This investigation was aimed to study the effect of contrast media on the cardiovascular system. So in thisstudy, pithed rats were used whether alteration in cardiovascular system by contrast media were controlledcentrally. Furthermore, several hypertonic solutions were also used to clarify the effect of contrast media. Theresults are as follows: 1. Intravenous injection of contrast media in rats(2.5m/kg) caused hypotension andbradycardia. The effects were neither blocked by pretreatment of atropine nor pyribenzamine+atropine. 2. NaCl4.7%, dextrose 24.8%, urea 9.0% and glycerol 10.1%(v/v) which were equiosmolar with contrast media, causedhypotension, but did not affect the heart rate. 3. In pithed rats, intravenous injection of Angiografin increasedblood pressure in a dose-dependant manner, and caused decrease in heart rate compared with those of control rats. 4. In pithed rats, bradycardia by intravascular injection with Angiografin was partialy blocked by atropine. 5.Metrizamide of which iodine content was adjusted to 280 mg/ml caused increased in blood pressure when was injectedintravenously in pithed rats with little effect on heart rate. 6. When perfused with contrast media in rathindlimb at 15ml/kg speed both perfusion pressure and flow effluent incereased, simultaneously. These resultssuggest that hypotension might be caused by the central effect due to hyperosmolarity of contrast media andbrachycardia caused by both parasympathetic stimulation and direct inhibitory action on the cardiac conductivesystem.
Animals ; Atropine ; Blood Pressure ; Bradycardia ; Cardiovascular System ; Contrast Media ; Diatrizoate Meglumine ; Glucose ; Glycerol ; Heart Rate ; Hypertonic Solutions ; Hypotension ; Injections, Intravenous ; Iodine ; Perfusion ; Rats ; Urea

No abstract available.

No abstract available.
Diagnosis* ; Ossification, Heterotopic* ; Risk Factors* ; Spinal Cord Injuries* ; Spinal Cord*

The purpose of this paper is to define the bacterial sources of wound infection after surgery including debridement for open fractures. Total number of patients were 123 during surgery July 1975 to Oct. 1976 at Hangang Sacred Heart Hospital. Out of 123 cases 17 were infected postoperatively. Serial bacterial cultures were performed for specimens taken from the contaminated wound in emergency room and by exposing the Petri-dishes in the operating room. Additional cultures were carried out for 17 specimens taken from the infected wounds postoperatively. Positive bacterial cultures from the initial wounds were obtained in 71 cases (57.7%) out of 123 contaminated wounds in emergency room. Setting monitoring of air contamination in conventional operating room, 51 colonies of bacterial growth per 1 hour exposure were noted and common organisms were colliform bacilli, streptococci and staphylococci in order. Postoperative wound infection rate was 13. 8%. Common pathogens were staphylococcus aureus, coliform bacilli and pseudomonas and kanamycin was most effective antibiotics. The retrospective bacteriological studies for 17 infected cases elucidated following results: 1) Organisms of same species; from initial wound and infected wound postoperatively 7 cases 2) Organisms of same species; from air contamination in the operating room and infectected wound postoperatiyely 5 cases 3) Organism of same species; from air contamination in the operating room, initial wound and infected wound postoperatively 1 case 4) Others (contagious or endogenous origin) 4 cases The results reveal that the initial contaminated open fracture and air contamination during surgery are the main sources of postoperative infection. Four cases which the infectious sources were not determined included in contagious origin dogmaticaIly.
Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Debridement ; Emergency Service, Hospital ; Enterobacteriaceae ; Fractures, Open ; Heart ; Humans ; Kanamycin ; Operating Rooms ; Pseudomonas ; Retrospective Studies ; Staphylococcus aureus ; Surgical Wound Infection ; Wound Infection ; Wounds and Injuries

BACKGROUND: Transforming growth factor-beta(TGF-beta) has multiple regulatory effects on cells of the immune system, and it has been suggested that differentiation of lymphoid cells is influenced by low concentra tions of this cytokine. OBJECTIVES: The aim or this study was to investigate the role of TGF-beta in regulation of T cell growth and differentiation, and to compare this effect with that of other cell signals known to be important in T cell ontogeny. METHODS: We used the CTLL-2 cell line in the presence of IL-2. Surface phenotype expression was analysed to see whether these cells could be switched to the other subtype of cells. RESULT: Treatment of CTLL-2 cells with TGF-beta resulted in dose dependent growth inhibition and morphological changes. Curing routine passage, less than 5% of cells were CD8alpha positive, whereas 38% of cells expressed CD8alpha when treated with IL-2 plus TGF-beta. However, TPA plus calcium ionophore, IFN-gamma, or TNF-alpha caused no significant changes in the proportion of CD8 cells. CONCLUSION: Our results show that this experiment can be a useful model for investigating CD8 precursor potentials in populations of CD4-CD8-(double negative) cells, and such a model may offer a way to study the molecular regulation of CD8 gene expression.
Calcium ; Cell Line* ; Gene Expression ; Immune System ; Interleukin-2 ; Lymphocytes ; Phenotype ; Transforming Growth Factor beta ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha

Keratoacanthoma is a benign neoplasm that develops as a protruding mass especially on the central part of face, We experienced a case of keratoacanthoma that developed on the nasal vestibule after the eradication of verruca vulgaris on the same site by surgical intervention 3 months before. We treated it with total excision and skin graft.
Keratoacanthoma* ; Skin ; Transplants ; Warts*

A 40-year-old woman had a pruritic, vesiculobullous eruption of her face for 6 weeks with no evidence of systemic disease. A biopsy showed subepidermal blisters and dermal infiltrates of neutrophilic inflammatory cells. Direct immunofluorescence demonstrated thick linear deposits of IgG and C3 along the basement membrane zone. The cleavage plane was identified to be just beneath the lamina densa. Using Western immunoblots, the patient's IgG autoantibodies were found to recognize type VII proeollagen. Moderate starting doses of systemic prednisolone gave a good response for this patient with an early inflammatory form of epidermolysis bullosa acquisita.
Adult ; Autoantibodies ; Basement Membrane ; Biopsy ; Blister ; Blotting, Western ; Epidermolysis Bullosa Acquisita* ; Epidermolysis Bullosa* ; Female ; Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Direct ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin G ; Neutrophils ; Prednisolone

No abstract available.
Rectal Prolapse*

Hypernephroma comprises about 85-90% of renal malignancy in adults. The natural course of hypernephroma isvery diverse and unpredictable from abrupt explosive growth with wide spread metastasis to asymptomatic slowgrowth for several years. Reports from aliens indicated that hypernephroma with histopathological papillary growthpattern has better prognosis and more frequently hypovascular on renal angiography and less echogenic onultrasonography than non-papillary hypernephroma. Reviewed here retrospectively all the patients who were admittedand diagnosed as hypernephroma histopathologically at the Severance Hospital from March, 1973 through September,1984, in respective of angiographic vascularity, ultrasonographic echogenicity, histopathologic cell type andgrowth pattern, and following results were obtained. 1. The incidence of calcification in hypernephroma was 7cases out of 53 cases(13%). The incidence of hypernephroma according to cell type was clear cell type 20 cases(56%), mixed cell type 11 cases (31%), granular cell type 4 cases (11%), sarcomatous cell type 1 case(2%). Theincidence of hypernephroma according to growth pattern was papillary growth pattern 14 cases(45%) andnon-papillary growth pattern 17 cases(55%). 2. Renal angiographically, hypervascular hypernephroma was 19cases(73%), hypovascular hypernephromas was 6 cases(23%), all of which showed abnormal marginal vessels. 3.Angiographically hypervascular hypernephroma had high incidence of predominantly high echogenicity andangiographically hypervascular hypernephroma had high incidence of predominantly low echogenicity. 4. Clear celltype hypernephroma had high incidence of predominantly low echogenicity on ultrasonography. 5. Predominantly lowechogneic hypernephroma had high incidence of papillary growth pattern and predominantly high echogenichypernephroma had high incidence of non-papillary growth pattern. In summary, clear cell type hypernephroma hadhigh incidence of hypovascularity angiographically and hypovascularity on angiography was correlated withpredominantly low echogenicity on ultrasonography, and predominantly low echognicity had high incidence ofpapillary hypernephroma which was reported to have more good prognosis than non-papillary hypernephroma. So, itcan be suggested that if a hypernephroma show hypovascularity on angiography or predominantly low echogenicity onultrasonography, it has a good prognosis than hypervascular or predominantly high echogenic hypernephroma.
Adult ; Angiography ; Carcinoma, Renal Cell ; Emigrants and Immigrants ; Humans ; Incidence ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies ; Ultrasonography

No abstract available.