No abstract available.
Animals ; Embryonic Structures* ; Freezing* ; Mice*

No abstract available.
Colon* ; Humans* ; Morphine* ; Naloxone* ; Perfusion*

No abstract available.
Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel* ; Immunoblotting* ; Korea* ; Rickettsia typhi* ; Rickettsia*

Supracondylar fracture is the most frequent injury of the elbow and frequently accompanies complications in children. Seventy two cases of supracondylar fractures have been treated and managed at Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Catholic Medical College during the period from Jan. 1969 to Dec. 1972. The evaluation of fracture was done according to the classification of Holmberg and Hoyer. Among 72 cases of the supracondylar fracture, the most common type is 29 cases of Grade 2: (40.2%). Most cases were treated conservatively, and various method of treatment were adopted according to the condition of fracture. Residual angular deformities after successful manipulative reductiion can be accurately evaluated roentgenographically by the Baumanns method. Good results were obtained in 62.6%, fair results in 33.3%, and poor results in 4.1%. The incidence of cubitus varus deformity is 37.5%. There were no instance of ischemic contracture and no permanent neurological deficit in fracture cases.
Child ; Classification ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Elbow ; Humans ; Humerus ; Incidence ; Ischemic Contracture ; Methods

No abstract available.
Fractures, Bone* ; Hematoma*

No abstract available.
Aneurysm ; Femoral Artery

No abstract available.
Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal ; Stomach Neoplasms ; Stomach

BACKGROUND: Tetanic spasm is often noted in hyperventilating patients coming in to emergency departments. Classical explanation far this phenomenon was decreased ionized calcium levels due to respiratory alkalosis precipitated by the hyperventilation. Clinically these symptoms were observed in hypocalcemia and were thought as such without doubt. But clinical investigation on the levels of ionized calcium levels have not been clarified. Recent investigations on hyperventilating volunteers have suggested other pathophysiology for tetanic spasm in hyperventilating patients which is the decrement of ionized magnesium level rather than ionized calcium. We wanted to see if these results applied to our hypeventilating patients and see if ionized magnesium level was a factor producing tetanic symptoms. METHOD AND MATERIAL : 35 patients with diagnosis of hyperventilation syndrome by emergency physician were studied retrospectively. Hyperventilating patients arriving at Severance hospital Emergency Center from Jan.1996 to Feb. 1998 were included. Patients with cardiovascular, pulmonary diseases, history of renal or liver disease were excluded. Ion-selective method was used to detect ionized calcium, magnesium levels and arterial blood gas features. Average levels were compared to reference ranges and Wilkoxon-rank. sum test was used to compare hyperventilating patients with tetanic spasm and those with other symptoms such as dyspnea, chest pain and palpitations. RESULTS: 1) Sodium, potassium and chloride levels were 138mmol/L, 3.6mmo1/L, 106mmol/L each which were within a normal range. 2) Degrees of hyperventilation were similar with average of PH 7.54(7.4-7.71), pCO2 23.6mmHg, showing respiratory alkalosis. 3) Ionized calcium and ionized magnesium each showed 0.61mg/dL, 0.16mg/dL lower values than the lowest reference ranges which were 4.5-5.6mg/dL for ionized calcium and 1.19-1.63 for ionized magnesium. 4) No statistical difference points were observed between the tetanic spasm group and group without spasm. Female preponderance were noted in tetanic spasm group. CONCLUSION: We conclude that ogler than decrement of ionized calcium, decrement of ionized magnesium could be a factor far inducing tetanic spasm in respiratory alkalosis caused by hyperventilation.
Alkalosis, Respiratory ; Calcium* ; Chest Pain ; Diagnosis ; Dyspnea ; Emergencies ; Emergency Service, Hospital ; Female ; Humans ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Hyperventilation* ; Hypocalcemia ; Liver Diseases ; Lung Diseases ; Magnesium* ; Potassium ; Reference Values ; Retrospective Studies ; Sodium ; Spasm ; Volunteers

No abstract available.
Colon* ; Humans* ; Substance P* ; Tetrodotoxin*

The present study was intended to examine the effect of sodium vanadate on contractility of vascular smooth muscle. Aortic ring preparations were made from the rabbit thoracic aorta and endothelial cells were removed from the ring. The contractility of the aortic ring was measured under various conditions. The results were summarized as follows; 1) Sodium vanadate induced contraction of vascular smooth muscle in a dose-dependent fashion. 2) The contractile effects were not blocked by treatments with adrenergic blocking agent(phentolamine) and indomethacin, indicating the direct action of the drug on vascular smooth muscle. 3) In the presence of ouabain, Na(+)-K(+)-ATPase inhibitor, sodium vanadate still increased the contractility of vascular smooth muscle. 4) Treatment with 4.4'-diisothiocyanostilbene-2.2'-disulfonic acid(DIDS) blocked completely the contractile effects of sodium vanadate. 5) In the presence of verapamil, lanthanum and ryanodine, the contractility of the vascular smooth muscle by sodium vanadate was decreased. From the above results. it was suggested that sodium vanadate acts directly on vascular smooth muscle and causes contraction. It was probably due to inhibition of Ca(++)-ATPase in plasma membrane as well as increasing the release of Ca(++) from sarcoplasmic reticulum and Ca(++) influx across the plasma membrane, but not inhibition of Na(+)-K(+)-ATPase.
Aorta, Thoracic ; Cell Membrane ; Endothelial Cells ; Indomethacin ; Lanthanum ; Muscle, Smooth, Vascular* ; Ouabain ; Ryanodine ; Sarcoplasmic Reticulum ; Sodium* ; Vanadates* ; Verapamil