No abstract available.
Cerebral Palsy* ; Early Diagnosis* ; Neurologic Examination*

No abstract available.
Neutrophils*

No abstract available.
Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation* ; Thrombosis*

The purpose of this study was to investigate the morphologic changes of the bile canaliculi and its associated structures of the liver induced by common bile duct ligation(CBDL) in the rat. The canalicular surface and lateral surface of the dry-fractured hepatocytes was studied with scanning electron microscopy at 1~6 weeks post ligation. The first week after CBDL, the bile canaliculi were dilated. The microvilli were increased in number and the lumens contained granular materials After 2 weeks or more, the bile canaliculi were dilated to a variable degree, and with irregularity, measuring from 1.5 to 5 micrometer in diameter, and in the advanced stage, the canaliculi showed blunting and the disappearance of microvilli. Some canaliculi had sprouting side branches. At 4~6 weeks post-ligation, the lateral surface of the hepatocytes also showed some irregularity and a tortuous appearance, and numerous small sized microvillous projections were formed. The tubular structures of the proliferated SER distributed adjacent to the lateral surface of the hepatocytes, and the direct connection of a tubular structure and the cytoplasmic membrane was observed. These results suggest that the deformity and loss of microvilli of bile canaliculi reflect the disturbance of bile secretion from the hepatocytes. And prolonged obstruction of bile flow may result in bile excretion via the lateral surface of hepatocytes.
Rats ; Animals

Various anatomical defects have been described in the surviving twin who had a stillborn, macerated monozygotic co-twin with Disseminated Intravascular Coargulation. The etiology is thought to be placental transfer of emboli or thromboplastic material through placental vascular anastomoses. We experienced a case of monozygotic twin with deceased co-twin at 30 weeks of gestation and confirmed to have antenatal periventricular germinal matrix and intraventricular hemorrhage, multicystic periventricular leukomalacia and diffuse encephalomalacia by neurosonography on first day of life despite of no clinical evidence of brain damage. The pathologic findings of placenta revealed infarct with massive fibrin deposition. A brief review of related literature is presented.
Brain* ; Encephalomalacia ; Fibrin ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Leukomalacia, Periventricular ; Placenta ; Pregnancy ; Twins ; Twins, Monozygotic*

Fifty six urethroplasties performed from Jan. 1971 to Dec. 1976 at the Dept. of Urology, Kyung pook National University Hospital were reviewed respectively with particular attention to complications relating injury site to operative procedure. During the period the total number of patients with urethral injury was 71, of whom 56 under went a urethroplasty and the remaining 15 were treated conservatively. Of the 56 patients had urethroplasties 21 had for anterior urethral injury, in whom 13 underwent a primary realignment procedure and eight a perineal end-to-end anastomosis. Urethral stricture developed in seven(61. 5%) of the 13 primary realignment procedures, while in only one of the eight perineal end-to-end anastomoses. No impotence did occur in patients with the anterior urethral injury. Posterior urethroplasty was performed in 32 patients, of whom 30 had a primary realignment procedure and the remaining two a perineal end-to-end anastomosis with suprapubic cystostomy. Urethral stricture was developed in 20, impotence in seven, and fistula in two of the 30 primary realignment procedures. Results from the present study show that the primary realignment procedure is more likely to complicate urethral stricture regardless the site of injury, compared with the perineal end-to-end anastomosis.
Cystostomy ; Erectile Dysfunction ; Fistula ; Humans ; Male ; Surgical Procedures, Operative ; Urethral Stricture ; Urology

Recent electrophysiological data have provided the evidences that background currents such as Na(+)-Ca2+ exchange can significantly modulate cardiac pacemaker activity. In this study, the effects of extracellular Na+ and Ca2+ concentrations on the pacemaker activity were investigated by measuring the intracellular Na+ activity (aiNa) with Na(+)-selective microelectrodes and the results are summarized as follows. 1) In the rabbit SA node, aiNa was 3.2 +/- 0.3 mM and mean MDP (maximal diastolic potential) was -63.3 +/- 1.4 mV. 2) Graded decreases of external Na+ concentration resulted in the loss of spontaneous beating, hyperpolarization and the decrease of aiNa. 3) An increase in extracellular Ca2+ concentration in low Na+ solution augmented the transient decrease of aiNa, about 3 minutes in low Na+ solution, until aiNa started to increase. 4) In low Na+ solution, which had extracellular Ca2+ concentration according to the calculation based on the equilibrium state of Na+-Ca2+ exchange, aiNa was continuously decreased. It was concluded that intracellular Na+ activity modulated by Na+-Ca2+ exchange could play an important role in the initiation of pacemaker potential.
Action Potentials ; Animal ; Biological Transport ; Calcium/*metabolism/physiology ; Electrophysiology ; Female ; Male ; Pacemaker, Artificial ; Rabbits ; Sinoatrial Node/*metabolism/physiology ; Sodium/*metabolism/physiology ; Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

PURPOSE: Our objective was to evaluate mammographic findings of breast cancer in men. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study includes 9 man with breast cancer diagnosed pathologically by radical mastectomy. Clinical and pathologic data were obtained by review of patients' medical record. Mammograms were analysed retrospectively. RESULTS: Of the 9 patients, eight had masses with spiculated margin or schirrous pattern with irregular margin. One patient had no specific evidence of breast cancer mammographically. Microcalcifications were seen in three patients, these calcifications were irregular in shape and were clustered. Of the 8 cases, four patients had the masses at the right breast, four at the left breast. Locations of breast cancer were subareolar(n=4) and were eccentric(n=4) from the nipple. The most common location was the upper outer quadrant. On histologic evaluation, 7 cases were infiltrating ductal carcinomas, one case was mucinous adenocarcinoma, and the remainder was proved as combined form of intraductal and infiltrating ductal carcinoma. Axillary lymph node metastasis were found in 4 cases. CONCLUSION: Mammographic findings of male breast carcinoma were that of subareolar or eccentrically located mass. Calcifications were same to the patterns of calcification as female breast cancer.
Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous ; Breast ; Breast Neoplasms ; Breast Neoplasms, Male* ; Carcinoma, Ductal ; Female ; Humans ; Lymph Nodes ; Male ; Male* ; Mastectomy, Radical ; Medical Records ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Nipples ; Retrospective Studies

PURPOSE: Our objective was to evaluate mammographic findings of breast cancer in men. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study includes 9 man with breast cancer diagnosed pathologically by radical mastectomy. Clinical and pathologic data were obtained by review of patients' medical record. Mammograms were analysed retrospectively. RESULTS: Of the 9 patients, eight had masses with spiculated margin or schirrous pattern with irregular margin. One patient had no specific evidence of breast cancer mammographically. Microcalcifications were seen in three patients, these calcifications were irregular in shape and were clustered. Of the 8 cases, four patients had the masses at the right breast, four at the left breast. Locations of breast cancer were subareolar(n=4) and were eccentric(n=4) from the nipple. The most common location was the upper outer quadrant. On histologic evaluation, 7 cases were infiltrating ductal carcinomas, one case was mucinous adenocarcinoma, and the remainder was proved as combined form of intraductal and infiltrating ductal carcinoma. Axillary lymph node metastasis were found in 4 cases. CONCLUSION: Mammographic findings of male breast carcinoma were that of subareolar or eccentrically located mass. Calcifications were same to the patterns of calcification as female breast cancer.
Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous ; Breast ; Breast Neoplasms ; Breast Neoplasms, Male* ; Carcinoma, Ductal ; Female ; Humans ; Lymph Nodes ; Male ; Male* ; Mastectomy, Radical ; Medical Records ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Nipples ; Retrospective Studies

No abstract available.
Humans ; Hyperbilirubinemia* ; Infant, Newborn*