Pulmonary subsolid nodules (SSNs) refer to the pulmonary pure ground-glass nodules and part-solid nodules. SSNs are frequently encountered in clinical settings, such as in screenings conducted with chest computed tomography. The main concern regarding pulmonary SSNs, particularly when they are persistent, has been a lung adenocarcinoma and the precursors to this condition. This review aims at describing the current understanding of the imaging features, histology, natural course, and to present the current management protocols based on the guidelines recently established by the Fleischner Society.

Primary pulmonary hypertension is a rar, incurable, and progressive clinical entity. When associated with pregnancy, the prognosis of primary pulmonary hypertension is worsened with maternal mortality rates of at least 50%. The patient was a 29-year-old mother in her 2nd pregnancy, with previous uncomplicated gestation, 5 years ago. She had been well until the 28th week of present gestation when she was admitted because of increasing dyspnea on exertion. She was a housewife with no remarkable family and past histories. We have experienced a patient with primary pulmonary hypertension in pregnancy. She was treated with an oral calcium-channel blocker and low-molecular-weight heparin and was delivered vaginally with good maternal and fetal outcome. So we report a case of primary pulmonary hypertension associated with pregnancy and review literature.
Adult ; Dyspnea ; Heparin, Low-Molecular-Weight ; Humans ; Hypertension, Pulmonary* ; Maternal Mortality ; Mothers ; Pregnancy* ; Prognosis

No abstract available.
Humans ; von Willebrand Diseases*

No abstract available.
Humans ; von Willebrand Diseases*

No abstract available.
beta-Glucosidase* ; Gaucher Disease*

OBJECTIVE: To measure the orientation of the facet joints of cervical spine (C-spine) segments in the sagittal plane, known as the pedicle-facet (P-F) angle, and to use these measurements to evaluate the relationship between the P-F angle and the amount of vertebral anterolisthesis in patients with degenerative cervical spondylolisthesis (DCS). METHODS: A retrospective case-control study was performed including 30 age- and sex-matched patients with DCS and 30 control participants. Anterior-posterior and lateral view radiographs of the C-spine were obtained in a standing position. The P-F angle at all cervical levels and the amount of anterolisthesis at C4-5 were measured from lateral view plain radiographs. RESULTS: The P-F angles at C4-5 were 141.14+/-7.14degrees for the DCS group and 130.53+/-13.50degrees (p=0.012) for the control group, and at C5-6 were 137.46+/-8.53degrees for the DCS group and 128.53+/-16.01degrees for the control group (p=0.001). The mean P-F angle at C4-5 did not correlate with the amount of anterolisthesis (p=0.483). The amount of anterior slippage did correlate with age (p<0.001). CONCLUSION: The P-F angle was intrinsically higher at C4-5, compared to C5-6, in both the DCS and control groups, which might explain the increased likelihood for anterolisthesis of C4. Higher P-F angles in the DCS group may be a predisposing factor to slippage. The P-F angle may interact with age to increase incidence of anterolisthesis with increasing age.
Case-Control Studies ; Causality ; Humans ; Incidence ; Retrospective Studies ; Spine ; Spondylolisthesis* ; Zygapophyseal Joint

PURPOSE: To compare the causes and clinical manifestations of pediatric ocular injuries according to grade level. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 78 children, 15 years and younger, who had been hospitalized for pediatric ocular injuries, classified them into three groups according to grade level, and compared their clinical manifestations. RESULTS: Eighteen (23.1%) were preschoolers, 39 (50.0%) were elementary school students, and 21 (26.9%) were middle and high school students. The most common causes of injury included toys and household goods at home in the preschool group, toys and sporting activity at home and school in the elementary school group, and sporting activity at school in the middle and high school group. The incidence of ocular injury was higher in the 'without supervision group' (57.7%); however, in the preschool group, it was higher (72.2%) even in the 'supervision group' (P<0.05). In the preschool group, the incidence of perforating ocular injury (P<0.05) and the rate of surgical treatment (P<0.05) were higher than those of other groups. CONCLUSIONS: The causes and clinical manifestations of pediatric ocular injury were different according to school degree. The incidence of pediatric ocular injuries can be decreased more efficiently by recognizing these differences.
Child ; Family Characteristics ; Humans ; Incidence ; Medical Records ; Organization and Administration ; Play and Playthings ; Retrospective Studies ; Sports

A Bednar tumor is a rare pigmented subtype of dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans (DFSP). The clinical and histopathological findings of Bednar tumors are identical to DFSP, except for the presence of melanin-containing cells within the lesion. We present a case of a Bednar tumor on the left anterior chest of a 58-years-old woman. It was presented as an asymptomatic, firm, hyperpigmented 1.8x2.7cm sized nodule with surrounding erythematous patch which had been present for over 35 years. The tumor was treated by wide local excision of the lesion. There has been no evidence of recurrence during a 1 year follow-up period.
Dermatofibrosarcoma ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Recurrence ; Thorax

PURPOSE: To report brain metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma presenting as homonymous hemianopia. CASE SUMMARY: A 51-year-old female with a history of hepatectomy and diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) 19 months earlier was referred to our neuro-ophthalmology clinic for evaluation due to headache and decreased visual acuity over the past several months. Best visual acuity was 20/20, and the results of all other aspects of our examination were normal except Humphrey automatic perimetry, which showed complete left homonymous hemianopia. Brain magnetic resonance imaging showed a large mass in the right occipital lobe. Craniotomy and removal of tumor were performed. HCC was confirmed by histopathologic examination. CONCLUSIONS: Metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma to the occipital lobe is extremely rare but can present as homonymous hemianopia. Therefore, clinicians should be aware of this when examining a patient with a history of HCC.
Brain ; Brain Neoplasms ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular* ; Craniotomy ; Diagnosis ; Female ; Headache ; Hemianopsia* ; Hepatectomy ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Metastasis* ; Occipital Lobe* ; Visual Acuity ; Visual Field Tests

Myxomas are the most common primary benign cardiac tumor. In general, myxoma has a benign growth and chronic entity, so symtoms of myxoma are vague and mild. Therefore the association of an atrial myxoma with acute pulmonary edema and syncope appears to be very rare. Even though very rare, detection of myxoma is important because it is usually fatal in several cases if unrecognized and untreated. We experienced a case of left atrial (LA) myxoma presenting as acute pulmonary edema and syncope of unknown cause in 47 years old female patient. A mass located on left atrium was excised en bloc, and the patient recovered uneventfully. We report the case along with literature review.
Female ; Heart Atria ; Heart Neoplasms ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Myxoma* ; Pulmonary Edema* ; Syncope