No abstract available.
Intracranial Arteriovenous Malformations* ; Risk Factors*

No abstract available.
Bacteroides fragilis* ; Bacteroides*

OBJECTIVES: Stroke is leading cause of death and more importantly it is cause of serious disability. The effective treatment of acute ischemic stroke still remains a challenge to modern medicine. Recent clinical trials have shown that carotid endareterctomy(CEA) provide overwhelming benefits compared with medical therapy in preventing subsequent stroke for symptomatic carotid stenosis. For the asymptomatic ones, the data are less compelling, but highly suggestive that CEA do have benefits in properly selected patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: To investigate the clinical manifestations of carotid stenosis and results of CEAs, authors analyzed retrospectively 19 CEAs in 16 patients from June 1986 to June 1999. Age of patients ranged from 55 to 76 years(median, 66) and male to female ratio was 14 to 2. The duration of follow-up was 1 to 144 months (median, 26). All of CEAs were done on the side of stenosis more than 80% and bilateral CEAs were done in three. Six CEAs were performed in asymptomatic patients. RESULTS: Seventeen of 19 CEAs showed excellent results and complication rate was low although ipsilateral ischemic stroke occurred in two. CONCLUSION: CEA may be a valuable surgical treatment for ischemic stroke caused by carotid stenosis and also for prevention of stroke of asymptomatic patients with carotid stenosis.
Carotid Stenosis* ; Cause of Death ; Constriction, Pathologic ; Endarterectomy, Carotid* ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; History, Modern 1601- ; Humans ; Male ; Retrospective Studies ; Stroke

Intracranial dural arteriovenous malformation(AVM) is an uncommon neurosurgical condition; in particular, it has been infrequently reported in Korea. To understand the general clinical characteristics of dural AVMs, the authors reviewed 41 cases and analysed the factors affecting hemorrhage of dural AVMs. Since 1980 we have encountered 320 pial and 41 dural AVM, a ratio of 7.8 to 1. The age of these patients ranged from 3 months to 70 years, the most common being the 6th decade, and female exceeded males by a ratio of 1.56 to 1. All lesions except one was single, and symptoms were related to it's location and the venous drainage pattern. The most common location was the cavernous sinus, accounting for about 70% of cases, so the most common clinical symptoms of dural AVMs were ocular, namely-proptosis and chemosis. The next was tinnitus found in transverse/sigmoid sinus dural AVMs. Intracranial hemorrhage was seen in six cases(14.6%), the primary cause of hemorrhage was retrograde intracranial venous drainage(p=0.001), and no hemorrhage was observed in cases with no intracranial venous drainage. And intracranial hemorrhage was more frequent in transverse/sigmoid than cavernous sinus dural AVMs, and this was so even where there was intracranial venous drainage(p<0.001). However two of 28 patients with cavernous dural AVMs became blind in one eye, demonstrating that in such patients, the clinical course could be aggressvie. The majority of cases were treated by endovascular therapy: surgical excision was performed in only one patient with tentorial dural AVM. Eight patients were treated conservatively. Three died of hemorrhage, 3 who had had fixed deficit had neurologic deficits even after a definite treatment, and 35(85%) showed clinical improvement. During intervention, there was one hemorrhagic complication, due to obstruction of venous outflow with embolic materials.
Arteriovenous Malformations* ; Cavernous Sinus ; Drainage ; Female ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Intracranial Hemorrhages ; Korea ; Male ; Neurologic Manifestations ; Tinnitus

Four Years Reports of "Journal of Korean Neuropsychiatric Association" during 2001 to 2005 were evaluated by 18 Editorial Board of Korean Neuropsychiatric Association. We investigated the articles to specific fields and rejection rate etc. by different section chiefs. Although several problems concerning review time duration and rejection guideline issues indicated but generally all reviewer processes proved relatively clear and concise criteria. Through these objective and systematic evaluation processes, "Journal of Korean Neuropsychiatric Association" will develop a good journal.
Evaluation Studies as Topic*

Four Years Reports of "Journal of Korean Neuropsychiatric Association" during 2001 to 2005 were evaluated by 18 Editorial Board of Korean Neuropsychiatric Association. We investigated the articles to specific fields and rejection rate etc. by different section chiefs. Although several problems concerning review time duration and rejection guideline issues indicated but generally all reviewer processes proved relatively clear and concise criteria. Through these objective and systematic evaluation processes, "Journal of Korean Neuropsychiatric Association" will develop a good journal.
Evaluation Studies as Topic*

Two Years Reports of "Journal of Korean Neuropychiatric Association" during 2001 to 2003 were evaluated by 17 Editorial Board of Korean Neuropsychiatric Association. We investigated the articles to specific fields and rejection rate etc. by different section chiefs. Although several problems concerning review time duration and rejection guideline issues indicated but generally all reviewer processes proved relatively clear and concise criteria. Through these objective and systematic evaluation processes, "Journal of Korean Neuropychiatric Association" will develope a good journal.
Evaluation Studies as Topic*

PURPOSE: To assess the location and associated findings of fractures of the posterior lumbar vertebral ring apophysis as seen on MRI. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We retrospectively evaluated MR findings in 77 patients (86 lesions) with lumbar apophyseal ring fractures. Their age ranged from ten to 67 (mean 33-1) years. To confirm the presence of verterbral ring fractures, CT was performed in 29 patients (31 lesions) within two weeks of MR imaging. Open laminectomy was performed in ten patients, percutaneous automated nucleotomy in three, and LASER operation in four. RESULTS: The most common location of fractures was the superior margin of L5 (36 lesions 41.9%), next was superior margin of S1 (21 lesions, 24.4%). On CT, a bony fragment was seen in 28 patients (30 lesions); the positive predictive value of MR was 99.7 %. Multiple lesions were seen in nine patients. Associated disc herniation and bulging were noted in 64 (74.4%) and 15 lesions (17.4%), respectively, and a high signal intensity rim aound the bony fragment on T1 weighted image was noted in 33 (38.4%). Other associated findings were spondylolysis in eight patients, retrolisthesis in five, and spondylolisthesis in three. Operative outcomes were variable. The results of open laminectomy were better than those of percutaneous automated laminectomy or LASER operation. CONCLUSION: In patients with lumbar apophyseal ring fractures, their exact location and associated findings could be evalvated by MRI, which was therefore useful in the planning of appropriate surgery.
Humans ; Laminectomy ; Lumbar Vertebrae* ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging* ; Retrospective Studies ; Spondylolisthesis ; Spondylolysis

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the stress distribution in mandibular implant-supported overdentures and tooth-supported overdentures with telescopic crowns. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The assumption of this study was that there were 2, 3, 4 natural teeth and implants which are located in the second premolar and canine regions in various distributed conditions. The mandible, teeth (or implants and abutments), and connectors are modeled, and analyzed with the commercial software, ANSYS Version 10.1. Stress distribution was evaluated under 150 N vertical load bilaterally on 3 experimental conditions - between canine areas, canine and 2nd premolars, 10 mm posterior to 2nd premolars. RESULTS: Overall, the case of the implant group showed more stress than the case of the teeth group in stress distribution to bone. In stress distribution to superstructures of tooth and implants, there was no significant difference between TH group and IM group and the highest stress appeared in TH-IV and IM-IV. The stress caused from bar was much higher than those of implant and tooth. TH group showed less stress than IM group in stress distribution to abutment teeth and implant. CONCLUSION: The results shows that it is crucial to make sure that distance between impact loading point and abutment tooth does not get too far apart, and if it does, it is at best to set abutment tooth on premolar tooth region. It will be necessary to conduct more experiments on effects on implants, natural teeth and bone, in order to apply these results to a clinical treatment.
Bicuspid ; Crowns ; Denture, Overlay ; Mandible ; Tooth

Neointimal hyperplasia mainly develops within several months of coronary stent deployment, after which it stabilizes. Although it was widely accepted, particularly during the bare-metal stent (BMS) era, that in-stent restenosis (ISR) generally does not present as an acute coronary syndrome (ACS), but rather as a gradual recurrence of angina symptoms, recent data have shown that a substantial number of patients with ISR present as ACS. There has also been consistent postmortem evidence of plaque rupture secondary to atherosclerotic change within the neointima of a BMS. We report here a case of ACS in which intravascular ultrasound and optical coherent tomographic assessments revealed neointimal atherosclerotic change and ruptured plaque 10 years after BMS deployment.
Acute Coronary Syndrome ; Coronary Restenosis ; Humans ; Hyperplasia ; Neointima ; Recurrence ; Rupture ; Stents