PURPOSE: To evaluate the MR appearance of the accessory hepatic veins. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study included 87 consecutive patients for whom abdominal MR images were obtained. The subjects who had liver lesion or hepatic vascular abnormalities were excluded. Couinaud classified accessory hepatic veins into inferior and middle right hepatic veins. Our major interests were evaluation of the incidence, morphology, and location of the accessory hepatic vein. RESULTS: Inferior right hepatic vein was demonstrated in 43 out of 87 patients(49%). The morphology was linear in 35 patients(80.5%), and V-shaped in 8 patients(19.5%). In 40 patients(93%), the inferior right hepatic vein was located in the posteroinferior aspect of the right lobe. Middle right hepatic vein was demonstrated in 7 out of 87 patients(8%). All were single linear in morphology, combined with the inferior right hepatic vein, and located between the right hepatic vein and inferior right hepatic vein. CONCLUSION: The accessory hepatic vein was demonstrated in 49% among the Korean adult population, and was located in posteroinferior portion of the liver, in 93%.
Adult ; Hepatic Veins* ; Humans ; Incidence ; Liver ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging*

PURPOSE: The differentiation between renal cell carcinoma(RCC) and transitional cell carcinoma(TCC) is important due to the different methods of treatment and prognosis. But occasionally it is difficult to draw a distinction between the two diseases when renal parenchyme and renal collecting systems are invaded simultaneously. MATERIAL AND METHOD: We reviewed CT scans of 37 cases of renal cell carcinoma and 12 cases of transitional cell carcinoma which showed involvement of renal parenchyma and renal sinus fat on CT. Retrospective analysis was performed by 3 abdominal radiologists. Check points were renalcontour bulging or reniform shape, location of mass center, intact parenchyme overlying the tumor, cystic change, calcification, LN metastasis, vessel invasion, and perirenal extention. RESULT:There were renal contour bulging due to the tumor mass in 33 out of 37 cases of renal cellcarcinima, wherea and nine of 12 cases of transitional cell carcinoma maintained the reniform appearance. This is significant statiscal difference between the two(p<0.005). Center of all TCCs were located in the renal sinus, and 24 out of 35 cases of RCC were located in the cortex(p<0.005). Thirty-six out of 37 cases of RCC lost the overlying parenchyma, whereas 4 out of 9 cases of well enhanced TCC had intact overlying parenchyma(p<0.005) RCC showed uptic change within the tumor mags in 31 cases which was significanity higher than the 4 cases in TCC(p<0.05). CONCLUSION: CT findings of renal cell carcinoma are contour bulging, peripheral location, obliteration of parenchyma, and cystic change. Findings of transitional cell carcinoma are reniform appearance, central location within the kidney, intact overlying parenchyma, and rare cystic change.
Carcinoma, Renal Cell* ; Carcinoma, Transitional Cell* ; Kidney ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Pelvis* ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

One-hundred ninty five cases with Kawasaki disease who were diagnosed and treated at the Department of Pediatrics, Kyung Hee University Hospital from January 1985 to June 1993, were investigated for their clinical manifestations and laboratory findings, and cardiac complications. The results are as follows: 1) Most patients (92.8%) were under 5 years of the age. 2) Boys were more prevalent than girls, as a ratio of 2.3 : l 3) The incidence of principal symptoms and signs were fever over 5 days (89.8%), bilateral conjunctival injection (78.5%), changes of oral mucosa and lip (82.3%), skin eruption (72.8%), changes in extremities (58.5%), and cervical lymphadenopathy (47.2%). 4) The main laboratory findings observed were anemia (29.2%), leukocytosis (90.8%), thrombocytosis (89.7%), increased ESR (85.1%), positive CRP (100%), increased sGOT (33.3%), increased sGPT (34.9%), pyuria (41.5%), proteinuria (5.6%), microscopic hematuria (9.7%), and abnormalities of EKG (23.5%). 5) Abnormal findings of the heart were found in 27.2% by echocardiogram and coronary aneurysm and dilatation were present in 19.7%. 6) Among 147 cases assessed by echocardiogram, the abnormalities of coronary artery were present in 16 of 92 cases (17.4%) in the aspirin and intravenous gammaglobulin treated group, as compared with 13 of 55 cases (23.6%) in the aspirin treated group.
Alanine Transaminase ; Anemia ; Aspartate Aminotransferases ; Aspirin ; Coronary Aneurysm ; Coronary Vessels ; Dilatation ; Electrocardiography ; Extremities ; Female ; Fever ; Heart ; Hematuria ; Humans ; Incidence ; Leukocytosis ; Lip ; Lymphatic Diseases ; Mouth Mucosa ; Mucocutaneous Lymph Node Syndrome ; Pediatrics ; Proteinuria ; Pyuria ; Skin ; Thrombocytosis

Additional a case of ectopic kidney with a literatural review was presented. The terms renal ectopia describe kidneys which are congenitally located in abnormal anatomic positions. Its clinical interest is that it often confused with retroperitoneal tumor and pelvic tumor and other abdominal conditions. We experienced a case of ectopic kidney that was clinically confused with retroperitoneal tumor in 22-year old Korean male.
Humans ; Kidney* ; Male ; Young Adult

The cytolytic activity of CD4' T cells, both human and murine, has been clearly demonstrated in the immune response to mycobacterial infection and suggested to play a significant role in the protection and immunopathology. However, Uttle is known about the differentiation of CD4' CTL. In order to address this issue, we examined the influences of some factors on the generation of CD4' CTL specific to mycobacterial antigens. After 7 days' stimulation of PBMCs from healthy tuberculin reactors with mycobacterial antigens, the cytolytic activity of purised CD4' T cells toward autologous macrophages infected with mycobacteria was measured by Cr release assay. First, we found that both of live M. tubeiculosis and soluble antigens (ST-CF) induced the cytolytic activity of CD4' T cells, although the inducibility of the former was slightly greater than the latter. Second, the cytolytic activity was maximally induced at the relatively low antigen concentration (0.2:1 bacteria:monocyte ratio or 0.5 mg/ml of ST-CF). Finally, in the presence of increasing amounts of neutralizing anti-IL-12 or anti-IFN-r MoAb, the cytolytic activity of CD4+ T cells was decreased in a dose-dependent manner. These results suggest that low dose of antigen, its particulate type give mycobacteria), IL-12, and IFN-r give some positive signals for the generation of CD4+ CTL.
Humans ; Interleukin-12 ; Macrophages ; T-Lymphocytes* ; Tuberculin

No abstract available.
Child* ; Humans ; Paraquat* ; Poisoning*

Paget's disease of bone (osteitis deformans), a chronic osseous disease of unknown etiology, is extremely rarein Asia although well known in western countries. This disease is characterized by the simultaneous absorption ofbone and the new bone formation of abnormal character affecting middle and later age groups. The authorsexperienced a case of monostotic Paget's disease involving left pelvic bone in 56-years old female. To ourknowledge, this is the first cas report of monostotic Paget's in Korea.
Absorption ; Asia ; Female ; Humans ; Korea ; Osteitis Deformans ; Osteogenesis ; Pelvic Bones

PURPOSE: Nystagmus is a rare involuntary eye movement which has no known, specific, underlying diseases. Schizencephaly is also a rare disease. A child with generalized developmental delay came to the pediatric clinic. He showed schizencephaly on MRI, and was referred to department of rehabilitation. During rehabilitative evaluation, the patient was referred to the department of ophthalmology due to esotropia. We found that the patient had little esotropia, but did have nystagmus. Therefore, we report a case of congenital nystagmus associated with schizencephaly. METHODS: A one-year-old boy showing schizencephaly on MRI and esotropia underwent examination. RESULTS: The patient did not have a remarkable past or familial history, and didn't show any other anomaly. There were no abnormal findings on slit lamp examination, and according to strabismus studies, he showed very little esotropia. He did show nystagmus. We couldn't find any significant refractive error or ocular dysfunction on cycloplegic refraction and fundus examination, respectively. Visual evoked potential showed normal findings. On MRI, ordered by the pediatrician, open-lip type schizencephaly on the right frontal lobe and absence of septum pellucidum were seen. There was no endocrinologic abnormality. CONCLUSIONS: We report the case of a child with congenital nystagmus accompanied by schizencephaly, and present a literature review.
Child* ; Esotropia ; Evoked Potentials, Visual ; Eye Movements ; Frontal Lobe ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Malformations of Cortical Development* ; Nystagmus, Congenital ; Ophthalmology ; Rare Diseases ; Refractive Errors ; Rehabilitation ; Septum Pellucidum ; Strabismus

A 29-year-old male patient was admitted due to subacute onset of right chest pain. He had no history of trauma, chest surgery or other medical disease. Chest roentgenogram showed an expansile, radiolucent lesion on the posterior segment of right seventh rib. Computed tomogram of the chest also showed lytic expansile mass with septation. He took an en-bloc resection of the involved rib. Pathologically there were multiple cystic spaces, filled with blood and collagenofibrous tissue proliferation and locally areas of new bone formation and giant cells of osteoclastic type, which was compatible with aneurysmal bone cyst. We report a case of aneurysmal bone cyst of the rib with a brief review of literature.
Adult ; Aneurysm ; Bone Cysts ; Chest Pain ; Giant Cells ; Humans ; Male ; Osteoclasts ; Osteogenesis ; Ribs* ; Thorax

Twenty-eight cases of initial psoriasis were studied with histochemical methods in an attempt to obtain changes of acid mucopolysaccharides and mast cells. Early psoriatic lesions (pin head sized) and clinically uninvolved skin at distances of 2-4cm from the psoriatic lesions were excised respectively. The results are as follows; 1. Dermal changes were more prominent than the epidermal changes in almost all specimens in early psoriatic lesions. The main features of the dermal changes were perivascular inflammatory infiltrate which were consisted mainly of lymphoid cells. 2. Inflammatory infiltrate in the region of epidermal a.lteration and papillary edema is par ticulary striking. R. Among the 26 cases, the amount of acid mucopalysaccharides of initial lesion was lesser in 14 cases, greater in 4 cases and same in 8 cases as compared with clinically normal skin. 4. The number of mast cells of initial psoriatic lesion as compared with clinically normal skin was increased(p<0. 01).
Dermis* ; Edema ; Glycosaminoglycans ; Head ; Lymphocytes ; Mast Cells* ; Psoriasis* ; Skin ; Strikes, Employee