BOP is made of N-Vinyl pyrrolidone-Methylmethacrylate monomer, polyamide fibres, and calcium glusconate. BOP is biocompatible, biodegradable, and osteoconductive matrix, easy to use and quite safe. Authors have operated 14 patients who has bilateral hernaiated nucleus pulposus, multiple herniated nucleus pulposus, or herniated nucleus pulposus accompanied with spinal stenosis, spondylolysis or spondylolisthesis in lumbosacral portion from September, 1989 till August, 1990. The results were satisfactory. We analysed this patients and report the method of ligamentoplasty with the discussions about spinal fusion and spinal instability.
Calcium ; Humans ; Nylons ; Spinal Fusion ; Spinal Stenosis ; Spine* ; Spondylolisthesis ; Spondylolysis

No abstract available.
Failed Back Surgery Syndrome*

No abstract available.
Humans ; Hyperhidrosis*

No abstract available.
Humans

Although cerebral vasospasm is the greatest cause of morbidity and mortality in patient who survive the ictus of subarachnoid hemorrhage(SAH), the pathogenesis of vasospasm remains unclear. However, recent advances in the research of vasospasm suggest that decreased vasodilator function and/or increased vasoconstrictor function are basic changes of cerebral vasculature after SAH. So, the present review will focus on the roles of nitric oxide(NO), cGMP, potassium channel, endothelin(ET), and protein kinase C(PKC) as they relate to SAH.
Endothelins ; Humans ; Mortality ; Nitric Oxide ; Potassium Channels ; Protein Kinase C ; Protein Kinases ; Subarachnoid Hemorrhage ; Vasospasm, Intracranial*

The aims of this study were firstly to investigate soft tissue reactions around single implant-supported crowns and secondly to compare soft tissue dimensions and conditions of the crowns in relation to interdental papillae, and lastly to investigate patients'esthetic satisfaction with their single implant-supported crowns according to the interdental papillae presence/absence. Twenty-nine patients(41 implants) whose single missing tooth in the maxillary anterior region had been replaced by single implant-supported crown participated for the study and various variables of soft tissue conditions, dimensions and crown dimensions were measured around the single implant-supported crowns at clinical examination and from study models and slides. The results showed that the soft tissue conditions around the single implant-supported crowns were similar to those around implants used for partially or totolly edentulous patients. Except for the high frequency of bleeding on probing, all other parameters revealed healthy conditions. The buccal sites of the crown had a shallow pocket comparing with other sites. At all sites of the crown, similar status of little inflammation was found. Mesial sites and central-incisor positioned implant-supported crowns had lower contact point position than distal sites and lateral-incisor positioned crowns, respectively. Mucositis index, probing depth and contact point position were significantly correlated with papillae index(p < 0.05). More inflammation and lower contact point position were found at the implant-supported crown with no interdental space than that with interdental space. Patients showed high esthetic satisfaction regardless of interdental space presence. The result indicated that, despite of their submucosal crown margins, single implant-supported crowns have soft tissue conditions as good as other implants used for the treatment of the different types of edentulism and a clinician can manipulate interdental papilla height by modifying crown shapes within the limits of not violating total esthetics.
Crowns ; Esthetics ; Gingiva ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Inflammation ; Mucositis ; Tooth

This study was performed to investigate the soft tissue changes around single implant-supported crowns during follow-up periods. Twenty patients(31 implants) whose single missing tooth in the maxillary anterior region had been replaced with an single implant-supported crown were recruited for the study. Crown length, soft tissue level and papilla height at the single implant-supported crowns were measured at follow-up examination and calculated from the slides taken at time of crown placement. as well Papilla index was scored from the slides taken at the time of crown placement and follow-up examination. A very little amount of recession occurred and the soft tissue level moved more apically and the papilla height increased significantly(p<0.01). Especially, both mesial and distal papilla index at single implant-supported crowns increased significantly during follow-up periods(p<0.001). When the two slides taken at the time of crown placement and follow-up were compared simultaneously, except one site, papillae size increased at all sites. From the results of the study, the interdental papillae at the single implant-supported crowns seemed to regenerate significantly and their crown margins were stable during follow-up periods. Hence it is indicated that various surgical interventions at on early stage to enhance soft tissue esthetics arourd single implants may be unnecessary.
Crowns ; Esthetics ; Follow-Up Studies ; Gingiva ; Longitudinal Studies* ; Retrospective Studies* ; Tooth

The aim of this study was to analyze various data of 120 non-submerged ITI implants placed in 64 korean adults. The data were retrieved from patients' charts and registered in the computer and coded for a statistical analysis. The results revealed that the most common type of edentulism was a distal extension case, and the largest number of implants were placed in the mandibular first molar position. Implants were placed more frequently in mandibular, posterior position than maxillary, anterior position, respectively. With respect to the implant diameter and length, an implant with 4.1mm in diameter and more than 10mm in length was the most common. Since a molar position was the most prevalent position for implant placement in korean patients, clinicians should be careful about implant diameter which can resist a strong occlusal force expected in the molar position. In addition, the distance to the mandibular canal and the floor of maxillary sinus should be considered to avoid possible damages, such as nerve injury and sinus perforation in selecting a proper implant length.
Adult ; Bite Force ; Dental Implants ; Humans ; Maxillary Sinus ; Molar

Implant material, implant design, surface quality, status of the bone, surgical technique, and implant loading conditions were regarded as prerequisites for osseointegration which is a prime condition for implant success. The aim of this review paper was to investigate the survival rate of single implants in relation to the prerequisites for osseointegration. Fifty-eight papers reporting survival rates of single implants were selected by use of the 'PubMed' and hand searching. The survival rate of single implants were assessed with reference to factors influencing osseointegration. The results showed that single implants in general showed a high survival rate except a few failures in certain extreme conditions and early stages. Those failures and complications such as screw loosening and esthetic problem were almost solved with the development of implant components and surgical techniques and a better understanding of biology around a single implant. Single-tooth implant-replacement is now considered as a reliable and predictable treatment option for a single missing tooth and its application seems to expand to compromised situations which were previously thought to be impossible for single implant therapy.
Biology ; Dental Implants ; Hand ; Osseointegration ; Survival Rate* ; Tooth

No abstract available.