No abstract available.
Carcinoma, Renal Cell* ; Survival Rate*

No abstract available.
Cardiac Output* ; Ductus Arteriosus* ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn*

Kainic acid[KA], a glutamic acid analogue, has been widely used as a excitotoxin in the study of neurotoxicity due to its ability to induce strong excitation and to increase intracellular calcium concentration of the mature central nervous system[CNS] neurons. However, it is not well known whether KA is also strongly cytotoxic to the neurons of the postnatal brain. We have injected KA into rats at different developmental stages and have investigated the changes in the expression of c-fos[transcriptional factor and a marker of neuronal activity], heat shock proetin 72[hsp 72, a neuronal injury marker], and glial fibrillary acidic protein[GFAP, a neuronal injury marker] mRNAs, which are known to be increased in KA-induced neurotoxicity, and glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase [GAPDH, a house keeping gene] mRNAs with in situ hybridization histochemistry using specific riboprobes. The expression of c-fos mRNA was first identified in the CA3 area of hippocampus from 6hr after KA treatment in P7 rats. The c-fos mRNA-expressing area and the level of expression was gradually increased from P7 to adult. Hsp 72 mRNA was first expressed in the dentate gyrus and hippocampus from 6hr after KA treatment in P2l rats. In the adult rats, hsp 72 mRNA was broadly expressed in the brain at 2hr after KA treatment. The increase of GFAP mRNA expression was first identified in Pl4 rat brain from 6hrs after KA treatment, and by the development of brain it tends to appear earlier. The expression of GAPDH mRNA, however, did not show changes after KA treatment except for the adult rats showing a slight decrease at 12hr after KA treatment. These results suggest that KA may offer different level of cytotoxicity to the developing neurons by their developmental status and the difference may be correlated with the completion of synaptogenesis and increase of KA receptor.
Adult ; Animals ; Brain* ; Calcium ; Dentate Gyrus ; Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein ; Glutamic Acid ; Glyceraldehyde 3-Phosphate ; Hippocampus ; Hot Temperature ; HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins ; Humans ; In Situ Hybridization ; Kainic Acid* ; Neurons ; Neurotoxins ; Oxidoreductases ; Rats* ; RNA, Messenger ; Shock

Computerized Tomography is now well established and important noninvasive method of diagnosting mediastinal mass lesions because of its superior imaging of their size, location and internal composition. Authors analyzed and present CT findings of 30 surgically proven mediastinal tumors and cysts that were studied and treated at the Yeungnam University Hospital during recent 6 years. The most common tumor was thymoma (9 cases), and teratoma (6 cases), lymphoma (6 cases), bronchogenic cyst (4 cases), neurogenic tumor (4 cases), pericardial cyst (1 case) were next in order of frequency. There were 5 cases of thymoma showing homogenous solid density mass, 2 cases were malignant thymoma and myasthenia gravis was present in 2 cases. A case of thymolipoma and a case of thymic carcinoma were included. All teratomas were cystic masses but pathognomonic fat, and calcified density were seen only in 4 cases. 5 cases were located in anterior mediastinum and 1 case was in posterior mediastinum. Lymphoma (3 Hodgkin's and 3 non-Hodgkin's) appeared as irregular lobulated mass in anterior mediastinum. Neurogenic tumor (2 ganglioneuroma and 2 neurilemmoma) appeared as homogenous density mass located in posterior mediastinum. Among the 4 bronchogenic cysts, 2 were located in retrotracheal area, 1 was located in subcarinal and 1 was in parathoracic area. One case of pericardial cyst was oval shaped cystic mass located in left pericardiac border.
Bronchogenic Cyst ; Ganglioneuroma ; Lymphoma ; Mediastinal Cyst ; Mediastinum ; Methods ; Myasthenia Gravis ; Teratoma ; Thymoma

No abstract available.
Craniosynostoses*

No abstract available.
HLA-DR Antigens*

No abstract available.
Down Syndrome* ; Granulocyte Precursor Cells* ; Leukemia*

No abstract available.
Ulcer*

Double elevator paralysis is a syndrome in which the superior rectus and the inferior oblique muscle of the same eye are paralyzed. The authors have experienced a case of double elevator paralysis with 35 prism diopters hypotropia and 20 prism diopters exotropia on the right eye. The patient was 19 years old female who visited our hospital because of poor cosmetic appearance. Knapp procedure was performed primarily to correct hypotropia, but 20 prism diopters hypotropia remained. 5 months later, a second operation was performed consisted of 7.5 mm recession of the left lateral rectus and 5mm recession of the right inferior rectus in order to correct the exotropia and residual hypotropia. After the second operation, ocular position in primary position was nearly orthophoric and upward movement of the right eye was considerably improved.
Elevators and Escalators* ; Exotropia ; Female ; Humans ; Paralysis* ; Young Adult

BACKGROUND: Obesity is linked to a wide range of respiratory diseases. Several studies have shown that body weight at baseline and weight change were related to pulmonary function. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between change in body mass index (BMI) and pulmonary function in adults. METHODS: Of those aged 40-64 years at baseline who had initially visited the health promotion center at one university-level hospital from January 2000 to December 2002, 499 (men: 309, women: 190) patients revisited the center over a 5-year period up to December 2009 and were enrolled in the study. Subjects were classified into 4 groups- group 1: normal-normal, group 2: normal-obese, group 3: obese-normal, and group 4: obese-obese, based on their BMI at baseline and follow-up. Forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1), forced vital capacity (FVC) and FEV1/FVC were measured by spirometry. RESULTS: Change in FEV1/FVC was significantly associated with change in BMI for men in all 4 groups. Change in FEV1/FVC was significantly different between group 1 and 3 and between group 1 and 4. Changes in FEV1, FVC and FEV1/FVC were significantly associated with change in BMI for women in all 4 groups. Change in FEV1 was significantly different between group 3 and 4, and change in FVC was significantly different between group 1 and 3. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that a change in BMI is negatively associated with change in pulmonary function. Obesity itself can be a risk factor for pulmonary dysfunction, and a decrease in BMI through weight reduction could reduce pulmonary dysfunction or improve pulmonary function in adults.
Adult ; Aged ; Body Mass Index ; Body Weight ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Forced Expiratory Volume ; Health Promotion ; Humans ; Male ; Obesity ; Risk Factors ; Vital Capacity ; Weight Loss