes known to science scholar online especially in the options or selections of his or her own purpose of study. Therefore, a thorough understanding of database usage is necessary in order to meet authors' and readers' goals. The Journal of the Korean Medical Association (JKMA) began operating an online database (www.kjma.org) in July 2010, to keep pace with international digital journal standards. Digital publication is a very encouraging improvement in meeting contemporary reader's' needs over the previous paper-based system. The tools and content of the journal web site will both be continuously updated. Our society ought to not only catch up with other society's but further develop our online presence in innovative ways. The authors here introduce and summarize the latest trends and ethical issues in online publication needed to manage and use the online medical databases appropriately.
Publications

PURPOSE: To evaluate value of post-contrast 3-Dimensional fat suppressed Spoiled GRASS (FS SPGR) in detectiong subtle bony erosion and tenosynovitis of hands and wrists due to early rheumatoid arthritis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fourteen MR iraagings of the hands and wrists were performed in 7 early rheu- matoid arthritis without any abnormalities in plain radiography and in 7 healthy volunteers. All subjects underwent MR sequence of coronal 3D FS SPGR with and without contrast enhancornear in 1.5T MR unit. We evaluated the number of the bony erosion and tenosynovitis respectively in pre- and post-contrast FS SPGR images. RESULTS: The abnormal enhancing areas were not demonstrated in 7 healthy volunteers. Seven patients had 25 bony erosions in pre-contrast FS SPGR and 52 bony erosions with tenosynovitis (n=10) in post-contrast FS SPGR. Enhancing joint spaces were shown in 8 cases CONCLUSION: Post-contrast FS SPGR was better than pre-contrast FS SPGR in the evaluation of early rheumaotid arthritis and is valuable as a baseline study.
Arthritis ; Arthritis, Rheumatoid* ; Hand ; Healthy Volunteers ; Humans ; Joints ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging* ; Poaceae ; Radiography ; Tenosynovitis ; Wrist