No abstract available.
Child* ; Hepatitis B, Chronic* ; Hepatitis, Chronic* ; Humans

Observation of hemodynamic findings, E.K.G. findings and correlation between them were performed on 36 cases of atrial septal defect (secundum type) which were confirmed by cardisc catheterization and operation at the Department of Pediatrics and Chest Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital, during the past 13 years period from 1963 to 1976. The results were as follows; 1. On the E.K.G., 28 cases (77.8%) showed right axis deviation and 27 cases(75.0%) showed rSR?pattern on the right precordial lead. (V3R, V1) 2. Three cases showed increase in oxygen content over 0.9 vol. percent at the right ventricle over the right atrium 3. 20 cases (65.5%), among the total 31 cases, showed pressuere gradient of some degree between the systolic pressure of right ventricle and pulmonary artery, because of functional stenosis of pulmonary artery. In one case these was pressure gradient of 22 mmHg. 4.In 28 cases among the total 32 cases, showed pulmonary arterial pressure of less than 40mmHg, and 4 cases (12.4%) was more than 40mmHg. 5. All cases except one showed Qp/Qs of more than 2:1, and Qp/Qs of 2?:1 was the most common and 13 cases (44.8%), among the total 29 cases, belonged to this group. 6. Correlations between E.K.G. findings and right ventricular systolic pressure, were observed. In the group, with the right ventricular pressure over 40 mmHg, frontal QRS axis was shifted more to the right, a decrease in the incidence of rSR?pattern on the right precordial lead and an increase in the incidece of R/S ratio of greater than one in V1 were observed. It was also apparent that the average height of R wave in V1 increased with increasing pressure.
Arterial Pressure ; Axis, Cervical Vertebra ; Blood Pressure ; Catheterization ; Catheters ; Constriction, Pathologic ; Heart Atria ; Heart Septal Defects, Atrial* ; Heart Ventricles ; Hemodynamics* ; Incidence ; Oxygen ; Pediatrics ; Pulmonary Artery ; Seoul ; Thorax ; Ventricular Pressure

No abstract available.
Cutaneous Fistula ; Fistula*

BACKGROUND: Recent times, elderly population increased due to development of medical treatment and extension of the average span of a human life. Hereupon, variable studies and measures for elderly population were made an attempt in the world at large. In medical treatment, an aged person related an institutes begin to vivacious activity for reflection of this national concern. So we survey the transition of internal diseases of the aged in Korea for 10 years lo support the policy of medical treatment. METHODS: In order to access this study, we use data of korea medical insurance coorporation and national statistical office republic of Korea. We classified internal diseases into several diseases by age, and sex. RESULTS: 1. The transition of out-Patients Digestive troubles have the most high prevalence in both men and women, and cardiovascular diseases are become increasing. Endocrine diseases are become increasing also. 2. The transition of in-patients 1) 65-69 years old Neoplastic diseases and digestive diseases are high in men, but cardiovascular disease are become increasing. Digestive diseases are high in women but, cardiovascular disease and endocrine diseases are become increasing. 2) 70-74 years old Cardiovascular diseases are decreased in men and especially in women. 3) Over 75 years old Digestive diseases are decreased in both men and women, endocrine diseases and cardiovascular diseases are increased in women. 3. The transition of the cause of death. The cardiovascular diseases are high in both men and women, and showed decreasing tendency gradually, Neoplastic diseases and endocrine diseases are increasing in steady. CONCLUSION: In our data, the cardiovascular diseases are high especially, in women according to age in the transition of internal diseases of an aged man in Korea, recent 10 years and endocrine diseases are increasing in steady. So, in medical treatment, we must consider many-sided methods to access this population
Academies and Institutes ; Aged ; Cardiovascular Diseases ; Cause of Death ; Endocrine System Diseases ; Female ; Humans ; Insurance ; Korea* ; Male ; Outpatients ; Prevalence ; Republic of Korea

Lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] is considered an additional, independent and largely genetically determined risk factor for the development of premature coronary heart disease. Furthermore abnormal plasma lipoprotein patterns have been associated with increased risk for developing coronary heart disease. Among these lipoproteins, an increased concentration of serum Apo B and decreased level of Apo A are considered as major risk factors. together with elevated serum cholesterol and decreased HDL cholesterol. The aim of this study is to assess serum Lp(a) levels in newborns and to observe their evolution between brith, 7 days and 1 month in 64 healthy newborns by using ELISA method, Other lipid profiles were also measured and compared with feeding formula methods. The results obtained were as follows: 1) There were no significant changes from birth to 7 days, but was increased significantly after 7 days to 1 month of serum Lp(a) concentrations. 2) There were dramatic increases between birth and 7 days for Apo B and did not change between 7 days and 1 month, while Apo A-I was already present in significant levels at birth and was changed continuously between 7 days and 1 month. 3) There were marked increases between birth and 7 days for total cholesterol and triglycerides, while after 7 days the cholesterol levels only progressively increased until month. 4) There were continuous increases between birth and 7 days and 1 month for HDL-C, while LDL-C was markedly increased between birth and 7 days. 5) There were no significant correlations between serum Lp(a)concentrations and other lipid profiles neither age, sex and feeding formulas. In conclusion, our data suggest that the adequate timing for the screening test of Lp(a) in newborns is around 1 month after birth and there are no statistically significant correlations between Lp(a) and other lipid profiles.
Apolipoprotein A-I ; Apolipoproteins B ; Cholesterol ; Cholesterol, HDL ; Coronary Disease ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn* ; Lipoprotein(a)* ; Lipoproteins ; Mass Screening ; Parturition ; Plasma ; Risk Factors ; Triglycerides

A clinical study was made of 14 cases of distal rectal cancer treated at the Department of Surgery, St. Mary's Hospital, Catholic University Medical College, from January 1995 to April 1996. The patients were treated in a modified Thomas Jefferson program and received high doses of preoperative radiation followed by a sphincter saving procedure. The results are as follows: 1) There were 5 male patients (35.7%) and 9 female patients(64.3%). There was also a large number of patients in their 50s and 60s. 2) The preoperative pathologic type was a moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma. 3) Rectal bleeding was the most common symptom, followed by tenesmus, constipation, anal pain, and a tarry stool. 4) At diagnosis, the Thomas Jefferson (T.J.) system was used for the clinical stage of the patients. The clinical stage of disease showed a preponderance of T.J. stage I (10 patients), T.J stage II, III, and IV occurred in 2, 1, and 1 patient, respectively. 5) The most common site was 0-3 cm above dentate line (8 patients), followed by 4-6 cm (5 patients) and > 7 cm (1 patient) above the dentate line. 6) The complications after preoperative radiation therapy were diarrhea (3 patients) and perianal dermatitis (5 patients). 7) After preoperative radiation therapy, one case showed pathologic complete remission. 8) The procedure was a Transanal Abdominal TransAnal proctosigmoidectomy and coloanal anastomosis (TATA) in 11 patients, a low anterior resection in 1 patient, an abdominal perineal resection in 1 patient, and a colostomy in 1 patient. 9) The pathologic stage showed a preponderance of Duke's B2 and B1; 5 were B2, 4 were B1, 3 were C2, 1 was D, and 1 was O. 10) The postoperative complications after colostomy repair in TATA were frequent defecation, tenesmus, anal pain at defecation, and rectovaginal fistulas which subsided 3 months after colostomy repair.
Adenocarcinoma ; Colostomy ; Constipation ; Defecation ; Dermatitis ; Diagnosis ; Diarrhea ; Female ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Male ; Postoperative Complications ; Rectal Neoplasms* ; Rectovaginal Fistula

BACKGROUND: Diverticulosis of the cecum and ascending colon is a rare disease in Western countries, it is more common in the Orient. Making the diagnosis preoperatively could be difficult, and the intraoperative assessment and decision of optimal treatments are difficult. METHODS: Therefore, we reviewed the patient's charts of diverticulosis of the cecum and ascending colon at our hospital from 1992 to 1997. RESULTS: During the past 5 years, a total of 53 cases of diverticulosis of the cecum and ascending colon had been treated at this hospital. Mean age was 41.8 years (range 20-70). The male to female ratio was 1.8 : 1. Frequent complaints were abdominal pain (46 cases, 86.8%), followed by diarrhea (5 cases, 9.3%), indigestion (4 cases, 7.5%), and bowel habits change (2 cases, 3.8%). Mean duration of illness was 3.5 days(range 24 hours~15 days). In non-surgical cases, diagnoses were established with barium enema, CT scan, or ultrasonography. The accuracy of these methods was 91%, 75%, and 25%. In surgical cases, the preoperative diagnoses were appendicitis(13 cases, 50.1%), diverticulitis (7 cases, 31.8%), and abscess (2 cases, 9.1%). Treatments of the cecum and ascending colon diverticulitis were conservative management (3 teases,58.5%) and surgical treatment (22 cases,41.5%). The operative procedures were right hemicolectomies (2 cases), ileocecal resections (2 cases), diverticulectomies (6 cases) and appendectomies only (11 cases). CONCLUSION: These results suggest that correct diagnosis of the diverticulitis of the cecum and ascending colon made before treatment is very important because correct assessment of diverticulitis intraoperatively is difacut. Liberal use of diagnostic modalities could facilitate to make correct diagnosis to set a proper plan for treatment.
Abdominal Pain ; Abscess ; Appendectomy ; Barium ; Cecum* ; Colon, Ascending* ; Diagnosis ; Diarrhea ; Diverticulitis ; Diverticulum* ; Dyspepsia ; Enema ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Rare Diseases ; Surgical Procedures, Operative ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Ultrasonography

PURPOSE: To report a case of peripheral ulcerative keratitis in a case of primary herpes simplex infection. CASE SUMMARY: A 7-year-old male complaining of pain, redness, and decreased vision in the left eye 5 days in duration visited our clinic. The patient had also vesicular lesions over the edematous left upper eyelid. Slit-lamp examination revealed peripheral ulcerative keratitis with stromal infiltration involving the superior peripheral cornea. Corneal sensation in the left eye was decreased. The patient was advised to use topical and oral antiviral agents and a topical steroid. After 5 days of follow-up, the corneal lesions were decreased and vesicles were absent. Six months later, only minor opacities remained in the cornea. CONCLUSIONS: We report the first case report in Korea of peripheral ulcerative keratitis with blepharoconjunctivitis presented as primary herpes simplex infection which responded to antiviral and steroid treatment in a young male.
Antiviral Agents ; Child* ; Cornea ; Corneal Ulcer* ; Eyelids ; Follow-Up Studies ; Herpes Simplex* ; Humans ; Korea ; Male ; Sensation

BACKGROUND: Livedo vasculitis predominantly affects middle-aged females with relapses in summer, and fluctuating in winter. It develops spontaneously or in association with connective tissue disorders. Histopathologically, the common feature is partial or complete obstruction of vessels with deposits of fibrinoid material in the upper and mid-derrnal vessel walls. Many studies of large series have been reported in the west, but few collective studies of livedo vasculitis have been reported in Korea. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to clarify the clinical and histopathologic features of the livedo vasculitis in Korea. METHODS: 19 patients with livedo vasculitis who had visited the Department of Dermatolagy, Chung-Ang University Hospital during the last 9 years(19861 - 1994.12) were evaluated. RESULTS: 1. The age distribution was in the range of 5-73 years. The prevalence was highest in the third decade. Sex ratio was 1.7: 1.0(12 males : 7 females). 2. All patients had purpuric or telangiectatic lesions on the lower extremities. Painful ulcers developed in 11 patients(78.9%), livedo reticularis in 8(42.1%), and healed leaving whithish atrophic scars in 4 patients(21.1%). 3. In 9 patients(47.4%) the skin lesions developed or aggravated in summer, 6 patients(31.6% ) in winter, 3 patients(15.8%) in spring, and 1 patient(5.3%) in autumn. 4. Leukocytosis was observed in 3 of 17 patients, and VDRL test was positive in 2 of 12 patients. ANA test was positive(1: 40, speckled pattern) in 3 of 7 patients. 5. Histopathologically, partial to complete obstruction of dermal blood vessels with fibrinoid thrombi, endothelial swelling, and extravasation of RBCs were observed in upper and mid-dermis. 6. 16 patients were treated with aspirin, dipyridamole, pentoxifylline and corticosteroid and among them, 10(62.5%) patients were improved slowly, but, 6(37.5%) patients turned out no response or even aggravation. CONCLUSION: According to this study, seasonal variation of livedo vasculitis showed a tendency tn aggravate in summer and winter. We found that livedo reticularis, which showed slow reduction of blood flow in the subpaillary venous plexus were often followed by livedo vasculitis.
Age Distribution ; Aspirin ; Blood Vessels ; Cicatrix ; Connective Tissue ; Dipyridamole ; Female ; Humans ; Korea ; Leukocytosis ; Livedo Reticularis ; Lower Extremity ; Male ; Pentoxifylline ; Prevalence ; Recurrence ; Seasons ; Sex Ratio ; Skin ; Ulcer ; Vasculitis*

BACKGROUND: Nitric oxide (NO) plays an important role in inflammation and multiple stages of carcinogenesis. Green tea (Camellia sinensis) polyphenols are potent antiinflammatory agents and have been shown to inhibit NO production in tumor cell lines. In the present study, we examined the effect of epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), a green tea polyphenol, on the expression of inducible NO synthase (iNOS) mRNA and generation of NO in HaCaT cells. METHODS: HaCaT cells were treated with 10 M EGCG and 100 M NAC for 1 hour. 1 hour later, they were irradiated with 50mJ/cm2 UVB and treated with 200 g/ml LPS for 12 hours, respectively. The iNOS mRNA was determined by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and NO production was assessed by spectrophotometric method based on Griess reaction. Nuclear factor B (NF- B) binding activity was determined by electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA). RESULTS: The results were as follows 1. EGCG inhibited UVB and LPS induced expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase. 2. HaCaT cells cotreated with EGCG produced significantly less iNOS mRNA and NO compared with HaCaT cells stimulated with UVB irradiation or LPS. 3. The inhibition of iNOS mRNA and NO production correlated with the suppression of expression of NF- B dependent gene iNOS. 4. EGCG inhibited the activation and translocation of NF- B to the nucleus. CONCLUSION: Our data suggests that EGCG inhibits the UVB and LPS-induced production of NO in HaCaT cells by interfering with the activation of NF- B through a novel mechanism. Our results further suggest that EGCG may be therapeutically effective in UVB and cytokine induced cutaneous inflammation.