Objective: To investigate the molecular changes in bladder urothelial carcinoma via different pathways. Methods:Polymerase-chain reaction (PCR) or coamplification at low denaturation temperature-PCR and Sanger direct sequencing were per-formed to detect the status of fgfr3, p53, and h-ras gene mutations in 88 tissue samples of human bladder cancer and 10 normal control tissues. The relative mRNA expression levels of motility-related protein-1 (MRP-1)/CD9 and the relationship between genes and tumor recurrence were also determined. Logistic regression and relative analyses were conducted to compare the significance and interrelation of genes among tumor recurrences. Results:The mutation rate of p53 increased as pathological grades and stages increased. Recurrence rate was higher in patients with MT-p53 genotype than in patients with WT-p53 genotype. Conversely, the mutation rate of fgfr3 gene decreased as pathological grades and stages increased. Recurrence rate was also higher in patients with WT-fgfr3 genotype than in pa-tients with MT-fgfr3 genotype. In low-grade and early stage tumors, MT-fgfr3/WT-p53 was the most prevalent genotype;in high-grade and late stage tumors, WT-fgfr3/MT-p53 was the most prevalent genotype. The mutations of h-ras were mainly observed in low-grade tumors in early stages. Moreover, the relative mRNA levels of MRP-1/CD9 decreased as pathological grades and stages increased. The mRNA levels of MRP-1/CD9 were negatively correlated with p53 mutations and positively correlated with fgfr3 mutations. Logistic re-gression analysis results showed that patients with WT-fgfr3 genotypes exhibited 3.88 times higher relative risk of tumor recurrence than those with MT-fgfr3 genotypes;by contrast, patients with MT-p53 genotypes exhibited 4.53 times higher relative risk of tumor re-currence than those with WT-p53 genotypes. Conclusion:Fgfr3 and h-ras gene mutations may play important roles in tumorigenesis of low-grade and early stage bladder cancer. p53 gene mutation and mRNA levels of MRP-1/CD9 may be implicated in the tumorigenesis of high-grade tumors in late stage of bladder cancer. In general, the two variants of urothelial carcinoma exhibit distinct genetic defects. fgfr3 gene mutation revealed a pathway of favorable prognosis, and p53 gene mutation demonstrated a pathway associated with poor prognosis.

Objective To investigate the clinical effect of Itopride and esomeprazole combining with deanxit in treating functional dyspepsia ( FD) .Methods Sixty-two patients meeting Rome Ⅲcriterion were randomly divided into the therapy groups which were treated with Itopride and esomeprazole combining with deanxit and the control groups which were treated with Itopride and esomeprazole for 4 weeks respectively .Symptom scoring was done before and after the treatment .Results The symptoms were remarkably improved , there was significant difference in the therapeutic effect between the two groups (P<0.05).The total efficiency was more obvious in the therapy group . Conclusion Itopride and esomeprazole combining with deanxit can produce an effect on the treatment of FD .Itopride and esomeprazole combining with deanxit has better clinical effect than Itopride and esomeprazole on the treatment of FD.

Objective To evaluate the days of hospitalization of acute transverse myelitis and its influencing factors.Methods File's of 158 patients with acute transverse myelitis as the first diagnosis in Feicheng Mining Centre Hospital were analyzed retrospectively.Access to the original medical records through the medical record number, and supplemented information, mainly including demographic data, neurological function defect degree, complications and complications.Results Hospitalization time was 4-41 d, an average of (17±6) d,including 23 patients hospitalized time ≤ 10 d(14.56％), 83 cases were ＞ 10-＜20 d(52.53％), 52 cases was≥20 d(32.91％).Age and Neurological score comparative differences are statistically significant (F=60.90,8.68, P＜0.05).Payment method, deep vein thrombosis, comparative differences were statistically significant(x2 =20.04, 14.27, 12.17,9.37,7.05;P＜0.05).There were ralationship between acute transverse myelitis with age, neurological score, payment (OR =1.140, 0.500,83.930,0.041;P＜ 0.005).Conclusion The degree of neurologic impairment is the most important influencing factors of acute transverse myelitis.Controlling hospital infection, preventing deep vein thrombosis, strengthening medical insurance management, are the effective ways to shorten the days of hospitalization of acute transverse myelitis.

Micro-ribonucleic acids (miRNAs) are endogenous single-stranded small non-coding RNAs. miRNAs bind to a com-plementary site in the 3' untranslated region of their target mRNAs through canonical base pairing, which can direct the degradation or translational repression of these transcripts. Thus, miRNAs can effectively silence the protein expression of target genes post-transcrip-tionally. miRNAs may also regulate the expression of oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes and could be involved in almost all known hallmarks of cancinogenesis. In this paper, we discuss the following in detail:(1) biogenesis and main functions of cellular miR-NAs, (2) stability and detectability of exosomal miRNAs in biological fluids;and (3) feasibility of miRNAs as a potential new class of biomarkers derived from urinary exosome in the malignancy of urinary system. Finally, we summarize studies on urinary exosomal miRNAs as potential biomarkers of prostate, bladder, and kidney cancers.

The lymphatic vessel is one of the earliest routes for systemic neoplastic metastasis. But reports on research of the lymphatic vessel have been few compared to the study for tumor vessels. In the past few years,along with advances in understanding about the construction features of the lymphatic system,work has been done to determine the anatomic fundamentals of lymphatic metastasis. Many new specifi c markers of the lymphatic endothelium had been reported, which is useful to differentiate lymphatic vessels from capillary vessels. The lymphatic vessels are usually found in the animal tumor models, human tumors and peritumoral tissues. Furthermore, the molecular mechanism of lymph-angiogenesis has been discovered, which provide effective targets for anti-lymphatic metastasis of malignant tumors, make optimization of individualized treatment strategy possible to restrain lymph-angiogenesis of malignant tumors and so it could benefi t in improving patients' prognosis and survival.

0.05 ). MMSE, HDS scores of patients and the concentration of AVP could be obviously elevated (P

Objective To study the application of ultrasonic freestyle extended imaging(FEI) in thyroid,breast,artery,vein diseases.Methods Thirty-five patients with above mentioned diseases were examined by FEI and the images were analyzed.Results FEI could entirely show the scan region needed.It also could enhance image quality,show the physiologic radian of the body,measure the nidi accurately.Conclusion The FEI technology provides more image information and is of great help to improve the clinic diagnosis ratios.

Treatment and the clinical outcome of patients with head and neck cancer are determined by accurate staging and assessment of the cervical lymph nodes for metastases is an important step of this process. Ultrasonography, ultrasonography-guided fine needle aspiration (FNA), CT, MRI and PET/CT are used in the assessment of cervical lymph nodes. Ultrasonography guided FNA is advantageous in ease of application, minimumal invasiveness to patients, and less contraindications. Combined with cell block and molecular biology, FNA can be an effective tool for the diagnosis. The present article reviewed the diagnostic value of ultrasonography guided FNA in cervical lymph node assessment in patients with head and neck cancer.

Objective To evaluate surgical management of ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm (RAAA).Methods Clinical data of 36 RAAA patients undergoing emergent graft replacement or endovascular aortic repair (EVAR) from May 2002 to July 2013 were retrospectively analyzed.25 and 21 patients were associated with hypertension and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease respectively.33 patients were treated with graft replacement.3 patients received endovascular treatment and 1 patient converted to open surgery.Results Perioperative death occurred in 3 patients including severe hemorrhagic shock in 1 patient,cardiac arrest in 1 patient and multiple organ failure in 1 patient.During follow up for 3 to 61 months,no operation related complication,such as artificial graft infection happened.Conclusions Emergent operation including open surgery and EVAR is crucial for RAAA treatment.Early diagnosis,excellent operative techniques and effective perioperative management are measures conducive to lowering the mortality rate of RAAA.

Objective To investigate the effect of Astragalus and chemotherapy on the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)in non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC), microvessel density(MVD)and immune function.Methods 92 patients with NSCLC were divided into the study group and the control group, 46 cases in each group.Both groups were treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy and operation, and the study group was treated with astragalus polysaccharide.The expression of VEGF in cancer tissues, MVD and immune function were compared between the two groups.The short-term and long-term curative effect and the incidence of adverse reactions were recorded.Results After treatment, positive rates of VEGF, MVD and blood CD8+ were significantly decreased in two groups (P<0.05), showing study groupcontrol group (P<0.05).There were no significant differences between the two groups in short-term curative effect and 5 year survival rates.The incidence rates of side effects in the study group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P<0.05).Conclusion Adjuvant chemotherapy combined with intravenous infusion of Astragalus Polysaccharide can improve MVD, the expression of VEGF and immune function in patients with NSCLC.