The following case report concerns a rare bone metastasis of malignant melanoma occurring in the 4th and 5th lumbar spines and adjacent iliac crests and sacrum. A 42-year-old woman was admitted with a 6 months history of severe lumbago ar right flank pain radiating to right lower extremity. Preoperative X-ray studies revealed stag horn stone in the right renal pelvis as spondylolisthesis of the 5th lumbar spine with bilateral isthmic defects. On physical examinations, dark brown colored nevus was noted at lower lumbar regio which was removed and subjected for biopsy. Surgical exploration demonstrated a melanoma metastasis to have invaded the spine process, lamina and transverse processes of the 5th lumbar spine, adjacent L4 and sacru and iliac crests. Surrounding soft tissues, however, were apparently normal. Postoperatively course of the patient seemed to follow a rapidly terminal clinical cours.
Adult ; Animals ; Biopsy ; Female ; Flank Pain ; Horns ; Humans ; Kidney Pelvis ; Low Back Pain ; Lower Extremity ; Melanoma ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Nevus ; Physical Examination ; Sacrum ; Spine ; Spondylolisthesis

No abstract available.
Borrelia burgdorferi* ; Borrelia* ; Ixodes* ; Korea* ; Lyme Disease* ; Ticks*

No abstract available.
Borrelia burgdorferi* ; Borrelia* ; Humans ; Korea*

Adenosquamous carcinoma originating in the stomach is relatively rare, and the occurrence of such tumor is interesting with respect to its histogenesis. We describe three cases of gastric adenosquamous carcinoma in a 39-year-old man, a 58-year-old woman and a 52-year-old man. They were grossly classified as Borrmann type III or II, revealing no difference from usual advanced gastric adenocarcinomas. Microscopically three cases showed well or moderately differentiated squamous cell carcinoma component occupying large areas of the tumors. Areas of transition from glandular to squamous epithelium were frequently observed. Metastatic foci in the regional lymph nodes also were consisted of two elements. On immunohistochemical study, CEA immunoreactivity was found not only in adenocarcinoma component but also in squamous cell components, in comparison to cytokeratin which was detected only in squamous areas. The immunohistochemical findings of CEA reactivity in both components, and the presence of microscopic transitional zones support the hypothesis of squamous metaplasia occurring in an already existing adenocarcinoma in the development of adenosquamous carcinoma of the stomach.
Female ; Male ; Humans ; Adenocarcinoma ; Neoplasm Metastasis

Cervical adenocarcinoma represents approximately 3-6% of the uterine cervical neoplasms. Recently, its relative incidence tends to be increased in contrast to squamous cell carcinoma. Sixty nine cases from 1985 to 1990 diagonsed as adenocarcinoma of the cervix by radical or total hysterectomy were analyzed to know their histopathological characteristics and related prognostic factors. The results wer as follows. (1) The age distribution ranged from 24 to 60 years and the mean age was 44 years and 47 years in adenocarcinoma in situ and invasive adenocarcinoma, respectively. Staging by FIGO classification showed the range from stage 0 to IIb, of which 63.8% was stage Ib. (2) Cases were composed of 7 cases of adenocarcinoma in situ(10%) and 62 cases of invasive adenocarcinomas(90%). The latter included 16 cases of adenosquamous carcinoma and 46 cases of pure adenocarcinoma which showed endocervical, endometrioid, clear cell, minimal deviation adenocarcinoma subtypes. The most frequent subtype was endocervical adenocarcinoma(51%) and the endometrioid subtype showed slightly higher incidence rate(13%) in comparison to the previous studies. (3) Coexistent squamous lesions ranging from mild dysplasia to invasive carcinoma were found in 4 out of 7 cases(57%) of adenocarcinoma in situ and 18 out of 62 cases(29%) of invasive adenocarcinoma. Severe dysplasia and carcinoma in situ comprised most(77%) of them. (4) Analyses of histopathological and clinical characteristics of adenocarcinoma of the uterine cervix revealed positive correlations between tumor size or mucin leakage and depth of invasion. The prognostic factors in relation to lymph node metastasis were considered to be th stage of disease, the size of tumor, mucin leakage in the stroma, and histologic subtypes.
Incidence ; Adenocarcinoma ; Neoplasm Metastasis

The purpose of this study was to investigate the displacements of cast framework by torch soldering and electric soldering techniques. Specimen had two cylinders and connecting bar that had sectioned with 0.3mm gap at mid point. 10 of total specimens were divided into two groups. In torch soldered group, soldering investment block was made and conventional torch soldering procedure was carried out. In electric soldered group, electric soldering was carried out on the master cast without soldering investment block by using electric soldering machine(Dentapunkt DP 7, Kulzer, Germany). After soldering procedure, three dimensional coordinates of two centroids of each cylinder were measured by three dimensional coordinate measuring machine. The intercentroidal displacement and global displacement were calculated and then, these values were compared and evaluated. The results were obtained as follows: 1. Intercentroidal distances of specimens decreased after both soldering procedures, and the decrease in intercentroidal distance was greater for torch soldered group than for electric soldered group 2. Global displacements of torch soldered group were greater than those of electric soldered group
Investments

An antrochoanal polyp is a solitary polypoid mass that arises from the maxillary sinus, and protrudes through the natural ostium into the middle meatus, and reaches the choana, The polyp does not differ histologically from an ordinary nasal polyp, which is composed of edematous, hyperplastic submucosal connective tissue stroma, and is relatively hypocellular, In this sequence of events. Its computed tomographic(CT)findings are characteristic. We retrospectively analyzed CT studies of nine cases, all of which showed similar CT findings; a solitary, homogeneous, hypodense mass without bony destruction that extends from the maxillary sinus through the widened ostium into the choana.
Connective Tissue ; Maxillary Sinus ; Nasal Polyps ; Polyps* ; Retrospective Studies

In order to provide some basic data for the control of air water pollution in Korea, the suthors have estimated the amount of air and water pollutant emitted from industries which are employed over 20 employes. This study have done from July 1, 1972 to the end March 1973. The results are as follows: 1. Total number of establishments tith over 20 employees is 5,197 in Korea and the largest gorup establishments was the manufacturing of texttiles with 1,363 establishments(26.2%). 2. By order of number of employees it was observed that there 2,800 industries with 20-59(53.9%) employees, 1,101 with 50-99(21.2%), 571 with 100-199(11.0%), 501 with 200-499(9.6%) and 225with over 500(4.3%) respectively. 3. By order of regional distribution, it was observed that there were 2,257 industries in Seoul (43.3%) and 736 industries in Pusan(14.2%). 4. Industrial coal consumption was 596,154 M/T in 1972, but it'11 be 315,000 M/T in 1980, Fuel consumption was 4,972,000 K1 in 1972, and estimated volume will be 19,3700,000 K1 in 1980. 5. Ttotal amounts of air polutants emitted from industris by fuel combustion were sulfur oxides 79,459 tons, carbon monoxide 33,908 tons, particulate 31,304 tons and hydrocarbon 30,280 tons in 1972 but in 1990 there will be sulfur oxides 1,010,474 tons, nitrogen oxides 204,575 tons, carbon monoxide 68,014 tons, particulate 64,820 tons and hydrocarbon 67,622 tons, respectively. 6. Annual emitted air pollutants through the working processes were sulfur oxides 91,250 tons and nitrogen oxides 32,485 tons in 1972, but sulfur oxieds 118,625 tons and nitrogen oxides 42,555 tons will be present in 1980, respectively. 7. Annual emitted air pollutants by national unit area amounted to 0.77 tons/km2/year in 1965 and 14.7 ton/km2/year in 1980. 8. Total industrial wastes from all industries in Korea were estimated at 810,360 tons/day in 1972; manufacturing of chemicals and plastic products showed the highest amount of wastes at 470,000 tons/day. 9. The amounts of water pollutants due to industrial wastes were the .B.O.D., 471.5 tons/day,suspended solid 331.5 tons/day, CN, 2.3 tons/day, and Cr. 3. 4 tons/day in 1972, but it might be evident of a B.O.D of 3.388 tons/day, suspended solid 2,544 tons/day, CN 20.1 tons/day, and 26.5 tons/day in 1990. 10. Total population equivalent of B.O.D. was 943,000 in 1972, and the estimated value in 1990 will be6, 780, 000.
Air Pollutants ; Carbon Monoxide ; Coal ; Industrial Waste ; Korea* ; Nitrogen Oxides ; Plastics ; Seoul ; Sulfur ; Sulfur Oxides ; Water Pollutants* ; Water Pollution

BACKGROUND: Epidural morphine has side effects, especially pruritus, nausea, and vomiting. Butorphanol has been added in studies to reduce these side effects in post cesarean patients. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the side effects and analgesic efficacy when a combination of epidural morphine and butorphanol was administered in patients having combined local anesthetic and opioid epidural infusion. METHODS: Sixty patients having epidural anesthesia for cesarean section were randomly divided into two groups. Group M (n=30) received a bolus of 0.25% bupivacaine 4 ml, morphine 2 mg, and saline 0.75 ml, whereas group B (n=30) received a bolus of 0.25% bupivacaine 4 ml, morphine 2 mg, and butorphanol 1.5 mg (0.75 ml). Continuous epidural infusion was done by Two-day Infusor containing either 0.25% bupivacaine 75 ml, morphine 5 mg, and saline 20 ml in group M or 0.25% bupivacaine 75 ml, morphine 5 mg, butorphanol 4 mg (2 ml), and saline 18 ml in group B. We compared the side effect and analgesic effect of group M to those of group B for 2 days. RESULTS: The incidence of pruritus and vomiting were reduced significantly in group B (p<0.05). There were no significant differences between both groups in the incidence of nausea or other side effects as well as no differences in analgesic effect. CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that the addition of butorphanol to morphine in combined local anesthetic and opioid epidural infusion for postoperative analgesia decreases the occurrence of pruritus and vomiting without significant increase of other side effects and adverse effect on analgesia.
Analgesia ; Anesthesia, Epidural ; Bupivacaine ; Butorphanol* ; Cesarean Section* ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Infusion Pumps ; Morphine* ; Nausea ; Pregnancy ; Pruritus ; Vomiting

No abstract available.
Humans ; Spinal Stenosis*