No abstract available.
Oncogene Proteins* ; Oncogenes* ; Teratocarcinoma*

The purpose of this study was to investigate the physical effect of tissue conditioner on polymerized acrylic resins. Surface hardness and transverse strength were measured for evaluating physical effect of tissue conditioner on polymerized acrylic resins. 1) To measured surface hardness, the resin specimens(65x10x10mm size) of each resin material were made, applied tissue conditioner, stored in 37degrees C water for 1week, and changed tissue conditioner every week for 3 weeks. Surface hardness was measured every week with Shore hardness tester for 4 weeks. 2) To measured transverse strength, the resin specimens(65x10x3mm size & 65x10x1.5mm) of each resin material were made. The specimens were divided into four groups, and measured by universial testing machine. Group I (control group) : The resin specimens were stored in 37degrees C water for 5 weeks. Group II : The resin specimens were stored in 37degrees C water for 5 weeks, and relined in 1.5mm thickness with same resin. Group III : The resin specimens were stored in 37degrees C water for 1 week, applied tissue conditioner in 1.5mm thickness, stored in 37degrees C water for 1 week, changed tissue conditioner and water every week for 3 weeks, removed tissue conditioner, reduced 1.5mm thickness from resin surface which was applied tissue conditioner, and relined in 1.5mm thickness with same resin. The following conclusions were obtained : 1. Surface hardness changes of Vertex RS and Vertex SC were not different significantly (p>0.01). 2. Surface hardness of K-33, Tokuso rebase, and Kooliner were decreased (p<0.01). 3. With the exception of Kooliner, transverse strength of all resin materials between control group and groups which applied with tissue conditioner were not different significantly (p>0.01).
Acrylic Resins* ; Hardness ; Hardness Tests ; Polymers* ; Water

No abstract available.
Antibody Formation* ; Child* ; Diploidy* ; Humans* ; Immunization* ; Measles ; Measles-Mumps-Rubella Vaccine* ; Mumps ; Rubella ; Vaccination

STATEMENT OF PROBLEM: Direct denture reline resins tend to discolor during service in the oral environment by intrinsic and extrinsic factor. PURPOSE: This study was designed to evaluate the color stability of direct denture reline resins. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Mild Rebaron(GC Corp., Japan), Meta Base M(Sun medical Co., Japan), Mild Rebaron LC(GC Corp., Japan) and as a control group, Vertex SC(Dentimex Zeist, Holland) were chosen for this study. Ten specimens of each direct denture reline resins were fabricated. Treatment methods designed for this study were the coffee staining test(7days) and the accelerated aging test(100hours). The color changes before and after treatment were measured by Tristimulous colorimeter(Yasuda seiki seisakusho, Ltd. Japan) and analyzed. RESULTS: All the direct denture reline resins subjected to the coffee staining test and the accelerated aging test showed noticible difference in color change. After coffee staining test, Meta Base M showed the highest color change followed by Vertex SC, Mild Rebaron LC and Mild Rebaron. There were no statistical differences between Meta Base M and Vertex SC and between Mild Rebaron LC and Mild Rebaron(p>0.05). After accelerated aging test, Mild Rebaron LC showed the highest color change followed by Vertex SC, Meta Base M and Mild Rebaron. There were no statistical differences only between Mild Rebaron and Mata Base M(p>0.05) but among the others, there were statistical differences(p<0.05). CONCLUSION: Within the limitation of this study, all the direct denture reline resins subjected to the extrinsic and intrinsic factors showed noticible difference in color change, and there were differences among manufacturers.
Aging ; Coffee ; Dentures* ; Intrinsic Factor

The purpose of this study is to evaluate an antioxidative effect of estrogen on the bone in oophorectomized rats. Thirty Sprague-Daley rats were equally divided into 3 groups; group 1 as control group with sham operation, group 2 as experimental group with oophorectomy, and group 3 as oophorectomized group treated with estrogen. Estradiol (5mg/kg BW) was administered three times per week from first to sixth week after oophorectomy. Left tibia was obtained to measure the amount of protein carbonyls as an index of oxidative stress and the activity of antioxidant enzymes. The results were as follows: trahecular bone area in proximal tihia decreased after oophorectomy, which increased in response to estrogen administration. The level of protein carbonylation in hone was not significantly different among all groups. Activity of antioxidant enzymes such ais glutathione reductase(GR), glutathione peroxidase(GP) and glutathione transferase(GST) in bone was not significantly different among all groups. However, the activity of catalase in bone markedly increased in group 3 compared with that in group 1 and group 2. In summary, bone trabecular area increased after admin- istration of estrogen. And estrogen induced the activitv of catalase, which might contrihute to prevent the oxidative damage. However, the glutathione utilizing enzymes such as GR, GP and GST were not significantly affected by estrogen status.
Animals ; Catalase ; Estradiol ; Estrogens* ; Female ; Glutathione ; Ovariectomy ; Oxidative Stress ; Protein Carbonylation ; Rats* ; Tibia

OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to examine the twelve-year incidence of hypertension, and to find risk factors for the incidence in adult population in Kangwha County, Korea. METHODS: In 1986, 413 males(mean age 37 years) and 434 females(mean age 33 years) were examined in the Kangwha Study. Among 764 non-hypertensive participants, 164 males and 214 females were reexamined in 1998. Blood pressure(BP) was measured with standard mercury sphygmomanometers. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to estimate the relative risk of risk factors on the incidence of hypertension. RESULTS: During the 12-year period, 68 of 164 males and 53 of 214 females developed hypertension. In a multiple logistic model adjusted for age and pulse rate, baseline BP, baseline body mass index(BMI) and BMI change during the follow-up period were significantly related to the incidence of hypertension. Adjusted relative risk(RR)s of baseline high-normal BP were 3.90(95% CI: 1.81-7.84) in males, and 12.72(95% CI: 3.70-30.73) in females. Compared with lower baseline BMI group, adjusted RRs of middle baseline BMI group were 2.66(95% CI: 1.19-5.70) in males, and 2.33(95% CI: 0.95-5.55) in females. Adjusted RRs of upper baseline BMI group were 3.52(95% CI: 1.53-7.67)in males and 3.63(95% CI: 1.50-8.43) in females. Increase of BMI was positively related to the incidence in males(adjusted RR=2.71, 95% CI: 1.00-6.71) and females(adjusted RR=3.05, 95% CI: 1.29-6.88). CONCLUSIONS: The twelve-year incidence of hypertension was 41.5% in males, and 25.8% in females. Baseline BP, baseline BMI, and BMI change were strongly related to the incidence of hypertension.
Adult ; Body Mass Index ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Heart Rate ; Humans ; Hypertension* ; Incidence* ; Korea ; Logistic Models ; Male ; Risk Factors* ; Sphygmomanometers

In accidental or suicidal methanol ingestion, bilateral necrosis of the putamen and hemispheric white matter lesions are the most common findings on CT and MRI. There are a few reports that have demonstrated abnormal CT findings in methanol intoxication, however, to our knowledge, contrast enhancement of these lesions have not been reported in Korea. We report the case of a 36-year-old male who had a brain MRI performed 3 weeks after accidental methanol intoxication. T2 weighted MRI showed bilateral symmetrical high signal lesions in the frontal lobe and basal ganglia with hemorrhaegic necrosis. A postcontrast MRI demonstrated multifocal enhancing lesions in both frontal lobes, right temporal lobe, both basal ganglias and both cerebellar hemispheres. We suggest that the characteristic brain MRI finding and careful history taking are helpful in diagnosis of methanol intoxication.
Adult ; Basal Ganglia ; Brain* ; Diagnosis ; Eating ; Frontal Lobe ; Humans ; Korea ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging* ; Male ; Methanol* ; Necrosis ; Putamen ; Temporal Lobe

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of contrast-enhanced MR angiography for follow-up examinations after metallic stent placement and to examine the effects of change of imaging parameters used for contrast-enhanced MR angiography. MATERIALS AND METHODS: After four metallic stents (Passager, Ninitol, Wallstent, and Memotherm) were placed in an abdominal aorta shaped vascular phantom, efGRE (enhanced fast gradient recalled echo) 3-D MR angiography was performed, using a 1.5T unit. The four metallic stents were graded 1-3 according to the width and length of their high signal intensity. Variations in the degree of high signal intensity were evaluated according to imaging parameters. RESULTS: The width and length of high signal intensity with the Passager stent and Nitinol stent were greater than with the Wallstent and Memotherm. The larger the field of view, the smaller the matrix number, the larger the flip angle, the greater the width and length of high signal intensity in the metallic stent. CONCLUSION: Contrast-enhanced MR angiography may be a useful follow-up procedure after the placement of Passager and Ninitol metallic stents. The signal intensity of stent lumen varies according to imaging parameters, and the selection of optimal parameters is therefore important.
Angiography* ; Aorta, Abdominal ; Follow-Up Studies ; Stents*

PURPOSE: All IgG subclasses such as IgG1, IgG2, IgG3 and IgG4 can be transferred from mother to fetus through the placenta, though the amount of each IgG subclass is different from one another. Maternally acquired immunity might have an important role for the protection against the infections. We studied transplacental passage of IgG subclasses. METHODS: In this study, we observed the transplacental passage of IgG-subclasses in 22 paired samples of maternal and full- term fetal cord sera. Gestational ages varied from 37 to 42 weeks. The concentrations of IgG subclasses were analyzed by radial immunodiffusion method using commercialized Human IgG Subclass Combi kit. RESULTS: The concentrations of IgG subclasses, IgG1, IgG3 and IgG4 in cord sera exceed the maternal concentration, while IgG2 did not. The ratio of serum levels of cord to maternal were 1.330+/-0.067 for IgG1, 0.859+/-0.039 for IgG2, 1.258+/-0.058 for IgG3 and 1.159+/-0.038 for IgG4. CONCLUSION: This result suggested that the placenta may play a selective barrier for passage of IgG2.
Fetus* ; Gestational Age ; Humans ; Immunity, Maternally-Acquired ; Immunodiffusion ; Immunoglobulin G* ; Mothers ; Placenta

PURPOSE: This study was designed to assess the effects of cyclic parenteral nutrition(CP) on parenteral nutrition induced liver diseases. METHODS: Before and after CP, data were collected on diagnosis, age, duration of parenteral nutrition, macronutrients and biochemical parameters. Initially parenteral nutrition was cycled off for 1-2 hours and the off-time was advanced by 0.5-1 hour daily over 1 week. Blood and urine glucose were monitored during procedure. RESULTS: Data on 6 sets of CP in 4 patients, among whom 2 patients had undertaken CP 2 times, respectively, were analyzed. The mean age was approximately 4 months, ranging from 2 to 11 months. Underlying diseases were as follows : 2 cases of microvillous inclusion disease, 1 case of protracted diarrhea of infancy and 1 case of feeding intolerance. The mean duration of parenteral nutrition before CP were 38.6 days, and that of CP was 41.6 days. During CP, the mean total caloric intake of each patient was 107kcal/kg/day, and the mean weight gain was 6.0g/kg/day. After CP, the biochemical parameters changed as follows : bilirubin was decreased in 4 cases, not changed in 1 case but increased in 1 case who had sepsis during CP period; the level of ALT was decreased in 2 cases but increased in 2 cases and not changed in 2 cases. Overall, CP was tolerated well although 3 cases had hypoglycemia(serum glucose concentration less than 40mg/dL) at the initial CP period. CONCLUSION: CP has potential beneficial metabolic effects on total parenteral nutrition induced cholestasis with minimal complications.
Bilirubin ; Cholestasis* ; Cytomegalovirus Infections ; Diagnosis ; Diarrhea ; Energy Intake ; Glucose ; Humans ; Infant* ; Liver Diseases ; Parenteral Nutrition* ; Parenteral Nutrition, Total* ; Sepsis ; Weight Gain