Pancreatic pseudocyst occurs as a complication of pancreatitis or trauma, which results in the escape of pancreatic enzymes from the parenchyma or ductal system of pancreas. At that time, serum amylase may have returned to normal level, and the patient may be subjectively asymptomatic. In this phase, the radiologic findings are relatively greater significance than laboratory data. In the conventional radiologic study, pancreatic pseudocyst have been frequently confused with other retroperitoneal mass, but recently with clinical application of ultrasound and CT scan, more accurate diagnosis can be obtained. The brief results are as follows; 1. Male to female ratio was 3:2 in 15 patients. Incidence was most common in young adult age. Most frequent symptom was epigastic pain, and which was noted in 11 cases of patients. 7 cases of patients had past history of abdominal trauma and past history of pancreatitis was only in 1 case. Most common laboratory finding was leukocytosis in 8cases of patients and elevated serum amylase was also noted in 7 cases. 2. In each 5 cases of patients, plain chest roentgenologic evidence of left side pleural effusion and hemidiaphragm elevation were observed. 3. On flat abdomen film, soft mass shadow was visualized in 8 cases of patients. On UGI series, evidence of retrogastric space widening was observed in 11 cases of patients. 4. The location of pseudocyst is mainly in body and tail of pancrease in 11 cases of patients. 5. More accruable diagnosis can be obtained through application of ultrasound and CT scan.
Abdomen ; Amylases ; Diagnosis ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Leukocytosis ; Male ; Pancreas ; Pancreatic Pseudocyst ; Pancreatitis ; Pancrelipase ; Pleural Effusion ; Tail ; Thorax ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Ultrasonography ; United Nations ; Young Adult

We reviewed MR angiograms to evaluate its efficacy for visualizing the renal arteries and detecting renovascular disease. 41 renal arteries in 19 patients were examined by MR angiography. 3-D time-of-flight technique was used as routine examination method for MR angiography and 2-D time-of-flight technique was added in some particular cases to visualize venous flow. Within two weeks after MR angiography was performed, 23 renal arteries in 10 patients were additionally examined by conventional angiography or intraarterial DSA. The success rates of vessel visualization on MR angiography in normal renal arteries were 100% in main 67.7% in segmental, and 11.8% in intrarenal arteries. As a result of comparative study in normal main renal arteries with MR angiograms and conventional angiograms, overall correspondence in the number and the shape was noted and the caliber discrepancy between two examination did not exceed 3.0 mm. one arteriovenous fistula with aneurysm, one stenotic artery and two occluded arteries were well evaluated One arteriovenous fistula with aneurysm, and two occluded arteries were well evaluated by MR angiography. However three stenotic lesions were misdiagnosed as occlusions on MR angiography. and the overall accuracy was 87%. We conclude that MR angiography has the potential to be a noninvasive and useful screening method for determining the number of renal arteries and for detection of abnormalities of main renal arteries.
Aneurysm ; Angiography* ; Arteries ; Arteriovenous Fistula ; Humans ; Mass Screening ; Methods ; Renal Artery*

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the surface roughness of Ni-Cr-Be alloy(Verabond ~, Aalba Dent Inc. USA) according to electrolyte concentration and etching time. Total of 150 metal specimens (12x 10 X 1.5mm) composed of 5 polisded specimens, 5 sandblasted specimens, 140 etched specimens were prepared. Etched groups were divided into 28 groups by the HC1O4 con= centrations(10, 30, 50, 70%) and etching times(15, 30, 60, 120, 180, 240, 300 seconds). The mean surface roughness(Ra) and the etching depth were measured with Optical 3-dimensional surface roughness measuring machine(Accura 1500M, Intek Engineering Co., Korea) and observed under SEM. The results obtaind were as follows 1. Surface roughness(Ra) and etching depth were affected by the order of etching time, electrolyte concentration, and their interaction (NO.05) . 2. Surface roughness(Ra) and etching depth were increased with etching time in 10%, 30% electrolyte concentrations, but they had no significant difference with etching time in 70%(P<0.05). 3. Surface roughness(Ra) and etching depth decreased in the order of 30, 10, 50, 70% electrolyte concentrations from 120 seconds etching time(p<0.05). 4. The remarkable morphologic changes in etched surface were observed along the grain boundaries in 15, 30 seconds of 10%, 30% concentrations and the morphologic changes could be denoted in the grains themselves as well as along the boundaries with the lapse of time. Even though the noticeable morphologic changes also took place in etched surface with 50% concentration, the degree of changes were less than that of changes with 10%, 30%. However, there were little morphologic changes with 70% concentration regardless of etching time. 5. Surface roughness(Ra) of sandblasting group with 50um A1203 had no significant difference with 30%-30 seconds etched group(p<0.05).
Alloys* ; Edible Grain

The Rastelli operation has been a standard procedure for repairing complete transposition of the great arteries combined with a ventricular septal defect and pulmonary stenosis. Yet this procedure has several shortcomings, including the risk of incurring left ventricular outflow tract obstruction on long-term follow-up. In this regard, aortic translocation has recently been regarded as a potent alternative to Rastelli's operation. We report here on a case of complete transposition of the great arteries that was combined with an inlet-extended perimembranous ventricular septal defect and pulmonary stenosis in a 2-year-old boy. All the problems were successfully repaired using the aortic translocation technique. Postoperative echocardiography showed a straight and wide left ventricular outflow tract.
Arteries ; Echocardiography ; Follow-Up Studies ; Heart Septal Defects, Ventricular ; Preschool Child ; Pulmonary Valve Stenosis ; Transposition of Great Vessels

We have presented an analysis of cases of liver abscess from the record of the Department of Pediatrics, Yonsei medical College, during the 10 year 8 months period from Jan. 1969 through Sept. 1979. The incidence of admission in pediatric was 0.05025%. There was male preponderance. The most frequently encountered symptoms and sings were fever and chill, anorexia, hepatomegale, pain and tenderness on right upper quadrant of abdomen. The pathogenetic mechanisms were lodgement in the liver of hematogenously dissemination, ascending infection of cholangitis, trauma. Cryptogenic liver abscess was seen in two cases. There were 5 cases of pyogenic liver abscess and 3 cases of amebic liver abscess. Undetermined etiology was noted in 2 cases. Roentgenography including scan is the most helpful diagnostic tool available. Only one patient with post-traumatic liver abscess was expired.
Abdomen ; Anorexia ; Cholangitis ; Fever ; Humans ; Incidence ; Liver Abscess* ; Liver Abscess, Amebic ; Liver Abscess, Pyogenic ; Liver* ; Male ; Pediatrics ; Radiography

Dextran 40, a polysaccharide with molecular weight of 40,000, has been used clinically for expansion of plasma volume, improvement of microcirculation in low flow states and thromboprophylaxis especially in major operation such as vascular and hip surgery. However severe anaphylactoid reaction to dextran 40 can occur rarely. We experienced a case of cardisc arrest due to a severe reaction of dextran 40 in a patient who underwent aortofemoral bypass surgery. The patient was resuscitated immediately and followed up carefully.
Dextrans* ; Heart Arrest ; Hip ; Humans ; Microcirculation ; Molecular Weight ; Plasma Volume

Dextran 40, a polysaccharide with molecular weight of 40,000, has been used clinically for expansion of plasma volume, improvement of microcirculation in low flow states and thromboprophylaxis especially in major operation such as vascular and hip surgery. However severe anaphylactoid reaction to dextran 40 can occur rarely. We experienced a case of cardisc arrest due to a severe reaction of dextran 40 in a patient who underwent aortofemoral bypass surgery. The patient was resuscitated immediately and followed up carefully.
Dextrans* ; Heart Arrest ; Hip ; Humans ; Microcirculation ; Molecular Weight ; Plasma Volume

PURPOSE: Kabuki syndrome is a rare syndrome of multiple congenital anomalies and mental retardation, which is characterized by a peculiar face resembles Kabuki actor, postnatal growth retardation, and skeletal abnormalities. The ocular feature such as strabismus, amblyopia, ptosis, blue sclera and long palpebral fissure with eversion of the lateral portion of lower eyelid can be seen in this syndrome. We experienced a Kabuki syndrome patient with ocular feature. CASE SUMMARY: A 6 years old girl visited ophthalmology department for frequent blinking, abnormal movement of eyelid. She showed growth retardation, high palate arch, bifid uvula and low hairline. Best corrected visual acuity was 0.5 in the right eye and 0.4 in the left eye. She also presented with mixed astigmatism (right: +sph 1.00;-cyl 3.00 Ax 180, left: +sph 1.00;-cyl 3.50 Ax 180). In addition, Marcus-Gunn jaw winking in her left eye and a long palpebral fissure were noted. She had intermittent exotropia and a tilted optic disc in the left eye.
Amblyopia ; Astigmatism ; Blinking ; Child ; Dyskinesias ; Exotropia ; Eyelids ; Female ; Humans ; Intellectual Disability ; Jaw ; Ophthalmology ; Palate ; Sclera ; Strabismus ; Uvula ; Visual Acuity

Postoperative acute renal failure is a major problem in surgical patients and may result from varieties of prerenal, renal, and postrenal causes. Mortality of this disorder was distressingly high despite improvement in dialysis and intensive general care. Clinical data from 31 patients with postoperative acute renal failure treated between 1989 and 1993 were reviwed. The results were summerized as follows: 1) There were 16 men and 15 women with a median age of 49 years. Twenty one(6896) of 31 patients were over 50 years old. 2) General surgery 14 cases(45%), cardiac surgery 11 cases(35%), neurologic surgery 3 cases, orthopedic surgery 2 cases and gynecologic surgery 1 case were performed. 3) Preoperative clinical characteristics were over 50 years old in 21 cases(68%), antibiotics in 9 cases(29%), infections in 6 cases, hypertention in 5 cases, diabetes mellitus in 4 cases, radiocontrast agent in 3 cases, jaundice in 3 cases, cardiovascular disease in 3 cases, emergeney operation in 10 cases(32%), and trauma in 4 cases. 4) Perioperative hypotension was 9 cases(29%) and massive blood transfusion was 20 cases(65%). Fourteen of the 31 patients(45%) received intraoperative diuretics, and twenty of 31 patients(66%) received diuretics within 24 hours after operation. 5) Enflurane(66%) was the most commonly used anesthetic, followed by intravenous anesthetics(16%), isoflurane(10%), and halothane(10%). 6) When acute renal failure was diagnosed, urinalysis showed gross or microhematuria in 27 cases (87%), pyuria in 10 cases(32%), and proteinuria in 21 cases(68%). Urine specific gravity in 7 patients(23%) were below 1.010. Routine CBC showed anemia less than 10 g/dl in 16 cases(52%), and thrombocytopenia less than 50,000/mm in 10 cases(32%). During postoperative period blood chemistry showed elevated BUN in most of the cases. BUN levels in 20 cases(65%) were above 60 mg/dl and serum creatinine levels in 26 cases(84%) were above 3mg/dl. Serum sodium levels in 4 cases were below 125 mEq/L and serum potassium levels in 11 cases(35%) were above 6 mEq/L. 7) Nineteen(61%) of 31 patients were nonoliguric type, nine(29%) were oliguric type and three(10%) were anuric type. Fourteen(45%) of 31 patients underwent hemodialysis. 8) Postoperative complications were developed in 25 cases(81%) and pulmonary complications were most common. 9) Median time interval between onset of acute renal failure and death was 18 days(rang to 45 days) and. median time to recovery was 24 days(range, 3 to 72 days). 10) Twenty(6496) of 31 patients were died. Main causes of death were respiratary failure, cardiac failure and sepsis. The high mortality rate was seen in patients with abdceninal operation(79%), postoperative complications(80%), over 50 years old(71%) and oliguric(78%) or anuric(100%) renal failure.
Acute Kidney Injury* ; Anemia ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Blood Transfusion ; Cardiovascular Diseases ; Cause of Death ; Chemistry ; Contrast Media ; Creatinine ; Diabetes Mellitus ; Dialysis ; Diuretics ; Female ; Gynecologic Surgical Procedures ; Heart Failure ; Humans ; Hypotension ; Jaundice ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Mortality ; Orthopedics ; Postoperative Complications ; Postoperative Period ; Potassium ; Proteinuria ; Pyuria ; Renal Dialysis ; Renal Insufficiency ; Sepsis ; Sodium ; Specific Gravity ; Thoracic Surgery ; Thrombocytopenia ; Urinalysis

Purpose: Spontaneous isolated dissection of the celiac artery (SID-CA) and superior mesenteric artery (SID-SMA) are rare vascular diseases with similar presentation, yet comparative studies have not been reported. In this study, we compared their characteristics with the aim of providing insights into their etiology. Materials and Methods: Patients diagnosed with symptomatic SID-CA and SIDSMA between July 2009 and December 2018 were included. Demographics, clinical presentation, radiologic findings, treatment strategies, and outcomes were analyzed. Results: Twenty-one patients with SID-CA and 40 patients with SID-SMA were compared. Demographics and initial abdominal pain characteristics were similar, but pain severity was significantly higher and associated mean fasting time was significantly longer in patients with SID-CA than in those with SID-SMA (fasting time 3.2 vs 2.1 days, P=0.001). Most patients were successfully treated conservatively without recurrent pain or aneurysmal dilatation, but 33.3% patients with SID-CA and 17.5% with SID-SMA required endovascular intervention. More favorable remodeling in terms of dissection regression on follow-up computed tomography was found after stenting, where patients with SID-CA showed better remodeling than those with SID-SMA. The overall median follow-up period was 22-31 months, while for patients with stent insertion, it was 55-77 months, and no stent occlusions were found during this period. Conclusion Patients with SID-CA presented with severer and longer-duration abdominal pain than those with SID-SMA. Stenting in both groups showed good long-term patency and favorable remodeling, with a higher regression rate for SIDCA. Based on our results, patients with SID-CA may benefit more from active endovascular intervention.