No abstract available.
Anoxia* ; Cochlea* ; Diuretics* ; Guinea*

Fifty four consecutive total knee arthroplasties were reviewed to compare the accuracy of extramedullary versus intramedullary tibial resection guides. An extramedullary guide ( Group I ) was used in 25 cases and an intramedullary guide ( Group 2 ) was used in 29 cases. Group 1 system included the LCS knee system and Group 2 system included the Whiteside Ortholoc Advantim total condylar knee system. Preoperatively, the two groups were similar, with no statistical significant differences observed in diagnosis, alignment, and patient age. Postoperative tibial component alignment angles were similar in both group (Group 1, 0.8degrees varus; Group 2, 1.1degrees varus ). In group 1, 84% of tibial components were aligned within 2degrees of the 90degrees goal and in group 2, 83% of tibial components were aligned within the same range ( p > 0.05 ). In all cases, an intramedullary guide was used to prepare the distal femur. In femorotibial angles, with group 1 averaging 4.2degrees valgus versus 4.7degrees valgus in group 2 (p > 0.05). If the optimal femorotibial angle was defined by the range from 5+/-2, it was achieved in 76% in Group 1 and 72% in Group 2 ( p > 0.05 ). This study demonstrates no significant differences between the extramedullary and intramedullary group not only in optimal tibial component alignment angle but also in optimal femorotibial angle. This means that each system is satisfactory for the tibial side, but it is more important for the surgeon to appreciate that the indications, potential limitations and sources of errors are unique to each system and to decide which system to use according to the particular case in question.
Arthroplasty* ; Diagnosis ; Femur ; Humans ; Knee*

No abstract available.
Bleomycin* ; Lymphangioma, Cystic*

No abstract available.
Guinea*

One of various decompression methods in treatment of spinal stenosis is the indirect instrumental decompression. Theoretically, the distraction of the disc space can widen the intervertebral foramen of the stenotic segment and even increase the canal diameter by distracting the posterior annulus as well as reduce the extent of decompressive laminectomy site. The indirect instrumental decompression, however, was not guaranteed to maintain the restored discal height because of the loss of fixation strength between rod and screw, viscoelasticity of vertebra itself, bone density, type of screw and rod, and operative technique. As well the magnitude of the stresses on the instrumentation particularly at the rod-screw interface may depend on rod-contouring in order to make mormal sagittal curvature of the lumbar spines. Therefore, the aim of this experimental study was to evaluate the effect of different rod-contour on the axial sliding strength in Compact Cotrel-Dubousset (CCD) instrumentation. Axial sliding strength was tested by Universal Test Machine (Instron). Test was performed for 3 groups of different rodcontouring on the biomechanical axial strength: straight rod (no contour), 10 and 20 contouring rod. The length of contact surface between rod and screw was measured with Fuji pressure sensitive film. The study was performed using 6.5 mm open body screws and 7 mm rods of CCD instrumentation. Axial sliding strength of straight rod was 2518.6N, 1871.8N in 10 and 1528.8N in 20 contouring rod. The length of contact surface between rod and screw significantly decreased according to degree of rod contouring; 9.88mm in straight rod, 9.08mm in 10 and 8.57mm in 20 contouring rod. There was a statistically significant linear correlation (R=0.96) between failure load and length of contact surface. Therefore, this study has shown that excessive contour of the rod in order to make normal sagittal curvature of the lumbar spine using CCD instrumentation cannot provide sufficient axial sliding strength. That may be a cause of loss of restored disc space height after surgery.
Bone Density ; Decompression ; Laminectomy ; Spinal Stenosis ; Spine

STUDY DESIGN: A retrospective analysis was performed on 40 patients who had had previous lux bar spine surgeries. OBJECTIVE: To determine what factors most influenced surgical outcome and to analyze results in a series of revision lumbar surgeries. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: Satisfactory surgical outcome of the revision lumbar surgery range from 28% to 82% and are rarely comparable to primary surgery. Many factors predicting outcome from repeat lumbar surgery haute been listed. METHODS: Forty patients were analyzed who had had previous lumbar surgeries. The patients were classified into 5 groups according to diagnosis: 3 Infection,5 instability,8 nonunion, 14 HNP and 10 spinal stenosis. of 40 patients,33 patients(82.5%) underwent fusion with instrumentation for repeat surgery. Their clinical course was followed for a minimum of 1 year. The number of surgery on each mpatient was 1.3 times on an average. RESULTS: Overall, 80% of patients had a satisfactory result. Obviously extruded or sequestrated HNP in MRI findings, complete block of contrast with severe radiculopathy and/or myelopathy in spinal stenosis, complete decompression, neurolysi s and fusion with instrumentation, and longer than 6 month pain relief after precious surgery were correlated with satisfactory outcome. However, the number of precious operation, age, repair of pseudarthrosis , no abnormality at surgery and combined multiple degenerative joint disease were significantly correlated with poor surgical outcome. The most common complication during repeat surgery was dural tear in 5 cases(12.5%). CONCLUSIONS: Success rate of revision surgery was low as compared to primary operation. Therefore, erroneous diagnosis and faulty surgical technique understandably lead to failure, and precise attention to preoperative and intraoperative detail can minimize these sources of error.
Decompression ; Diagnosis ; Humans ; Joint Diseases ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Pseudarthrosis ; Radiculopathy ; Reoperation ; Retrospective Studies ; Spinal Cord Diseases ; Spinal Stenosis ; Spine* ; Tears

In the March 2009 edition of the Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society, we published an article entitled "Unilateral Lumbosacral Facet Interlocking without Facet Fracture" (Volume 45, pages 182-184). Fig. 1B on page 183 was supposed to be printed in color, but it was printed in black by mistake. We apologize to the authors and readers of JKNS for any inconvenience.

No abstract available.
Lung Neoplasms* ; Lung*

No abstract available.
Coronary Artery Bypass* ; Saphenous Vein*