A black scab disease occurred on sword bean (Canavalia gladiata) in plastic film houses around Chinju area during the spring season of 1999. The disease started from flower bud, then moved to flower stalk, pod, petiole, cirrus, stem and leaves. The lesions started with small dark brown spots then were gradually expanded. Severely infected plants reached 37.4% of whole plant covered with scab. Numerous conidia were produced on the diseased flower disk, pod, floral axis, stem and leaves. Most of the conidia were appeared to be readily dispersed in the air, but the mycelia were not suggested causing of sooty mold by ectoparasitism. A fungus was isolated from the diseased stem, and inoculated to healthy plants to satisfy the Koch's postulates and proved the fungus was the causal agent of the disease. The isolated fungus grew on potato dextrose agar, forming greenish black to pale brown colonies. Conidia were ellipsoidal, fusiform or subspherical, mostly one-celled but occasionally septated. The conidia were 3.9~34.1x2.7~5.1microm in size and formed in long branched chains on the erected conidiophores which were pale olivaceous brown and variable in length between 7.2~210.7microm in size. Ramoconidia were 7.6~29.2x3.2~14.4microm in size. The fungus was identified as Cladosporium cucumerinum based on the above morphological characteristics. The optimum temperature for mycelial growth and conidial formation was about 15 to 25degrees C. Cladosporium scab of sword bean caused by the fungi has not been reported in Korea previously.
Agar ; Axis, Cervical Vertebra ; Cladosporium* ; Flowers ; Fungi ; Glucose ; Gyeongsangnam-do ; Korea* ; Plants ; Plastics ; Seasons ; Solanum tuberosum ; Spores, Fungal

A soft rot of fruits caused by Rhizopus nigricans occurred on peach (Prunus persica var. vulgaris ) in The Chinju City Agricultural Products Wholesale Marke during in summer season of 2000. The disease infection usually started from wounding after harvest fruits, and then moved to outside. At first, the lesions started with water soaked and rapidly softened and diseased area gradually expanded. In severely infected film house, the rate of infected fruits reached 65.2%. Numerous sporangiospores were produced on the diseased fruits. Most of the sporangiospores were appeared to be readily dispersed in the air. The mycelia grew surface of fruits and produced stolons. Colonies on potato dextrose agar at 25~30degrees C white cottony at first becoming heavily speckled by the presence of sporangia and the browinish black at maturity, spreading rapidly by means of stolons fired at various points to the substrate by rhizoids. Sporangia were 85.3~243.5x53.4~219.2microm in size and were globose or sub-globose with. somewhat flattened base. The color of sporangia was white at first and then turned black with many spores, and never over-hanging. Sporangiophores were 8.9~36.6microm in width, smooth-walled, non-septate, light brown, simple, long, arising in groups of 3~5 from stolons opposite rhizoids. Sporangiospores was 9.7~24.8x5.9~15.8microm, irregular, round, oval, elongate, angular, and browinish-black streaked. Columella was 70.2x149.7microm. brownish gray, and umberella-shaped when dehisced. The causal organism was identified as. Rhizopus nigricans Lind on the basis of the morphiogical characteristics of the fungus. Rhizopus soft rot on peach (Prunus persica ) caused by the fungi has not been reported in Korea. This is the first report of rhizopus soft rot on peach caused by Rhizopus nigricans in Korea.
Agar ; Fires ; Fruit ; Fungi ; Glucose ; Gyeongsangnam-do ; Korea* ; Prunus persica* ; Rhizopus* ; Seasons ; Solanum tuberosum ; Sporangia ; Spores ; Water ; Wounds and Injuries

Subungual exostosis are not uncommon, however, they are infrequently mentioned in the dermatologic literature. We report herein a rase of subungual exostosis in the great toe of 16-year-old female student which was confirmed by histopathologic and radiologic findings. Histopathologic examination showed that the mass was ooeered by a dense fibrous tissue which merged into a fibrocartilage cap and bone. Computed tomography showed a well defined, oval shaped, radiopacity of bony density capped by a radiolucency.
Adolescent ; Exostoses* ; Female ; Fibrocartilage ; Humans ; Toes

A black scab was observed on strawberry(Fragaria ananassa) in plastic film houses around Jinju area during the winter of 2000. The disease started from leaves then moved to calyx and runner. At the beginning, the infected area started with small dark brown spots then gradually expanded. The pathogenic fungus was purely isolated from the diseased leaves, calyx and runner. The fungus was inoculated to test Koch's postulates and proved to be the causal agent of the disease. The isolated fungus grew readily on potato dextrose agar, forming dark green to dark gray colonies. The optimum temperature for mycelial growth was about 25degrees C. The diameter of growing hyphae was 3.8~5.6 microm. Conidia were ellipsoidal, ovoid or subspherical, mostly one-celled but occasionally septate. The size of conidia were 4.1~11.7x3.8~5.3 1-cell, 9.3~18.8x4.0~7.4 microm 2-cell and formed in long branched chains on the erected conidiophores which were dark brown and variable in length between 28.8~236.2x3.0~6.2 microm in size. The fungus was identified as Cladosporium herbarum on the basis of its morphological characteristics. The black scab disease of strawberry caused by C. herbarum has not been reported in Korea previously.
Agar ; Cladosporium* ; Fragaria* ; Fungi ; Glucose ; Gyeongsangnam-do ; Hyphae ; Korea* ; Plastics ; Solanum tuberosum ; Spores, Fungal

A destructive stem rot of wild aster (Aster koraiensis) occurred sporadically some farmers' fields in Guman-myon, Kosong-gun, Kyongsangnam-do in 2000. One of the most severely infected field in Kosong showed 28.6 percent of infection rate. The fungus also caused stem or crown rot and systemic wilt or blight of the plants. White mycelium spread over stems and petioles of infected plants and sclerotia formed on the old lesions and near the soil surface. The fungus showed maximum mycelial growth around 30degrees C and did not grow under 5degrees C and over 45degrees C and mycelial width were 4.3~10.2 microm. Colony was white, usually many narrow mycelial stand in the aerial mycelium and formed clamp connection. Numerous sclerotia were formed on PDA at 30degrees C. The shape sclerotia were globoid and 0.8~3.0x0.9~3.4 mm in size. The fungus was isolated repeatedly from the infected tissues and confirmed its pathogenecity to wild aster and identified as Sclerotium rolfsii. This is the first report on the stem rot of wild aster caused by S. rolfsii in Korea.
Crowns ; Fungi ; Gyeongsangnam-do ; Korea* ; Mycelium ; Soil

The powdery mildew of safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) extensively occurred at 1999 at the experimental farm of Kyongsangnam-do Agricultural Research and Extension Services. Both sides of the leaves and the older stems were covered with the fungus, and then the leaves and stems turned yellow. The conidia, conidiophores and perithecia were observed on the leaf lesion. Perithecia were ellipsoidal, 80-117microm in diameter. Asci were subglobose and 84~99x59~73microm in size. Ascospore were ellipsoidal to ovoid, and 15~34x11~23microm in size. Conidia were ellipsoid to barrel-shaped, 25~37x11~22microm in size and formed in long chains. The causal organism was identified as Sphaerotheca fuliginea. This is the first report on powdery mildew of safflower caused by Sphaerotheca fuliginea in Korea.
Carthamus tinctorius* ; Fungi ; Gyeongsangnam-do ; Korea* ; Spores, Fungal

Nucleolar organizer regions(NORs) are intranucleolar segments of DNA coding for ribosomal RNA and contribute to the regulation of cellular protein synthesis. Since NOR-associated proteins are argyrophilic, silver staining method has been used for demonstration of NORs. The numbers of argyrophilic NORs(AgNORs) have been shown to be correlated with DNA ploidy and have prognostic value in diverse human neoplasms. However, the prognostic value of AgNORs in renal cell carcinoma(RCC) remain ill defined. We herein investigated the prognostic value of AgNORs in 39 patients with RCC. There was no significant relationship between mean number of AgNORs (m AgNORs) per nucleus and Robson stage and Fuhrman nunlear grade. However, there was significant relationship between the percentage of tumor cells with more than five AgNORs per nucleus (p AgNORs) and Robson stage and nuclear grade (p<0.05). There was significant difference in survival rate between patients with RCC in whom AgNORs were two or less and in whom AgNORs were greater than two(p<0.05). The patients with a low p AgNORs(less than 8%) have a better prognosis than those with a high p AgNORs. These results suggest that number of AgNORs may be a clinically useful prognostic marker for patients with RCC.
Carcinoma, Renal Cell* ; Clinical Coding ; DNA ; Humans ; Nucleolus Organizer Region* ; Ploidies ; Prognosis ; RNA, Ribosomal ; Silver Staining ; Survival Rate

A leaf spot of cotton rose (Hibiscus mutabilis) occurred severely in the flower beds of cotton rose around Uiryeong-gun, Gyeongnam Province in Korea. The causal fungus was identified as Corynespora cassiicola on the basis of cultural and morphological characteristics of the fungus. The fungus grew well on potato dextrose agar and the colony color was gray to brown. Conidia were solitary or catenate, obclavate to cylindrical in shape, and pale olivaceous brown or brown in color. They had 420 pseudosepta, and measured 35.2~173.6 x 8.8~19.9 microm. Conidia germinated as a bipolar type. Conidiophores were pale to mid brown in color, and measured 74.2~275.6 x 3.8~10.8 microm. Optimal temperature for mycelial growth was 30degrees C. The fungal isolate grown on PDA showed strong pathogenicity to cotton rose plant. This is the first report on the corynespora leaf spot of cotton rose (Hibiscus mutabilis) caused by Corynespora cassiicola in Korea.
Agar ; Flowers ; Fungi ; Glucose ; Korea* ; Plants ; Solanum tuberosum ; Spores, Fungal ; Virulence

A destructive stem rot of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) occurred sporadically some farmers' fields in Jinju City, Gyeongnam province in Korea. The infected plants also showed stem, crown rot or whole plant blight. White mycelium spread over stems of infected plants and formed sclerotia on the old lesions nearby soil surface. The fungus showed maximum mycelial growth around 30degrees C. The fungus formed white colony on PDA, usually with many narrow mycelial strands in the aerial mycelium and the width were 4.0~9.8 microm. The typical clamp connections were formed on the mycelium. Numerous sclerotia was formed on PDA at 30degrees C. The shape of sclerotia was globoid and 1.0~3.0 mm in size. The fungus was isolated repeatedly from the infected tissues and the pathogenicity was confirmed to tomato and identified as Sclerotium rolfsii. This is the first report on the stem rot of tomato caused by S. rolfsii in Korea.
Crowns ; Fungi ; Gyeongsangnam-do ; Korea* ; Lycopersicon esculentum* ; Mycelium ; Plants ; Soil ; Virulence

In July 2002, a destructive stem rot of tawny daylily(Hemerocallis fulva) was occurred sporadically in exhibition farm of Gyeongsangnam-do Agricultural Research and Extension Services located in Hamyang-gun, Korea. The fungus also caused collar and crown rot, and systemic wilt or blight of whole plant. White mycelium spread over stems and petioles of infected plants and sclerotia were formed on the old lesions and near the soil surface. The optimum temperature for mycelial growth and scierotial formations was 30degrees C on PDA. The mycelial width ranged 4.2~10.4microm and the color was white, usually many narrow mycelial strand grew in the aerial mycelium and formed clamp connection. The shape of sclerotia was spherical and 1.0~3.2 mm in diameter. The fungus was isolated repeatedly from the infected tissues and confirmed its pathogenicity to Hemerocallis fulva and identified as Sclerotium rolfsii. This is the first report on the stem rot of H. fulva caused by S. rolfsii in Korea.
Crowns ; Fungi ; Gyeongsangnam-do ; Hemerocallis* ; Korea* ; Mycelium ; Plants ; Soil ; Virulence