According to the autopsy study for the temporomandibular joint disc position, rotation and sideway displacements as well as anterior displacement of TMJ discs are important aspect of internal derangement. There were some trials to suspect anterior and sideway disc displacements through MR images. But the sagittal and the coronal views of MRI could only show the image of cutted slices, these images were not sufficient for showing the entire correlations amomg glenoid fossa, condylar head and articular disc. In this study we combined the images of the each slice of sagittal views like drawing a map, then we could see the interrelations among these three major components of TMJ smore precisely. Applying this method to both asymtomatic volunteers and TMD patients, we classified the interrelationships between condylar head and articular disc of TMJ as twelve types. The distributions are as follows: 1. In asymptomatic volunteers cases, normal relations were 65.0%, sideways or rotational displacements without anterior displacement were 20.0%, only anterior displacements were 15.0%, and anterior displacements combined with rotational displacements were 5.0%. 2. In unaffected sides of TMD patients, normal relations were 42.1%, rotational displacements were 11.8% and anterior displacements were 47.0%. 3. In affected sides of TMD patients, normal relations were 10.6%, sideways or rotational displacements were 13.6%, anterior displacements were 75.8%. 4. In asymptomatic volunteers or unaffected sides of TMD patients, pure anterior displacement was more prominent than combined with sideways or rotational displacement, but in affected sides of TMD patients pure anterior displacement was less prominent.
Autopsy ; Head ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Temporomandibular Joint Disc ; Temporomandibular Joint* ; Volunteers

No abstract available.
Oocytes* ; Pregnancy* ; Spermatozoa*

No abstract available.
Seizures*

No abstract available.
Lymphangioma, Cystic*

We experienced one case of an unusual acute osteomyelitis of orbital margin, of which frontal, zygomatic and maxillary bone was involved in 10-month old infant. His clinical symptomes were similar to the acute osteomyelitis of superior maxilla but the primary site seemed to be in the frontal bone by history. We treated him with massive antibiotics and surgery (anterior approach). The causative organism was staphylococcus sureus, being very sensitive to penicillin. Also we reviewed the literatures of the orbital osteomyelitis comparing with thia case.
Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Frontal Bone* ; Humans ; Infant ; Maxilla* ; Orbit* ; Osteomyelitis* ; Penicillins ; Staphylococcus

Somatosensory evoked potentials(SSEP's) are commonly employed to monitor cerebral and spinal cord function in patients with various lesions in the nervous system. In this study, we evaluated SSEP's as a means of measuring not only neurophysiological function but also the alteration of blood folw in the territory of cerebral ischemia. We examined SSEP's and regional cerebral blood flow(rCBF) in the bilateral suprasy1vian gyri following unilateral middle cerebral artery(MCA) occlusion in 15 cats(Group II). The duration of arterial occlusion was 30 minutes followed by 1 hour of recirculation. Five additional cats served as sham-operated groups(Group I). The animals in Group II were divided into 2 subgroups according to the change of the observed rCBF in the ipsilateral hemisphere. Immediately after MCA occlusion, rCBF decreased from around 50 to 14mg/100g/min. Decreased rCBF was remained below 20ml/100g/min throughout the ischemic period in 6 cats(Group IIb), and in the remaining 9 cats, the decreased rCBF was increasing during ischemia although the blood flow was subnormal(Group IIa). The recovery of rCBF during recirculation was faster in Group IIa than in Group IIb. In Group IIa and IIb, there was a significant slowing of the interpeak latency between dorsal column nuclei(Fz) and the major negative deflection(MN) (P<0.05) in the ipsilateral hemisphere and a precipitous decrease in the amplitude of the ipsilateral P1-MN complex immediately after occlusion(P<0.05). In Group IIb the suppressed SSEP's did not show any recovery during ischemia, and recovered late during recirculation. In Group IIa the suppressed SSEP's tended to recover during recirculation. In Group IIa the suppressed SSEP's tended to recover during ischemia and recovered early during recirculation. SSEP's were not completely abolished throughout the experiment in any experimental grup. The relationship between the changes in rCBF and amplitude of SSEP's in the ipsilateral hemisphere was significant(r=0.943, P<0.05) during occlusion of the middle cerebral artery in Group IIa. However there was not any other relationship in the other groups or among other wave components. These results indicate that the suppression of SSEP's and their failure to recover during focal cerebral ischemia correlate with the lack of collateral circulation. Furthermore, SSEP's can be useful means to evaluate the reversibility of cerebral ischemia, which may be decided by existence of collateral circulation. And it appers that the time threshold for abolition of SSEP's is more than 30 minutes in focal cerebral ischemia in the cat.
Animals ; Brain Ischemia* ; Cats ; Cerebral Infarction* ; Collateral Circulation ; Evoked Potentials, Somatosensory* ; Humans ; Ischemia ; Middle Cerebral Artery ; Nervous System ; Spinal Cord

OBJECTIVE: In many TMD cases, deformed and reduced condyle heads were frequently observed. This study was prepared to compare the dimensions between normal and symptomatic condyles, using MR images. MATERIALS: One hundred and twenty one patients with clinical signs and MRI-confirmed diagnosis of disc displacement were selected for this study. Thirty eight TMJs from nineteen asymptomatic volunteers who had no clinical symptoms and no disc displacement on sagittal and coronal view of MRI, were served as normal. METHODS: Symptomatic condyles were classified according to the severity of the anterior disc displacement. The amount of anterior disc displacement was evaluated at sagittal section, and they were classified into 4 groups as normal(N), little(G0), mild(G1), moderate(G2) and severe displacement(G3). The dimentions of condyle were measured at the 200% magnified view, by digitizing program. All dimensions were compared among each groups on the central section of sagittal and coronal views, and the statistical analysis was performed. RESULTS: The mean value of anteroposterior length of normal condyle was 0.79+/-0.13cm at sagittal section and mediolateral length was 2.12+/-0.22cm on coronal section. The mean value of anteroposterior length of symptomatic condyle was 0.67+/-0.16cm at sagittal section and mediolateral length was 1.97+/-0.28cm on coronal section. CONCLUSIONS: The size of symptomatic condyle was smaller than normal TMJ. The size of condyle was decreased as the amount of the disc displacement was increased. The dimensional change was found on the anterior articular surface of condyle at the mild or moderate disc displacement. And at the case of severe disc displacement, dimensional change was found on the superior articular surface.
Diagnosis ; Head* ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Temporomandibular Joint ; Volunteers

BACKGROUND: TSH receptor blocking antibody (TRBAb) is a pathogenic factor in the vast majority of patients with primary myxedema. It has been reported that TRBAbs are found in some patients with chronic goitrous autoimmune thyroiditis (Hashimoto's thyroiditis), but the significance or the role of TRBAb in Hashimotos thyroiditis is not clear, We recently reported that hTSHR-CHO cells which express the functional human TSH receptors are more sensitive and are better in detecting functional TSH receptor antibodies in Graves patients than FRTL-5 cells. We are to investigate the biological role of TRBAb in Hashimotos thyroiditis by measuring thyroid stimulation blocking antibody (TSBAb) activities of Hashimoto's IgG's using hTSHR-CHO cells. Moreover, we are to see if there is any difference in epitope recognition between Hashimotos TRBAb and myxedema's TRBAb by measuring TSBAb activities with mutant receptor expressing cell lines, Mcl+2 and Mc 2 in those patients. METHOD: We measured TSBAb activities of IgGs from patients with primary myxedema (PM, n= 10) and those with hypothyroid (n 20) or euthyroid (n 17) Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) using wild type hTSHR-CHO cells (WT) and two chimeric receptor expressing cell lines, Mcl+2 and Mc2. RESULTS: TSBAb activities measured by WT were higher in hypothyroid HT than in euthyroid HT (30.0+-23.2% vs. 6.1+-28.7, p<0.05), and TSBAb-positive rate tend to be higher in the former (20%, 5/20) than in the latter (0%, 0/17, p=0.07). TRBAbs from PM (n=4) had high TBII activities and had persistent blocking activities despite of the replacement of amino acid residue 8~165 of extracellular domain of TSHR with those of rat LH/CGR (Mcl +2). However, TRBAbs from HT (n=4) had no TBII activity at all and lost blocking activities when measured with Mcl+2. CONCLUSION: TRBAbs are found in 20% of hypothyroid patients with Hashimotos thyroiditis in assay using hTSHR-CHO cells, and they seem to play a role in the development of hypothyroidism in some patients with Hashimotos thyroiditis. TRBAbs of Hashimotos thyroiditis are different in epitope recognition from TRBAbs of primary myxedema.
Animals ; Antibodies* ; Cell Line ; Humans ; Hypothyroidism ; Immunoglobulin G ; Myxedema ; Rats ; Receptors, Thyrotropin* ; Thyroid Gland* ; Thyroiditis* ; Thyroiditis, Autoimmune

BACKGROUND: There has been controversy over the prevalence of recoarctation in infants treated by subclavian flap aortoplasty (SFA) for coarctation of the aorta. To assess the rate of recurrence of coarctation after SFA, we reviewed the surgical results of SFA in infants with coarctation of the aorta. MATERIAL AND METHOD: Between 1986 and 1998, a total of 25 patients less than 1 year of age (12 neonates and 13 infants) underwent SFA for aortic coarctation. Age at operation was 3.0+/-3.0 months (mean +/- standard deviation); mean weight was 5.0+/-1.4kg. Classic SFA was performed in 20 patients, reversed SFA in 2 patients, subclavian artery reimplantation in 2 patients and the combined resection-flap aortoplasty in one. The aortic clamping time ranged from 20 to 88 minutes(mean 35.8 minutes). There were one operative death and two late deaths. There was no case of paraplegia or left arm ischemia in complications. Twenty-one (84%) of 24 hospital survivors were followed for 26.0+/-24.0 months. The risk of recoarctation in neonates (33.3%) was a little greater than infants (25.0%) without statistical significance. CONCLUSION: This study revealed that SFA resulted a relatively high incidence of recarctation in infants. It is desirable to select other methods of surgical treatment (combined resection-flap aortoplasty, extended end-to-end repair etc.) for severe isthmic coarctation or hypoplasia of the distal aortic arch in infants, instead of choosing SFA indiscriminately.
Aorta, Thoracic ; Aortic Coarctation* ; Arm ; Constriction ; Humans ; Incidence ; Infant* ; Infant, Newborn ; Ischemia ; Paraplegia ; Prevalence ; Recurrence ; Replantation ; Subclavian Artery ; Survivors

No abstract available.
Adenoma* ; Hyperaldosteronism*