4 weeks of arrested embryos.The AAH expression was found to have the similar result as HIF-1?'s.Conclusions The expression level of HIF-1? and AAH in villi of missed abortion patients is much lower than that of normal early pregnant women.HIF-1? and AAH have a function of supporting normal pregnancy,so their low expression may be an important cause of missed abortion.

A umbilical omphalomesenteric duct polyp is the result of incomplete closure of the omphalomesenteric duct, which connects the midgut with the yolk sac of the embryo. It may be associated with underlying embryologic anomalies such as Meckels diverticulum and umbilical enteric fistula, the complications of which may at times be fatal. This rare malformation should be clinically discerned from persistent granulation tissue or pyogenic granuloma. Histologically, it shows a polypoid lesion consisting of ectopic gastrointestinal epithelium with the appearance of gastric, intestinal, or colonic mucosa. We report a case of an umbilical omphalomesenteric duct polyp in an 8-year-old male patient, who had had a bright-red polyp on the umbilicus from the age of 1 month and had not had any other types of underlying abnormalities.
Child ; Colon ; Diverticulum ; Embryonic Structures ; Epithelium ; Fistula ; Granulation Tissue ; Granuloma, Pyogenic ; Humans ; Male ; Mucous Membrane ; Polyps* ; Umbilicus ; Vitelline Duct* ; Yolk Sac

No abstract available.
Bile Ducts* ; Bile* ; Constriction, Pathologic*

PURPOSE: To obtain the normal standard of the electrocardiogram(ECG) in newborn infants, METHODS: Standard 12-lead ECG recordings of 146 healthy neonates of gestational age above 30 weeks recorded in 24 hours after birth were analyzed for the following parameters: heart rate, QRS axis, PR interval, QTc interval, R and S wave amplitude. RESULTS: The mean gestational age of preterm(between 30 and 37 weeks) and term infants was 33.2 +/-2.4 and 38.4+/-3.2 weeks, and the mean birth weight was 2,168+/-371 g and 3,254+/-436 g, respectively. There was no meaningful difference between two groups in heart rate, PR interval, QTc interval, and QRS axis. Amplitudes of R waves in V1>-V6 leads and S waves in V2, V3 and V5 leads in term baby group were significantly larger than those in preterm baby group. The sum of amplitudes of R and S waves was largest in V2. The amplitude of combined R+S waves in V2 and V3 leads was significantly larger than that in V5 and V6 leads in both groups. This difference was more prominent in tbaby group. CONCLUSION: The results suggest that the increase in cardiac muscular mass and progressive right ventricular predominance are in accordance with the increase in gestational age.
Axis, Cervical Vertebra ; Birth Weight ; Electrocardiography* ; Gestational Age ; Heart Rate ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn* ; Parturition

A 51-year-old Korean woman presented with a non-tender, well-demarcated, reddish, edematous patch on the right anterior chest where a previous mastectomy and radiation therapy had been performed. She had been diagnosed as having infiltrating ductal carcinoma of the right breast about 1 year ago. Histopathological findings of the skin lesions were consistent with inflammatory metastatic carcinoma of the breast. Inflammatory carcinoma or carcinoma erysipeloides is a well-established entity most frequently associated with carcinoma of the breast. It is characterized by dermal lymphatic invasion by malignancy and clinically should be distinguished from erysipelas or cellulitis. We describe a case of inflammatory metastatic carcinoma derived from an infiltrating ductal carcinoma of the breast which can be clinically confused with radiation dermatitis.
Breast* ; Carcinoma, Ductal ; Cellulitis ; Dermatitis ; Erysipelas ; Erysipeloid ; Female ; Humans ; Mastectomy ; Middle Aged ; Skin ; Thorax

Objective To construct PPAR?and PPAR?response element (PPRE)-controlled luciferase expression vectors,and to determine whether the traditional Chinese medicine emodin activates PPAR?and improves the glucose uptake by HepG2 hepatocytes.Methods (1) PPAR?and PPRE luciferase expression vectors were constructed and were applied to screen more than 20 ingredients of the traditional Chinese medicine. (2) HepG2 cells were incubated with emodin which can activate PPAR?and PPRE luciferase activity,and the PPAR?mRNA expression level was evaluated by RT-PCR/Southern blot.(3) PPAR?and glucose transporter 2 (Glut2) proteins were determined by Western blot analysis in HepG2 cells treated with emodin.(4) The glucose uptake rate was measured using 2-deoxy-[~3H]-D-glucose in HepG2 cells after treatment with emodin.Results (1) Emodin stimulated luciferase activity controlled by PPRE in dose-dependent manner at concentrations of 0.04 to 180?mol/L in COS-7 cells.The highest value was about 4 folds of control in the cells treated with 90?mol/L emodin (P

Objective To analyse the high-dose dexamethasone suppression test(HDDST)-related differences in the clinical and biochemical features of the patients with Cushing's disease Methods Cases were drawn from 60 consecutive patients with Cushing's disease,who were then divided into two groups according to the response to the HDDST.The clinical and biochemical features between two groups were compared.Results(1) Of the 60 patients with Cushing's disease,23.3%(14/60)of patients(group A)did not yield results of suppression with the HDDST,and the others(group B)did.No difference was found in the age[(33.8?10.4 vs 36.2?11.2)years]and duration of illness[(2.1?1.6 vs 3.9?3.1)years]between two groups.(2)In clinical features,the patients in group A were more likely to have edema of lower limbs(64.3% vs 32.6%),hypokalemia (71.4% vs 28.3%),secondary diabetes(57.1% vs 26.1%)and purple striae(85.7% vs 54.3%,all P

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The effects of high-intensity cycling as an adjuvant therapy for early-stage Parkinson's disease (PD) were highlighted recently. However, patients experience difficulties in maintaining these cycling training programs. The present study investigated the efficacy of cycling at a mild-to-moderate intensity in early-stage PD. METHODS: Thirteen PD patients were enrolled for 16 serial cycling sessions over a 2-month period. Motor function was assessed using the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale part III (UPDRS III) and Timed Up and Go (TUG) test as primary outcomes. The Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), modified Hoehn and Yahr Stage (mHYS), total UPDRS, Falls Efficacy Scale, New Freezing of Gait Questionnaire, Schwab and England Activities of Daily Living, 39-item Parkinson's Disease Questionnaire, Patient Global Impression of Change, and gait performance were assessed as secondary outcomes. RESULTS: The age and the age at onset were 59.67±7.24 and 53.23±10.26 years (mean±SD), respectively. The cycling cadence was 53.27±8.92 revolutions per minute. The UPDRS III score improved significantly after 8 training sessions (p=0.011) and 16 training sessions (T2) (p=0.001) in the off-state, and at T2 (p=0.004) in the on-state compared to pretraining (T0). The TUG duration was significantly shorter at T2 than at T0 (p < 0.05). The findings of MoCA, total UPDRS, double limb support time, and mHYS (in both the off- and on-states) also improved significantly at T2. CONCLUSIONS: Our pioneer study has demonstrated that a low-intensity progressive cycling exercise can improve motor function in PD, especially akinesia. The beneficial effects were similar to those of high-intensity rehabilitation programs.
Accidental Falls ; Activities of Daily Living ; Age of Onset ; Education ; England ; Extremities ; Freezing ; Gait ; Humans ; Methylenebis(chloroaniline) ; Parkinson Disease* ; Rehabilitation

Hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) is a highly contagious viral infection affecting young children during the spring to fall seasons. Recently, serious outbreaks of HFMD were reported frequently in the Asia-Pacific region, including China and Korea. The symptoms of HFMD are usually mild, comprising fever, loss of appetite, and a rash with blisters, which do not need specific treatment. However, there are uncommon neurological or cardiac complications such as meningitis and acute flaccid paralysis that can be fatal. HFMD is most commonly caused by infection with coxsackievirus A16, and secondly by enterovirus 71 (EV71). Many other strains of coxsackievirus and enterovirus can also cause HFMD. Importantly, HFMD caused by EV71 tends to be associated with fatal complications. Therefore, there is an urgent need to protect against EV71 infection. Development of vaccines against EV71 would be the most effective approach to prevent EV71 outbreaks. Here, we summarize EV71 infection and development of vaccines, focusing on current scientific and clinical progress.
Animals ; Appetite ; Blister ; Child ; China ; Disease Outbreaks ; Enterovirus* ; Exanthema ; Fever ; Foot-and-Mouth Disease ; Hand ; Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease ; Humans ; Korea ; Meningitis ; Models, Animal ; Paralysis ; Seasons ; Vaccines*

We aimed to investigate epidemiology and host- and pathogen-related factors associated with clinical severity of acute gastroenteritis (AGE) in children after rotavirus vaccination introduction. Factors assessed included age, co-infection with more than 2 viruses, and virus-toxigenic Clostridium difficile co-detection. Fecal samples and clinical information, including modified Vesikari scores, were collected from hospitalized children with AGE. The presence of enteric viruses and bacteria, including toxigenic C. difficile, was detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Among the 415 children included, virus was detected in stool of 282 (68.0%) children. Co-infection with more than 2 viruses and toxigenic C. difficile were found in 24 (8.5%) and 26 (9.2%) children with viral AGE, respectively. Norovirus (n = 130) infection, including norovirus-associated co-infection, was the most frequent infection, especially in children aged < 24 months (P < 0.001). In the severity-related analysis, age < 24 months was associated with greater diarrheal severity (P < 0.001) and modified Vesikari score (P = 0.001), after adjustment for other severity-related factors including rotavirus status. Although the age at infection with rotavirus was higher than that for other viruses (P = 0.001), rotavirus detection was the most significant risk factor for all severity parameters, including modified Vesikari score (P < 0.001). Viral co-infection and toxigenic C. difficile co-detection were not associated with any severity-related parameter. This information will be helpful in the management of childhood AGE in this era of rotavirus vaccination and availability of molecular diagnostic tests, which often lead to the simultaneous detection of multiple pathogens.
Bacteria ; Child ; Child, Hospitalized* ; Clostridium difficile ; Coinfection ; Epidemiology* ; Gastroenteritis* ; Humans ; Norovirus ; Pathology, Molecular ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Risk Factors ; Rotavirus* ; Vaccination*