Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Sleep Wake Disorders ; classification ; etiology ; therapy

In this paper,we reported the results of 36 cases with lumbar disc prolapse through conservative treatment in order to observe the relationship between the effect of conservative treatment and the results of CT scan.We found that the effectiveness of treatment was related to the size and location of the disc protrusion as well as the course of disease.The results suggested that these factors should be considered fully during selecting the methods of conservative treatment or operation in lumbar disc prolapse.

Objective To investigate the role of MRI in diagnosis of primary intracranial teratoma.Methods Nine cases of primary intracranial teratoma proved by operation and pathology were examined by MRI before operation.MRI features were analysed retrospectively.Results The localized and qualitative rates were 100% and 88.8% respectively.The characteristic MRI appearances of primary intracranial teratoma were as follows:(1)The tumor was lobular in shape with clear margin;(2)The tumor had heterogeneous signal intensity ;(3)Inhomogeneous Gd-DTPA enhancement in most of the tumors.Conclusion Multiplanar imaging and Gd-DTPA enhancement in MRI are helpful in diagnosis and differential diagnosis of teratoma.

To explore the clinical efficacies of hyperbaric oxygen therapy on the recovery of cognitive function in stroke patients on hemodialysis.Forty stroke patients on hemodialysis were assigned randomly into hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBO) (n =20 ) and routine therapy groups (n =20).Patients of HBO group received both hyperbaric oxygen therapy and routine therapy.Nerves functions and cognitive function were observed before and after therapy to compare the clinical outcomes.Neuropsychological tests,minimental status examination (MMSE) and activities of daily living (ADL) were used for assessing cognitive function.Then the outcomes were compared with those of the control group.Nerves function and cognitive dysfunction of the treatment group had significant improvement (P ＜ 0.01).Hyperbaric oxygen can significantly improve cognitive dysfunction in stroke patients on hemodialysis.

Objective To study the influence of edaravone on malondialdehyda(MDA)and expression of Hsp-70 and Bcl-2 in the perihematoma region in rats.Methods A total of 120 health male rats were randomly divided into false-operation group(n=20)、intracerebral hemorrhage(ICH)-therapy group(n=50)and ICH control group.Each group was further divided into 5 subgroups respectively according to 6 h、24 h、48 h、72 h and 5d after model creation.Cerebral hemorrhage model was duplicated with the method created by Fredrik.Brain water content and MDA were measured.Expression of Hsp-70 and Bcl-2 were assayed in each group with immunohistochemical method.Results Brain water content and MDA were lower in ICH-therapy group than those in control group(P

Objective To investigate the effect of early interventions with helium-neon (He-Ne) laser and infrared physical therapy in the treatment of herpes coster. Methods Sixty-six patients with herpes zoster and concurrent severe neuralgia were randomly divided into treatment and control groups (n=33). The patients in the control group received routine treatment, and early He-Ne laser and infrared treatment was administered in addition to the routine treatment in the treatment group. The visual analogue scale (VAS) was used to evaluate the therapeutic effects in the two groups. Results Early intervention with laser and infrared treatment produced significantly better therapeutic effects than the routine treatment (U=193.520,P=0.000). In the treatment group, the rate of excellent or good therapentic effects and the response rate was 90.9% and 100.0%, respectively, without occurrence of postherpetic neuralgia;in the control group, the rate of good therapeutic effects and the response rote was 63.6% and 81.8%, respectively, and postherpetic neuralgia occurred in 3 eases (9.1%) after the treatment. Conclusion Early intervention with He-Ne laser and infrared treatment in patients with herpes coster helps achieve rapid control of the condition, shortens the treatment course, and reduces the occurrence of postherpetic neuralgia.

Objective To identify antimicrobial susceptibilities of community-acquired Staphylococcus aureus infections and the risk factors of severe infections.Methods Clinical data of 184 cases of community-acquired Staphylococcus aureus infections collected from 4 hospitals in Ningbo during May 2008 and May 2013 were reviewed.Microbial sensitivity test and virulence genes ( pvl and tst) detection were performed in clinical isolates, and SCCmec genotyping was performed in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus ( MRSA) strains.Binary logistic regression analysis was used to identify the risk factors for severe infections.Results Among 184 cases of community-acquired Staphylococcus aureus infections, 39 ( 21.20%) were severe cases. Staphylococcus aureus strains were highly resistant to penicillin, erythromycin and clindamycin, but more than 75% strains were sensitive to oxacillin, aminoglycosides, quinolones, rifampicin and vancomycin.Logistic regression analysis showed that advanced age (OR=1.024, 95%CI:1.005-1.043, P<0.05), malignant tumor (OR=15.288, 95%CI:1.609-145.229, P<0.05) , autoimmune diseases or long-term hormone therapy ( OR=12.102, 95%CI:2.082-70.338, P <0.01 ) were risk factors for severe community-acquired Staphylococcus aureus infections. Conclusions Strains isolated from the patients with community-acquired Staphylococcus aureus infections in Ningbo are usually sensitive to oxacillin, aminoglycosides, quinolones, rifampicin and vancomycin, which may be recommended for clinical use.Elder patients and those with malignant tumor, autoimmune diseases or long-term hormone therapy are more likely to develop severe Staphylococcus aureus infections.

Background and purpose:Pterostilbene is a natural antioxidant, whose role in retinoblastoma remains unclear. The aim of this study is to probe the effects of pterostilbene on the proliferation, apoptosis and autophagy in retinoblastoma WERI-Rb-1 cell lines.Methods:Cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assays were used to analyze the effects of pterostilbene on the proliferation of WERI-Rb-1 cells. Apoptosis rate was determined by Annexin V/PI. Autophagic vacuoles were observed by acridine orange staining. LC3 and P62 protein expressions were determined using Western blot.Results:Pterostilbene significantly inhibited the proliferation of WERI-Rb-1 cells (P<0.01). The cell viability were (93.02±0.47)%, (55.10±2.04)% and (30.33±1.45)% after WERI-Rb-1 cells were treated with 25, 50 and 100 μmol/L pterostilbene for 24 h, and the cell viability were (88.38±3.70)%, (53.37±1.17)%, (29.60±1.05)% after WERI-Rb-1 cells were treated with 50 μmol/L pterostilbene for 12, 24 and 48 h. Pterostilbene induced cell apoptosis (P<0.01), the apoptosis rates of control group, 24 h treated group and 48 h treated group were (4.08±0.79)%, (13.44±2.12)% and (23.49±2.01)%. Pterostilbene induced autophagy of WERI-Rb-1 cells, increased LC3 expression, downregulated P62 expression and increased the number of autophagic vacuoles in WERI-Rb-1 cells (P<0.01). 3-MA and Beclin1 were able to rescue pterostilbene-induced cell death (P<0.01). After 3-MA was used to blunt autophagosome formation, the apoptosis rate markedly decreased in 3-MA+pterostilbene-treated cells compared with cells treated with pterostilbene alone [(12.97±2.09)%vs (8.35±1.11)%], and after siRNA was used to knockdown Beclin1, the apoptosis rate had the same change [(13.80±2.19)%vs (9.62±0.52)%].Conclusion:Pterostilbene can inhibit the proliferation of WERI-Rb-1 cells and induce cell apoptosis via autophagy activation.

Objective To investigate the effect and mechanism of Ghrelin on the contraction and relaxation of rat small intestinal smooth muscle. Methods The effect of different concentrations of Ghrelin (0;20;40;80 μg/kg) on the small intestinal transit in vagotomized rats in vivo and Ghrelin (0.01; 0.1;0.5 ; 1.0 μmol/L) on the contraction and relaxation of rat small intestinal smooth muscle strips in vitro was observed,the locations of Ghrelin receptors (GHS-R1 a) in small intestinal muscle layers were detected by immunofluorescency. Results Ghrelin dose-dependently increases small intestinal transit (( 25.4 ± 1.0)％,(33.7 ± 1.9)％,(39.3 ±2.4)％,(44.7 ±2.1)％),enhances the contraction ((67.0 ±2.4)％,(149.5 ±3.3)％,(187.1 ±4.7)％,(213.5 ±3.4)％) and relaxation ((35.3 ± 1.1)％,(62.9 ± 3.8 ) ％,( 79.6 ± 2.7 ) ％,( 94.6 ± 2.2 ) ％ ) of smooth muscle strips mediated by carbachol.Ghrelin receptors were mainly located on membrane of the nerve cells in the muscle layers,while no receptors exist on membrane of smooth muscle cells. Conclusions Ghrelin enhances the effect of contraction and relaxation of rat small intestinal smooth muscle mediated by cholinergic neurotransmitters activating nerve cells in the enteric plexus.

Objective To compare the results of stroke risk assessment system in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation u-sing CHADS2 and CHA2 DS2-VASc .Methods A total of 420 patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation were evaluated using CHADS2 and CHA2DS2-VASc ,they were divided into three groups according scores :low risk group(scores 0) ,intermediate risk group(scores 1) ,high risk group(scores≥2) .Compare the average scores and the proportions of three groups of two stroke risk as-sessment system .Results The average score of CHA2DS2-VASc was significantly higher than that′s of CHADS2 (2 .41 ± 1 .93 vs . 1 .39 ± 1 .39 ,P<0 .05) .According to scores of CHADS2 ,the proportions of low risk groups were 34 .5% (145/420) ,intermediate risk group were 28 .8% (121/420) ,high risk group were 36 .7% (154/420) .According to scores of CHA2DS2-VASc ,the propor-tions of low risk group were 16 .2% (68/420) ,intermediate risk group were 23 .3% (98/420) ,high risk group were 60 .5% (254/420) .CHA2 DS2-VASc compared with CHADS2 ,the proportion of low-risk group significantly lower than the latter ,the proportion of high-risk groups significantly higher than the latter(P<0 .05) .Conclusion The scores of CHA2DS2-VASc is significantly high-er than that′s of CHADS2 in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation ,there are more patients needs anticoagulation using stroke risk assessment system CHA2 DS2-VASc .