BACKGROUND: The consensus is that a bony Bankart lesion shorter than 25% of the length of glenoid does not affect the clinical result; hence, such lesions were often neglected. However, small bony Bankart lesions are associated with various types of capsulolabral lesions. METHODS: A total of 82 patients who had undergone arthroscopic capsulolabral lesion repair surgery for anterior shoulder dislocation were reviewed. The prevalence rates of early and late type of capsulolabral lesions were compared between a group of patients with and a group without small bony Bankart lesions. In addition, the types of accompanying capsulolabral lesion were analyzed according to the type of bony Bankart lesion. Finally, the clinical outcomes were evaluated (active range of motion, American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons score and Rowe's score). RESULTS: Among the 13 patients who had small bony Bankart lesions, the prevalence rate of early and late type of capsulolabral lesions was 38.5% and 61.5%, respectively. Among the 69 patients without bony Bankart lesion, the prevalence rates of early and late type of capsulolabral lesions were 74% and 26%, respectively. Significantly worse clinical outcome was observed for the group of patients with both small bony Bankart lesions and late type of capsulolabral lesion. CONCLUSIONS: More severe type of small bony Bankart lesion appears to be associated with late type of capsulolabral lesion. The significantly worse clinical outcome for patients with both small bony Bankart lesion and late type of capsulolabral lesion indicates that small bony Bankart lesions cannot always be neglected.
Consensus ; Elbow ; Humans ; Prevalence ; Range of Motion, Articular ; Shoulder Dislocation* ; Shoulder*

No abstract available.
Parkinsonian Disorders*

BACKGROUND: Although the wet earwax has been known to be related with the incidence of tinea versicolor, very little has been revealed on how they are correlated with each other. The incidence of Malassezia furfur, the etiological organism of tinea versicolor, and its population densities as yearst and mycelial form in the different types of earwax, the dry and the wet, have not been studied. METHODS: The type of earwax in 65 patients with tinea versicolor were classified into 2 types, dry and wet, by its appearence and the subjective complaints of the patients. The dry and wet cerumens were obtained from 142 and 49 individulas without tinea versicolor respectively. The cerumens were stained with 10% Parker ink-KOH solution. The incidence and its population densities of yeast and mycelial M. furfur in the wet cerumens were compared with those in the dry cerumens according to a new grading method using bacterial index(BI) of lepra bacilli. RESULTS: 1. Dry and wet earwax were observed in 58.5%(38 cases) and 41.5%(27 cases) of 65 patients respectively. 2. The incidence of yeast M. furfur in the dry and wet cerumens were 100% and 63.3%(31 of 49 cases) respectively, and that of mycelial M. furfur, 28.2%(40 of 142 cases) and 32.7%(16 of 49 cases) respectively. 3. The population densities(from 3+ to 6+) of yeast M. furfur in the dry and wet cerumens were ob served in 93.0%(132 of 142 cases) and 49.0%(24 of 40 cases), and those(3+) of mycelial M. furfur, 21.1%(30 of 142 cases) and 24.5%(12 of 49 cases) respectively. CONCLUSION: The incidence(41.5%) of wet earwax in tinea versicolor patients is significantly higher than that(0.8%) in The Korean control group. The ratio between the incidence of mycelial M. furfur and that of yeast M. furfur in the wet cerumens is higher than in the dry cerumens, and the ratio of population densities in the wet cerumens is also higher. These observations suggest that the skin surface conditions of the wet earwax group may be more suitable for yeast-mycelial transformation of M. furfur than those of the dry earwax group. The comparison of chemical compositions of the skin surface between dry and wet earwax groups is needed to elucidate the correlation between tinea versicolor and the types of earwax in the future.
Cerumen ; Humans ; Incidence* ; Malassezia* ; Population Density* ; Skin ; Tinea Versicolor* ; Tinea* ; Yeasts

Congenital vertical talus associating tarsal coalition, which is a very anomalous condition and causes severe rigid flat foot, is presented with literary reviews. This case was treated with soft tissue release and triple arthrodesis.
Arthrodesis ; Flatfoot ; Talus

An automated percutaneous lumbar discectomy(APLD) have been apphed for contained lumbar disc herniation. But suggested that more exclusion criteria than disc containment was needed to improve success rate. The purposes of this study are to evaluate cIinical outcome of more than 4 years follow up of APLD, to analysis the cause of failure for longer follow up period, and to define prognostic factor of APLD. The l04 patients with contained lumbar disc herniation were treated with APLD from March 1990 to November 1992 in National Medical Center. The surgical candidates were contained focal disc herniation in MRI, sciatica than back pain, failure to conservative management at least 6 weeks and clinical and radiological correlation. And patient were excluded from this data if they had history of previous lumbar surgery and compensation claims. Among them 74 cases were followed up for over 4 years (Mean: 5.3 years). The results were accessed by questionnaire using telephone or OPD follow up. The overall success rate was 84% on 3 months follow up, but 68.9% on more than 4 years follow up by four subjective criterias (Onik, 1987). Causes of decreasing success rate were reoperation, recurrence without specific cause or after sprain and heavy work. 76% of failed cases occurred within 1 year and 40% of them underwent open discectomy. The patient sex, treated level, duration of symptom were not influenced on success rate, but age was factor related to success rate. In this study we can assess the effectiveness of APLD within 3 months in most cases and then change treatment option according to patients status, and it seems that we need more exclusion criteria than disc containment in MRI and refined patient selection in order to decrease the failures.
Back Pain ; Compensation and Redress ; Containment of Biohazards ; Diskectomy* ; Follow-Up Studies* ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Patient Selection ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Recurrence ; Reoperation ; Sciatica ; Sprains and Strains ; Telephone

Spinal stenosis is defined as any type of narrowing of the main spinal canal, nerve canal or foramina caused by bony or sourrounding soft tissues. Its pressure symptoms are characterized by ill localized back pain, and usually bilateral chronic sciatica. During the past 80 years, the knowledge subjected to the spinal stenosis has been inproved but still many problems are remaining to be solved. Recently, the diagnosis and treatment of spinal stenosis have been facilitated due to introduction of computerized tomographic scanning apparatus. During the period of 3 years, from May 1979 to March 1982, we experienced 40 cases of spinal stenosis at Han Gang Sacred Heart Hospital and Gang Nam Sacred Heart Hospital. In study of this 40 cases clinical and radiological evaluation were made and obtained following result (25 cases of which were operated on). 1. The most common type was degenerative one (50%) 2. There were 16 males and 24 females (4:5) 3. The age distribution showed a peak incidence is the third decade (25%) 4. The most common chief complaint on admission was ill localized chronic sciatica (50%) 5. Decompressive surgery was carried on 25 cases such as; Laminectomy only (8%), Posterolateral fusion (20%), Both Laniinectomy and posterolateral fusion (72%) 6. The longest follow-up was 3 years and the shortest one was 4 months and the average was one year and four months. The outcome of follow-up were; excellent (52%), good (40%), fair (8%), poor (0%).
Age Distribution ; Back Pain ; Diagnosis ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Heart ; Humans ; Incidence ; Laminectomy ; Male ; Sciatica ; Spinal Canal ; Spinal Stenosis

PURPOSE: To evaluate the incidence and risk factors of glaucoma after pediatric cataract surgery. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed 173 eyes which underwent pediatric cataract surgery from June 1998 to December 2009. The following parameters were ascertained: sex, laterality of cataract, age at diagnosis, age at surgery, cataract type, operation methods, optic capture, axial length (AXL), keratometry, follow-up period, and association of general abnormality. RESULTS: Out of the 173 eyes reviewed, 8.6% were diagnosed with glaucoma. The factors not significantly different in the glaucoma group compared to the non-glaucoma group were sex, laterality of cataract, age at diagnosis, AXL, and keratometry (p > 0.05). The incidence of glaucoma was significantly higher in the aphakic group compared to the pseudophakic group. Young age at surgery, no optic capture, pars plana lensectomy, sulcus IOL implantation, and nuclear type cataract were significantly associated with increased risk of postoperative glaucoma (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Patients with several predictors of postoperative glaucoma which may affect visual acuity may require extensive postoperative care after pediatric cataract surgery.
Cataract ; Eye ; Follow-Up Studies ; Glaucoma ; Humans ; Incidence ; Postoperative Care ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Visual Acuity

No abstract available.
Child* ; Humans ; Tuberculosis, Meningeal*

Various measurements of cerebral ventricles in 50 normal newborn infants were performed, using ultrasonography. In transverse scan using linear array real-time scanner with 3 MHz transducer, the ratio of the distance between the falx and lateral wall of lateral ventricle to the hemispheric width was measured, In coronal scan through the anterior fontanelle using gray scale B-mode scanner with 5 MHz trand ucer, the ratios of the bifrontal diameter of the lateral ventricles to externally measured biparietal diameter and to head circumference were measured. Width of frontal horn at 5mm distance from the lateral end of frontal horn was also measured. In addition, the presence of cavum septi pellucidi was investigated in coronal scan. The result are as follows; 1. The lateral ventricle/hemispheric width ratio in transverse scan was 0.31±0.03. 2. Bifrontal diameter of lateralventricle/biparietal diameter ratio was 0.20±0.02 and bifrontal diameter of lateral ventricle/head circumference ration was 0.054±0.006. 3. Width of frontal horn was about 1mm and maximum width was 2 mm. 4. There was no significant difference in ventricular size between male and female, and among different gestation ages. 5. Cavumsepti pellucidi was found in 44 neonates (88%) among 50 normal neonates in coronal scan.
Animals ; Cerebral Ventricles ; Cranial Fontanelles ; Female ; Head ; Horns ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Lateral Ventricles ; Male ; Pregnancy ; Transducers ; Ultrasonography

von Hippel-Lindau disease(VHL) is an autosomal dominant disorder, associated with tumors and cysts in multiple organ systems, whose expression and age of onset are highly variable There has been considerable progress in the molecular genetics of VHL disease. The VHL disease gene belongs to the family of tumor suppressor genes. The disease gene has been located in 6 to 8 centimorgan interval between RAF1 and D3S18, an anonymous DNA marker located at 3p26. It should be possible for the probe that flank the disease genes to identify carrier of the disease gene by DNA polymorphism analysis. We tested the feasibility of this approach by prospectively comparing the results of restriction fragment length polymorphism(RFLP) analysis with a comprehensive clinical examination in asymptomatic, at risk members of family with VHL disease. We found that RFLP analysis can distinguish VHL disease gene carriers from their healthy siblings. The result of this study suggests that the inheritance of the VHL gene was linked to RAF1. Deletions of chromosome 3p25-26 region were also detected in other VHL disease patient and a recurrent abortion case through karyotyping and RAF1 southern blotting. DNA polymorphism analysis can identify individuals likely to carry the VHL disease gene among asymptomatic members of disease families.
Abortion, Habitual ; Age of Onset ; Anonyms and Pseudonyms ; Blotting, Southern ; Diagnosis* ; DNA* ; Female ; Genes, Tumor Suppressor ; Genetic Markers ; Humans ; Karyotyping ; Molecular Biology ; Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length ; Pregnancy ; Prospective Studies ; Siblings ; von Hippel-Lindau Disease* ; Wills