No abstract available.
Cadaver* ; Fascia Lata* ; Fascia*

PURPOSE: We investigated the technical feasibility and clinical results of percutaneous bladder neck suspension(PBNS) using bone anchors(Vesica) which represents a minimally invasive surgical procedure for the treatment of stress urinary incontinence caused by hypermobility of the proximal urethra and bladder neck. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Among women who underwent PBNS using bone anchors for type I or type II stress urinary incontinence, 22 women were followed for at least postoperative 9 months. A miniature bone anchor was used. On each side the suture was attached to the pubocervical fascia and the vaginal wall via a broad ?Z-stitch?. Postoperative voiding status was evaluated during office follow-up visits and telephone surveys. RESULTS: Mean operation time was 32 minutes. Mean hospital stay was 0.9 days. Mean follow-up was 13 months(9 to 18 months). In the 22 patients, the procedure was successful in 18 cases(82%), with 11(50%) of the patients completely dry and 7(32%) significantly improved. Preoperative urgency was present in 10 patients(45%). Postoperative resolution rate of urgency was 60%(6 of 10 patients). In 4 cases(18%), de novo urgency was documented. Removal of the bone anchor and suture was necessary in only one patient, because of persistent vaginal infection. Other complications were transient urinary retention in 3 patients(14%), prolonged suprapubic discomfort in 1 patient(4.5%) and incidental bladder perforation in 1 patient(4.5%). Major complications such as chronic urinary retention, osteitis pubis were not noted. CONCLUSIONS: The use of this bone anchoring technique and preservation of the endopelvic fascia appears to enhance the success rate without increasing the risk to the patient and, as minimally invasive procedures, reduce the surgery time and the length of hospitalization. However, the suspension sutures of PBNS may pull through the paraurethral tissue because there is no paravesical scar formation as in open procedures. Therefore we conclude that modifications of the suspension technique should be required for the improvement of long-term results.
Cicatrix ; Fascia ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hospitalization ; Humans ; Length of Stay ; Neck* ; Osteitis ; Suture Anchors* ; Sutures ; Telephone ; Urethra ; Urinary Bladder* ; Urinary Incontinence* ; Urinary Retention

PURPOSE: We evaluated the early outcomes of Gortex patch sling operation in the management of women with intrinsic sphincter deficiency(ISD). MATERIALS AND METHODS: 20 women underwent Gortex patch sling operation to treat genuine stress urinary incontinence and all patients had ISD. Patients were interviewed by telephone for incontinence, self-catheterization, and voiding symptoms at a mean of 16.6 months(range 6-35) after surgery. RESULTS: The mean age of the patients was 54.2 years and mean parity was 2. Mean operation time was 55 minutes(range 45-90) and mean duration of postoperative catheterization was 7.0 days(range 5-12). Success rate(complete dry) was 90% and de novo urge incontinence occurred in 3(15%). CONCLUSIONS: Gortex patch sling operation is a safe, simple and effective procedure for the treatment of stress incontinence due to ISD. However, further follow-up of longterm results is needed.
Catheterization ; Catheters ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Parity ; Telephone ; Urinary Incontinence ; Urinary Incontinence, Urge

The correlation between facial pain and/or headache in patients with chronic sinusitis and localized findings on paranasal sinus omputed tomography (CT) are poorly understood. So we prospectively evaluated the relationship of paranasal sinus pain symptoms with CT imaging. Fifty eight patients with headache and/or facial pain rated their pain in 9 areas at the time of CT scanning and 2 months after endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS). We scored the degree of air-fluid level, mucosal thickening, and mucus retention cysts using a grade scale of severity. The ostiomeatal unit, middle meatus and nasofrontal duct were also evaluated for patency. Bivariate analysis was performed to evaluate the relationship between patients' pain, that was improved after ESS and CT findings. Among 58 patients who had facial pain and/or headache at the time of CT scan, the pain improved in 51 patients after ESS. Bivariate analysis failed to show any relationship between pain symptoms and CT findings in 51 patients. This study suggests that findings on CT do not routinely correlate with the patients' symptoms of facial pain or headache. CT should therefore be reserved for delineating the anatomy and degree of sinus disease before surgical intervention.
Facial Pain ; Headache ; Humans ; Korea* ; Mucus ; Prospective Studies ; Sinusitis ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

BACKGROUND: Hypertension is the most important, and yet modifiable, risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. But in many countries, hypertension remains poorly controlled. Moreover, sleep apnea syndrome has shown that it is correlated with hypertension. The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence, awareness and control of hypertension among the Korean people and to evaluate the relationship between hypertension and snoring. METHODS: A total of 640 subjects living in Ansan, a regional city in Korea, were selected randomly, and trained nursing students investigated their age, sex, medical history, blood pressure, body mass index (BMI) and snoring score. Blood pressures were measured three times with a 10 - minute interval and then averaged. The degree of snoring was estimated using a questionnaire. We divided the subjects into hypertensive (BP> OR =140/90 mmHg) versus normotensive group and snorer versus non-snorer group, and correlated hypertension with snoring. RESULTS: Of 640 subjects, 311 were male. The mean age was 39.7+/-14.6 years (18-77 years), the mean BMI (body mass index) was 22.4+/-3.0 kg/m2. The mean systolic and diastolic blood pressure was 121+/-15.7 mmHg and 79.5+/-11.6 mmHg. The prevalence and awareness of hypertension were 22.2% and 16.9%, respectively, and the prevalence of snoring was 35.2%. With the increment of age, in the male, the prevalence of hypertension and snoring were higher, and the snorer group showed a higher risk of hypertension than the non-snorer group (Odds ratio 2.32, CI=1.56-3.39, p=0.0001). CONCLUSION: In Korea, the prevalence of hypertension was similar to that in the western countries, but the awareness of hypertension was much lower compared with western countries. The prevalence of hypertension was higher in the snorer group, so more research on the correlation between the two conditions should be advanced in the future.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Age Distribution ; Aged ; Comorbidity ; Comparative Study ; Confidence Intervals ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Female ; Human ; Hypertension/diagnosis/*epidemiology ; Korea/epidemiology ; Male ; Middle Age ; Odds Ratio ; Prevalence ; Probability ; Risk Assessment ; Sex Distribution ; Snoring/diagnosis/*epidemiology

BACKGROUND: Analysis of mutations in the epidermal growth factor receptor gene (EGFR) is important for predicting response to EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors. The overall rate of EGFR mutations in Korean patients is variable. To obtain comprehensive data on the status of EGFR mutations in Korean patients with lung cancer, the Cardiopulmonary Pathology Study Group of the Korean Society of Pathologists initiated a nationwide survey. METHODS: We obtained 1,753 reports on EGFR mutations in patients with lung cancer from 15 hospitals between January and December 2009. We compared EGFR mutations with patient age, sex, history of smoking, histologic diagnosis, specimen type, procurement site, tumor cell dissection, and laboratory status. RESULTS: The overall EGFR mutation rate was 34.3% in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and 43.3% in patients with adenocarcinoma. EGFR mutation rate was significantly higher in women, never smokers, patients with adenocarcinoma, and patients who had undergone excisional biopsy. EGFR mutation rates did not differ with respect to patient age or procurement site among patients with NSCLC. CONCLUSIONS: EGFR mutation rates and statuses were similar to those in published data from other East Asian countries.
Adenocarcinoma ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Biopsy ; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung* ; Diagnosis ; Epidermal Growth Factor* ; Female ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms ; Mutation Rate ; Pathology ; Protein-Tyrosine Kinases ; Receptor, Epidermal Growth Factor* ; Smoke ; Smoking

PURPOSE: We purpose to determine the correlation of HER-2/neu and paxillin expression in ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS), invasive ductal carcinoma with ductal carcinoma in situ (IDC with DCIS) and mucinous carcinoma. METHODS: To evaluate the expression of HER-2/neu and paxillin, the immunohistochemical staining was performed for 13 cases of DCIS, 13 cases of IDC with DCIS and 6 cases of mucinous carcinoma. RESULTS: The DCIS and IDC were associated with infiltration of the inflammatory cells, especially in the comedo type and solid type of tumor. In cases with infiltration of the inflammatory cells, HER-2/neu and paxillin were strongly expressed. When comparing the expression level of HER-2/neu from adjacent normal tissue between DCIS and IDC with DCIS, expression of HER-2/neu was similar to that of normal tissue adjacent to DCIS. However, in the adjoining normal ductal epithelial cells, paxillin was highly expressed in cells of all of the tumor types, and especially for IDC with DCIS. HER-2/neu and paxillin were not expressed in mucinous carcinoma cells in all cases. CONCLUSION: HER-2/neu in the DCIS and IDC with infiltration of inflammatory cells shows higher expression than non-inflammatory DCIS and IDC. If normal duct epithelial cells show a high level of HER-2/neu expression, the epithelial cells have a high probability of transformation into anaplastic cells. However, paxillin appears to have no value as a prognostic factor. The difference of expression of HER-2/neu between IDC with DCIS and DCIS suggests a different origin of tumor cells. The growth pattern of mucinous carcinoma cell is different from the that of DCIS or IDC cell, which grow slowly.
Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous ; Carcinoma, Ductal ; Carcinoma, Intraductal, Noninfiltrating ; Epithelial Cells ; Mucins ; Paxillin

Continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis(CAPD) is now the most important and effective therapeutic modality as well as hemodialysis(HD) and renal transplantation in patients with chronic renal failure. It is frequently recommended to diabetic renal failure patients because of poor, athersclerotic vascularity of them. Hyperglycemia and obesity are not uncommon complications of CAPD therapy. But there were only few reports of very severe hyperglycemia or hyperosmolar coma in CRF patients on CAPD therapy, especially with 7% dextrose CAPD dialysate in foreign countries in the past. Moreover, no specific management for hyperosmolar coma is established in those situations yet. In Korea, only three cases of hyperosmolar coma in non diabetic renal failure patient on CAPD therapy have been reported in one case report. And only one case among them whose CAPD therapy was changed to HD survived. Authors also experienced a case of diabetic hyperosmolar coma treated successfully with conversion to HD in chronic renal failure patient on CAPD therapy. So we report this case with a review of literature. Taken together with this case and review of literature, changing CAPD therapy to HD is regarded to be an important part of treatment when hyperosmolar coma develops in chronic renal failure patients.
Coma* ; Glucose ; Humans ; Hyperglycemia ; Kidney Failure, Chronic* ; Kidney Transplantation ; Korea ; Obesity ; Peritoneal Dialysis, Continuous Ambulatory* ; Renal Dialysis* ; Renal Insufficiency

Continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis(CAPD) is now the most important and effective therapeutic modality as well as hemodialysis(HD) and renal transplantation in patients with chronic renal failure. It is frequently recommended to diabetic renal failure patients because of poor, athersclerotic vascularity of them. Hyperglycemia and obesity are not uncommon complications of CAPD therapy. But there were only few reports of very severe hyperglycemia or hyperosmolar coma in CRF patients on CAPD therapy, especially with 7% dextrose CAPD dialysate in foreign countries in the past. Moreover, no specific management for hyperosmolar coma is established in those situations yet. In Korea, only three cases of hyperosmolar coma in non diabetic renal failure patient on CAPD therapy have been reported in one case report. And only one case among them whose CAPD therapy was changed to HD survived. Authors also experienced a case of diabetic hyperosmolar coma treated successfully with conversion to HD in chronic renal failure patient on CAPD therapy. So we report this case with a review of literature. Taken together with this case and review of literature, changing CAPD therapy to HD is regarded to be an important part of treatment when hyperosmolar coma develops in chronic renal failure patients.
Coma* ; Glucose ; Humans ; Hyperglycemia ; Kidney Failure, Chronic* ; Kidney Transplantation ; Korea ; Obesity ; Peritoneal Dialysis, Continuous Ambulatory* ; Renal Dialysis* ; Renal Insufficiency

BACKGROUND: Pitted keratolysis is a superficial bacterial infection which usually affects the pressure bearing areas of the feet. Some bacterial organisms were identified as etiologic agents, including Corynebacterium species, Micrococcus species and Dermatophilus congolensis. However, in Korea, studies to prove the causative organisms have not been performed. OBJECTIVE: We performed this study to identify causative organisms of pitted keratolysis in Korea. METHOD: Twelve normal healthy men and 27 pitted keratolysis patients were enrolled. We cultured the scraped specimens of the stratum corneum and identified the cultured organisms. We compared the cultured organisms of pitted keratolysis group with those of control group. We also compared the distribution of cultured organisms in pitted keratolysis with and without tinea pedis. RESULT: Micrococcus species and Corynebacterium species were identified in pitted keratolysis group much more frequently than in normal control group. In most cases of pitted keratolysis combined with tinea pedis, the identified organisms were Micrococcus species. CONCLUSION: Micrococcus species and Corynebacterium species are thought to be the major causative organisms of pitted keratolysis in Korea. Micrococcus species might play a certain antagonistic role, especially in patients of pitted keratolysis with tinea pedis.
Bacterial Infections ; Corynebacterium ; Foot ; Humans ; Korea ; Male ; Micrococcus ; Tinea Pedis