This erratum is being published to revise the website address of the Korean Reference Genome Database (KRGDB) and correct two typographical errors in the article.

Many factors including social rejection, family problems, loss of educational opportunity, fear, prejudice and ignorance, compound the inherent paychologicaI stress of leprosy. In ligh.t of these problems this present study was undertaken to evaluate the psychologica.l status of 1cprosy patients. The subjects of the present study were 220 patients staying at home and 304 control people living in similar isolated areas to resettlemert villages. A self reprort symptom inventory,, SCL--90 symptom check list 90) was used and the group", were analysed and compand by many factors. The results of this study are follows. -countinue-
Humans ; Leprosy* ; Prejudice ; Social Distance

Clear cell carcinoma of ovary is a rare epithelial ovarian tumor, and increased in its incidence recently. Clear cell carcinoma of ovary was known t,o be highly malignant than other epithelial ovarian tumors. The clinical and pathologic findings of two casea af clear cell carcinoma of ovary are reported and reviewed briefly.
Female ; Incidence ; Ovary*

BACKGROUND: Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia/ thrombosis (HITT) is recognized as the most frequent and fatal symptom complexes in patients receiving heparin therapy. The antibodies of HITT are not directly bound to heparin but bound to complexes of heparin and platelet factor 4 (PF4) derived from platelet alpha-granules. That is, HITT IgG antibody-heparin-PF4 immune complexes are bound to FcgammaRII receptor of platelets, which induced thrombocytopenia. Some researches showed the antibodies reactive to platelets could be IgM or IgA as well as IgG. So in this study, the authors tried to explain the molecular basis of heparin-PF4-isoantibody complexes . METHODS: In HITT patients who had received long-term heparin therapy, we determined HITT isoantibodies and titers using heparin:PF4 ELISA. When fifteen HITT patients with high titer antibodies (more than 1 : 100) were selected, reaction patterns of isoantibodies with the platelets were examined through serotonin release test and flow cytometry. RESULTS: All patients showed one or more isotype antibodies and the most frequent isotype was IgGl (nine patients) . In the presence of optimal concentra pion of heparin and PF4, ten patients had antibodies which activated platelets, and all of them were positive in serotonin release test. Reactive plasmas had IgGl, IgG3, IgA or IgM antibodies, and each of them except one had IgGl. These platelet activations could be blocked in vitro by anti-IV.3 antibody. Non-reactive plasmas were negative In serotonin release assay nor had TgGl. The plasmas 4hat had two or more isoantibodies showed a similar pattern of the IgG antibody by flow cytometry. CONCLUSIONS: The HITT antibodies can be all kinds of antibody isotopes, but IgA and IgM may not bind to the platelets directly. It seems to be possible only after reacting with heparin-PF4-IgG complexes.
Antibodies ; Antigen-Antibody Complex ; Blood Platelets ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Flow Cytometry ; Heparin ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin A ; Immunoglobulin G ; Immunoglobulin M ; Isoantibodies ; Isotopes ; Mesons ; Plasma ; Platelet Activation ; Platelet Factor 4 ; Serotonin ; Thrombocytopenia ; Thrombosis*

No abstract available.
Immunosuppression* ; Prognosis* ; Transplantation*

OBJECTIVES: This study was aimed to examine whether participants of a Korean candlelight rally had correct medical information about human mad cow disease and rational attitudes about imported U.S. beef in relation to human mad cow disease. METHODS: A total of 393 face-to-face interviews were conducted, and subjects completed questions about prevalence of senile dementia and human mad cow disease in U.S. and whether they will eat U.S. beef even if no cases of human mad cow disease occurred in the U.S. or if the chance of being affected with human mad cow disease was lower than dying in a plane crash. RESULTS: Correct answer rates to the questions about prevalence of senile dementia and human mad cow disease were 28.2% and 36.1%, respectively. A majority of respondents answered that they would not eat U.S. beef even if there were no reported cases of human mad cow disease in the U.S. or if their chance of being affected with human mad cow disease was lower than dying in a plane crash (75.6% and 86.0%, respectively). CONCLUSION: At least 64.4% of participants had incorrect medical information about human mad cow disease, and their attitudes about imported U.S. beef may be rooted in emotion rather than fact.
Adenine Nucleotides ; Alzheimer Disease ; Animals ; Cattle ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Encephalopathy, Bovine Spongiform ; Humans ; Korea ; Mycophenolic Acid ; Prevalence

PURPOSE: Endovenous laser treatment for incompetent great saphenous vein (GSV) has been recently proposed as an effective means of treatment. The aim of this study is to identify the complications and safety of EVLT as the main treatment for primary varicose vein incompetence when used concomitantly with miniphlebectomy and sclerotherapy. METHODS: We reviewed the records of 153 patients who underwent EVLT. Venous duplex scanning was performed 3 months after surgery in all the patients. The clinical outcomes were evaluated using questionnaires at the outpatient clinic or through phone calls. RESULTS: Considering the 97% satisfaction rate of EVLT, EVLT was an effective treatment for primary varicose vein. We observed complications such as paresthesia (20.9%), pain lasting more than 2 weeks (11.8%), ecchymosis or bruising (7.2%) that subsided spontaneously, superficial burn (5.2%) and phlebitis (2%) that was controlled by conservative treatment. The GSV recanalization rate 3 months after the procedure was 3.3%, resulting in a 96.7% success rate. CONCLUSION: The early results indicate that EVLT is an effective and safe procedure to eliminate the SFJ (sapheno-femoral junction) and obliteration of the GSV. However, long-term follow-up is necessary in our study. Better treatment outcomes are possible with accumulated experience and the establishment of strict indications for EVLT.
Ambulatory Care Facilities ; Burns ; Ecchymosis ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Paresthesia ; Phlebitis ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Saphenous Vein ; Sclerotherapy ; Varicose Veins*

No abstract available.

Tuberculous spondylitis is not rare disease. Today the posterior instrumentation and posterior or posterolateral fusion concomitant with the anterior decompression and anterior interbody fusion have been used for the treatment of spinal tuberculosis. The authors experienced a case of tuberculous spondylitis complicated with descending aortic pseudoaneurysm. An aneurysm is defined as a localized dilatation of an artery that is at least one-half the size greater than is expected for that artery. Pseudoaneurysm occurring after previous operation, trauma, and infection. Erosion of the thoracic aorta with the development of an fistula in the presence of infection is an unusual and difficult problem to manage. We report a case and review related articles briefly.
Aneurysm ; Aneurysm, False* ; Aorta, Thoracic ; Arteries ; Decompression ; Dilatation ; Fistula ; Rare Diseases ; Spondylitis* ; Tuberculosis, Spinal

This study was carried out to evaluate the aberrant expression of p53 protein using immunobistochemical method in 54 surgically resected liver cell carcinomas and to correlate it with clinical and pathological findings. Twenty five out of 54 cases(46%) showed positive reaction in the nucleus of liver cell carcinoma and negative reaction in associated 30 cases of cirrhosis, one case of adenoma and two cases of adenomatous hyperplasia. The p53 protein expression was associated with alpha-FP level(p<0.05), but not associated with HBsAg positivity. It was significantly associated with WHO classification, Edmondson-Steiner grade and nuclear grade p53(p<0.05), but not associated with tumor size, capsule formation, portal vein invasion, cirrhosis in surrounding tissue, Eggel classification, special cell type and mitosis. In conclusion, our results suggest that the aberrant expression of p53 protein can be an advisory factor, at least, for prognosis evaluation.
Adenoma