No abstract available.
Nevus, Pigmented*

No abstract available.
Colonoscopy*

No abstract available.
Animals ; Rats*

No abstract available.

No abstract available.
Animals ; Coal* ; Dust* ; Lung* ; Rats* ; Silicon Dioxide*

PURPOSE: To establish normal reference ranges of urinary flow rate related to age, body surface area and voided volume in normal Korean pediatric females, uroflowmetry was performed and analyzed statistically. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Uroflowmetry was performed on total 270 normal pediatric females who ranged in age from 4 to 12 years(mean+/-SD: 7.23+/-1.97 years). The height and weight were measured then body surface area was calculated by Mosteller`s formula. The uroflow data(peak and average flow) were grouped by age(4 to 6, 7 to 9 and 10 to 12 years old) and body surface area( 1.1 and<1.1 m2) then plotted in volume-related nomograms. RESULTS: Mean values of peak and average flow rates were 13.33+/-4.44 & 7.51+/-2.6, 14.01+/-5.22 & 7.76+/-3.15, 20.40+/-6.84 & 10.89+/-3.97 ml/sec in each age group, and 13.57+/-4.87 & 7.61+/-2.96, 20.14+/-6.44 & 10.65+/-3.79 ml/sec in each body surface area group, respectively. Flow rates were increased significantly with voided volume, age and body surface area. Body surface area was found to be a more reliable index than age in the establishment of nomograms(p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Nomograms of peak and average flow rates of normal Korean pediatric female were presented. These may be useful for diagnosing lower urinary tract disturbances in pediatric female over a wide range of age, body size and voided volumes.
Body Size ; Body Surface Area ; Female* ; Humans ; Nomograms* ; Pediatrics ; Reference Values ; Urinary Tract

Hypertension is a well known causative factor of congestive heart failure and other cardiovascular disease, and usually induce myocardial hypertrophy. Recent study shows that some antihypertensive drugs may reduce the hypertrophied cardiac mass reversibly. And over the past some decades, increasing attention was focused on these drugs. These drugs include methyldopa, angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor, calcium channel inhibitor, beta-adrenergic blocker, but diuretics and vasodilators were known not to reduce the hypertrophied ventricular mass. In this study, 46 hypertensive patients were managed by captopril, atenolol, or hydrochlorothiazide monotherapy. And wer estimated and follow up LV mass by echocardiography during 3 months. Captopril and atenolol group showed LV mass reduced, but hydrochlorothiazide group did not. LV mass was reduced more in captopril group than in atenolo group. In conclusion, we have been impressed by this study that diuretics monotherapy for hypertension shoud be reconsidered. And we concluded that drugs which can reduce myocardial mass shoud be chosen to control hypertension as a monotherapeutic drug or a additive drug.
Antihypertensive Agents ; Atenolol ; Calcium Channels ; Captopril ; Cardiovascular Diseases ; Diuretics ; Echocardiography ; Follow-Up Studies ; Heart Failure ; Humans ; Hydrochlorothiazide ; Hypertension* ; Hypertrophy ; Methyldopa ; Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A ; Vasodilator Agents

The convulsive seizure brings about cerebral hypoxic damage through the respiratory impediment caused by uncorrdinated muscle spasm and rising metabolic demand of contracting muscles. Therefore, it should be treated adequately by providing the patient with anticonvulsants and supplementary oxygen, as soon as it is develops from any cause. We experienced a 9-year old male patient with tonic convulsive seizure and come at about 12 hours after spinal anesthesia for appendectomy. It was suspected by the cerebrospinal fluid findings, clinical signs and symptoms that his convulsive sizure was symptom of aseptic meningitis, arare delayed neurologic complication, following spinal anesthesia. This patient was treated successfully by continuous intravenous drip of thiopental solution and the approptiate symptomatic therapy.
Male ; Humans

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the amount and interrelationship of hard and soft tissue changes after mandibular setback osteotomy and reduction genioplasty in mandibular prognathism with long anterior facial height. The control group (Group A) consisted of 20 patients who had severe horizontal discrepancy. They experienced presurgical orthodontic treatment and orthognathic surgery via mandibular setback. The experimental group (Group B) consisted of 20 patients who had severe horizontal and vertical discrepancy. They experienced presurgical orthodontic treatment and orthognathic surgery via mandibular setback and reduction genioplasty. The presurgical and postsurgical lateral cephalograms were valuated. The computerized statistical analysis was carried on with EXCEL 97 program. The results were as follows : 1. The correlation of hard and soft tissue horizontal changes in lower 2/3 of lower anterior facial height were high for both groups. The correlation coefficients of hard tissue changes and Ls, Stm, Li changes in group B were moderately higher than Group A. 2. The correlation of hard and soft tissue vertical changes in Group B were lower than Group A. (except for pointB-Ils, Me-Me') 3. The ratio for soft tissue to Pog in Group B was lower than Group A. The ratios of hard and soft tissue vertical changes were 32% at Ils, 54% at Pog', and 60% at Me'. 4. The ratio of lower anterior facial height to total anterior facial height was reduced for both group. But ratio of upper 1/3 of lower anterior facial height to total anterior facial height did not changed significantly in Group B. 5. Reduction genioplasty combined with mandibular setback procedure showed no change in upper one third(Sn-Stm) and significant decrease(Stm-Me') in the lower two thirds of the soft-tissue anterior lower facial height.
Genioplasty* ; Humans ; Orthognathic Surgery ; Osteotomy* ; Prognathism*

No abstract available.
Education*