No abstract available.
Acoustics* ; Ear, Inner ; Hearing* ; Neuroma, Acoustic* ; Semicircular Canals*

STUDY DESIGN: Case report OBJECTIVES: To report a case of Brown-Séquard syndrome after blunt cervical trauma. SUMMARY OF LITERATURE REVIEW: Brown-Séquard syndrome is a rare disease characterized by hemisection of the spinal cord, and it shows the best prognosis of the various types of incomplete spinal cord injuries. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A patient with Brown-Séquard syndrome that occurred after a traffic accident was followed up for 2 years and 6 months. RESULTS: We observed normal recovery of motor strength, but sensory impairment and deep tendon hyperreflexia remained. CONCLUSIONS: Brown-Séquard syndrome is known to have a good prognosis, but in this case, the neurological abnormality did not fully recover; therefore, we report this rare case and present a review of the literature.
Accidents, Traffic* ; Cervical Vertebrae ; Female ; Humans ; Prognosis ; Rare Diseases ; Reflex, Abnormal ; Spinal Cord ; Spinal Cord Injuries ; Tendons

It is established that intracranial hemorrhage is relatively common benign intracranial diseases in adult. This is very rare in children reports are limited to a few cases or to those cited in reviews of series of intracranial hemorrhage in adult group. We wish to report three cases of large intracranial hematoma in three infants. The diagnosis was greatly facilitated by the CT scan and the treatment did by the microsurgical methods.
Adult ; Cerebral Hemorrhage* ; Child ; Diagnosis ; Hematoma ; Humans ; Infant ; Intracranial Hemorrhages ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Cerebral vasospasm is the leading cause of death and disability in patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage due to repture of a cerebral aeurysm. But etiology of the vasospasm is not known despite extensive clinical and experimental investigations. The man objectives of this experiment were to develop a new animal model for vasospasm using the femoral artery in rat and to evaluate the pathologic changes of vessel and the effects of nimodipine(calcium angagonist) on vasospasm by quantitative assessment of radial wall thickness, cross-sectional areas of arterial lumen and vessel wall. Thirty rats were divided into three groups;A skin incision was made on both inguinal areas and both proximal femoral arteries were exposed under the surgical microscope. And then 0.1ml of fresh autologous whole blood was applied directly to the femoral artery and covered with silastic cuff(spasm group). The right femoral artery was covered with silastic cuff without application of the blood(control group). A nimodipine group was produced by injection nimodipine through the intraperitoneal route after application of blood on let femoral artery. The morphological changes were investigated at 2(n=3), 5(n=3), 7(n=3), 10(n=3), and 5 days(n=3) after application of whold blood. The results were as follows; 1) A new animal model for vasospasm using the femoral artery in rat was developed. 2) As compared with control group, the arterial narrowing was present at 2days, was maximal at 7 days, and return to near control level by 20 days. 3) In the spasm group, there were a corrugation of the intima and internal elastic lamina, and thickening and vacuolization in the media on the light microscope. These histological changes suggested that the model of the femoral artery in rat was analogous to experimental subarachnoid hemorrhage. 4) There was a significant decrease in cross-sectional areas of the vessel lumen in both spasm(p<0.005) and nimodipine groups(p<0.005). Also the radial wall thickness was significantly increased in the spasm(p< and nimodipine groups(p<0.005), but there was no significant differences in measured cross-sectional areas of the vessel wall among all the groups. 5) The nimodipine group was different from the spasm group for all quantitative assessments, especially in the luminal areas and wall thickness at 7 days(p<0.05). As the results, the femoral artery in rat may serve as a model for investigations of pathogenesis and therapeutic intervention to study vasospasm and nimodipine seemed to be an effective calcium antagonist to treat and prevent vasoapasm.
Animals ; Calcium ; Cause of Death ; Femoral Artery* ; Humans ; Linear Energy Transfer ; Models, Animal ; Nimodipine* ; Phenobarbital ; Rats* ; Skin ; Spasm ; Subarachnoid Hemorrhage ; Vasospasm, Intracranial

Since 1967 the STA-MCA anastomosis has been popular procedure in neurosurgical operation. The meurosurgical teams at St. Paul's Hospital, Catholic Medical College, recently operated on 8 patients employing 9 times of this technique. The patients were diagnosed as four patients with complete stroke, one with traumatic middle cerebral stenosis, two with moyamoya disease, and one with huge aneurysm at intracavernous portion of ICA. The results were very encouraging of the 8 patients, 7 had favorably improved clinically, and proved by follow-up cerebral angiographies, CT Scanning, EEG or MEP recordings. The remaining one patient had intracerebral and intracerebellar hematoma, two months later after discharge, thus the result was poor. The authors would like to share with you their experiences employing the STA-MCA anastomosis technique, indications the results and the prognosis.
Aneurysm ; Cerebral Angiography ; Constriction, Pathologic ; Electroencephalography ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hematoma ; Humans ; Moyamoya Disease ; Prognosis ; Stroke ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

20 patients who were diagnosis neurologic diseases were treated deproteinized extract Actigen for 1-2 weeks. Comparing before and after treatment, clinical state, EEG, MEP, CT Scan and CBF have been improved to postmedicated state. According to above findings, it is indirectly confirmed that Actigen is improve brain motabolism, cerebral blood flow and peripheral blood flow. During medication there are no side effects and complications.
Brain ; Diagnosis ; Electroencephalography ; Humans ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Our experienced is based on a series of 5 cases of dystonia who underwent stereotaxic thalamotomy. The immediate good results have been obtained by thalamotomy. We have been able to estimate secondary deterioration on long term results in patients examined 2-5 years postoperatively. Some deterioration is noted patients operated on for athetosis over the age of 20. A pallido-subthalamic lesion is efficient at the beginning of the disease course since it improves motor performance and thereby helps possiblities of intellectual acquirement. Bilateral lesions have done after improved. I.Q. Effects of this treatment specially on spasticity must be discussed among other types of surgery.
Athetosis ; Dystonia* ; Humans ; Muscle Spasticity

Recently, brainstem auditory evoked potential is very important for the evaluation of functions of the 8th nerve & brainstem. Especially, it appears that waves I, III, and V primarily represent volume- conducted electrical activity from the acoustic nerve, pons and midbrain, respectively, and that latencies between these three potentials indirectly reflect neural conduction in the corresponding segments of the central auditory pathway. For example, wave I to wave III interpeak latency(I-III IPL) is a measure of conduction in the more caudal segment of the brainstem auditory pathway-acoustic nerve and potomedullary portion-while the III-V IPL is a measure of conduction in the more rostral pontine and midbrain portions of the pathway. This study was undertaken to identify the normal measurements of the waves I, III and V and I-III IPL, III-V IPL in order to for provide basic data for clinical use in diagnosis, monitering in operation and management of patients with brainstem lesions. The literature is reviewed and results compared to the current study.
Auditory Pathways ; Brain Stem* ; Cochlear Nerve ; Diagnosis ; Evoked Potentials, Auditory, Brain Stem* ; Humans ; Mesencephalon ; Neural Conduction ; Pons

Recently for 2 years, 24 cases of microabscesses have been experienced and treated at St. Paul's Hospital, Catholic Medical College. Investigations had been made & analyzed to characteristic clinical symptoms and signs, typical CT findings and therapeutic management and prognosis. The CT scan is most choice of and early and accurate diagnosis and has made feasible the follow up of the evolution and eventual resolution of abscess lesions. In the authors opinion and experience, when microabscess is diagnosed at it early stage, it could be treated in 2week with the administration of antibiotics & not need any other surgical interventions.
Abscess ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Diagnosis* ; Follow-Up Studies ; Prognosis ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

The role of the physician in diagnosis of death is a relatively recent one. for the most part it began only toward the end of the eighteenth century in Korea as western countrie. The criteria for diagnosis of death traditionally has been cessation of the circulation and respiration. The current model definition proposed for the Unite State is : An individual who has sustained either(1) irreversible cessation of circulatory and respiratory function or irreversible cessation of all functions of the entire brain is dead. A determination of death must be made in a clearnce with accepted medical standards. Recently transplantation of organ has been popularlly performod in the wored. For this surgery brain death has been necessary process. Brain death is a condition widely recognized by philosophers, theologians, the public and the law. Criteria for the determination of brain death have been progressively refined for almost 30years. They involve clinical evidence of the loss of brain function and various periods of observation, which can often be stortened by confirmatory tests, particularly cerebral blood flow studies, evoked potential studies, CT and electro-encephalography. Prompt declaration of brain is therefore possible. It is important for physicians to offer the possibility of organ donation to the patient's family both because organs are desperately needed and because many families desire this. However, in korea these process is very difficult because many people and lower have thought criteria of death is stop of heart. I advice we need model algorithm for determination of brain death are presented to aid the development of protocols for individual and hospital use before liver transplatation in korea.
Brain Death* ; Brain* ; Death ; Diagnosis ; Evoked Potentials ; Heart ; Humans ; Jurisprudence ; Korea* ; Liver ; Liver Transplantation ; Respiration ; Tissue and Organ Procurement