The inheritance of famous old traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) doctors plays an essential role in the fields of TCM research. Qualitative interviews allow for subjectivity and individuality within clinical experience as well as academic ideas of doctors, making it a potential appropriate research method for inheritance of famous old TCM doctors. We summarized current situations of inheritance research on famous old TCM doctors, and then discussed the feasibility of applying qualitative interviews in inheritance of famous old TCM doctors. By combining our experience in research on inheritance of famous old TCM doctors, we gave some advice on study design, interview implementation, data transcription and analyses , and report writing, providing a reference for further relevant research.
Humans ; Interviews as Topic ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Physicians ; Research Design ; Writing

Objective: To study the optimum process of Shanxiangyuan (Turnipia argute) Baccal Tablet. Methods: Inhibition effect on bacteria is observed and concentration of ursolic acid is determined for choosing the optimum process of Shangxiangyuan Baccal Tablet. Results: The optimum process is that the crude powder of the leaves of Turnipia arguta is soaked by 70% alchol for 72 hours and percolated. The liquid is concentrated to the density of 1.20. Sugar powder and dextin are as excipients. The granules are made by the way of spray drying. Conclusion: The process is reasonable and favorable for industrial production.

Acute Disease ; Adult ; Benzene ; poisoning ; Female ; Humans ; Leukemia ; chemically induced ; Occupational Exposure ; adverse effects

Desensitization, Immunologic ; methods ; Humans ; Injections, Subcutaneous

Administration, Inhalation ; Bronchiolitis ; drug therapy ; Bronchodilator Agents ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Budesonide ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Poly I-C ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use

OBJECTIVETo analyze the change in drug resistance of Staphylococcus aureus (SAU) in the PLA general hospital from January 2008 to December 2012, and to provide solid evidence to support the rational use of antibiotics for clinical applications.

METHODSThe SAU strains isolated from clinical samples in the hospital were collected and subjected to the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion test. The results were assessed based on the 2002 American National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards (NCCLS) guidelines.

RESULTSSAU strains were mainly isolated from sputum, urine, blood and wound excreta and distributed in penology, neurology wards, orthopedics and surgery ICU wards. Except for glycopeptide drugs, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) had a higher drug resistance rate than those of the other drugs and had significantly more resistance than methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) (P < 0.05). In the dynamic observation of drug resistance, we discovered a gradual increase in drug resistance to fourteen test drugs during the last five years.

CONCLUSIONDrug resistance rate of SAU stayed at a higher level over the last five years; moreover, the detection ratio of MRSA keeps rising year by year. It is crucial for physicians to use antibiotics rationally and monitor the change in drug resistance in a dynamic way.

Anti-Bacterial Agents ; pharmacology ; Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial ; Humans ; Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus ; drug effects ; Staphylococcal Infections ; drug therapy ; Staphylococcus aureus ; drug effects

Objective To compare the differences of lifestyle factors between patients with functional constipation (FC)and constipation-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-C).Methods From February 2011 to December 2014,255 patients with chronic constipation were enrolled.Among them,there were 170 FC patients and 85 IBS-C patients.At the same period,170 healthy volunteers without symptoms of digestive diseases within one year were recruited as control.The data of demographic information and lifestyle factors were collected.First,single variant analysis was performed for statistical analysis and then the statistically significant variants were analyzed by multivariate logistic regression. Then the factors of FC and IBS-C patients were analyzed by decision tree model and the effects of factors under different categories were analyzed.Results The results of single variant analysis indicated that there was no difference in lifestyle factors between FC group and IBS-C group (all P >0.05).The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that no independent protective or risk factors were found in IBS-C group compared with FC group.According to decision tree model analysis,body mass index (BMI),water intake per day and constipation family history were finally enrolled.The incidence of FC was higher in patients with BMI < 23.56 kg/m2 (except 18.74 to < 19.83 kg/m2 )(79.75 %).The incidence of FC was higher in patients with BMI from 18.74 to <19.83 kg/m2 and water intake <1 L
(66.67%).The incidence of FC was highest in patients with BMI≥23.56 kg/m2 and family history of constipation (70.00%).The total prediction accuracy of this model was 64.6% (42/65 )and area under curve (AUC)value was 0.688.Conclusions FC and IBS-C are related with many lifestyle factors.Low BMI and less water intake per day are influence factors of FC,while higher BMI and family history of constipation are influence factors of IBS-C.

Objective: To investigate the function of the ATP-sensitive K+(KATP) channel activation on the protective effect of hypercarbonic acidosis preconditioning on rabbit myocardial cells. Methods: Thirty-two rabbits were randomly divided into 4 groups (n = 8 for each group): pseudo-operation group (group P), ischemia and reperfusion group(group IR), hypercarbonic acidosis group(group H) and hypercarbonic acidosis+ glybenzcyclamide group (group H+G). Animals were ventilated normally in group IR and group P, tidal volume 15 mL/kg, breathing rate 35 bpm .The PETCO_2 was maintained at the level of 40-50 mm Hg for 30 minutes. Animals received low-frequency, low volume ventilation in group H group H+G, tidal volume 10 ml/kg, breathing rate 25 bpm to achieve hypercarbonic acidosis. The target value of PETCO_2 was 75-85 mm Hg. This value was maintained for 5 minutes. The animals then were ventilated normally to make the PETCO_2 return to 40-50 mm Hg. Animals were injected with 0.3 mg/kg glybenzcyclamide 10min before achieving hypercarbonic acidosis with hypoventilation in group H+G. Animals received ligation of left anterior branch artery for 30 minutes and reperfusion for 180 minutes in each group except P group. The myocardial ischemia area, the myocardial infarction area and their ratios were calculated by the ismaeil methods. Results: The ratio of the myocardial infarction area to the myocardial ischemia was significantly less in group H than those of group IR and group H+G (P < 0.01). The value of the ratio was similar between group H+G and group IR(P > 0.05). Conclusion: Hypercarbonic acidosis preconditioning can protect the cardiomyocytes by activating the KATP channel.

Objective To investigate the effect of high concentration carbon dioxide preconditioning on lipid peroxidation during myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) in rabbits. Methods Twenty-four New Zealand white rabbits weighing 2.0-3.9 kg were randomly divided into 3 groups ( n = 8 each): sham operation group (group S) , I/R group, high concentration carbon dioxide preconditioning group (group H) . The amimals were tracheal intubated and mechanically ventilated. In groups S and I/R, fresh gas flow was set at 0.3 L/min (100% O2 ), respiratory rate 30-40 bpm and tidal volume IS ml/kg, and PETCO2 was maintained at 40-50 mm Hg for 30 min. In group H, fresh gas flow was set at 0.3 L/min (100% O2), respiratory rate 20-30 bpm and tidal volume 10 ml/kg, PETO2 was maintained at 75-85 mm Hg for 5 min, and then all the ventilatory parameters were adjusted to the same as those in groups S and I/R. Myocardial I/R was produced by occlusion of left anterior descending branch of coronary artery for 30 min followed by 3 h reperfusion after preconditioning in groups I/R and H. The animals were sacrificed at the end of reperfusion and myocardial tissues obtained for determination of the superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and malondialdehyde (MDA) content and examination of the ultrastnicture of myocardium with the transmission electron microscope. Results The SOD activity was significantly lower, while MDA content higher in group I/R than in group S ( P ＜ 0.01) . The SOD activity was significantly higher, while MDA content lower in group H than in group I/R ( P ＜ 0.01) . The myocardial injury was attenuated in group H compared with group I/R. ConclusionHigh concentration carbon dioxide preconditioning can reduce myocardial I/R injury in rabbits through inhibiting lipid peroxidation.

Objective To investigate the effeets of ulimstatin on expression of intestinal defemin-5 mRNAin the rat model of sepsis.Method The experiment was performed in pharmaco-laboratory of medical college,Sun Yat-Sen University.sixty Sprague-Dawley rals were randomly divided into control,sepsis,pretreated andtreated groups(n=15).Semis was induced in the mts of latter three groups by cecal lifo.and puncture(CLP).The rats of pretreated group received 25 000 U/kg ulinastatin 2 hours before operation and the rats of uli-nastatin treated groups received 50 000 U/kg ulinastatin 2 hours after operation.Some pieces of ileum mucosa weretaken 12 h after CLP.Tge pathological changes were observed and the expression of RD-5 mRNA was detectedwith RT-PCR.All data were managed by SPSS 13.0 software and arIaIyzed by using One-way ANOVA and LSD-ttest.Results The expression of RD-5 mRNA in the rats of sepsis group significantly decreased compared to col-trol(P<0.05).The expression of RD-5 mRNA of pretreated and treated groups sigificantly inereased comparedto sepsis group(P<0.05);pretreated groups had more increased expression of,RD-5 mRNA compared to treatedgroups(P<0.05).Conclusions The expression of intestinal RD-5 mRNA significantly decreases in sepsis,which could be improved by the treatment of ulinadtatin leading to intestinal mucosal protection of the siqnifleant.The pretreatment may be more effective than the theTapeatic treatment in the rat model of sepsis.