Objective　To investigate the effect of breast milk and some other kinds of infant foods on the adhesion of EPEC to Hela cells and intestinal mucosa so as to understand the possible protective mechanism of breast-feeding in the intestine of infants. Methods　The adhesion of EPEC to Hela cells and intestinal mucosa were examined by cell culture, bacterial adherence test, light and electron microscopy in the mediums that contain breast milk, cow's milk and formula milk or contain ecal filtrate of the infants fed by breast milk and formula milk respectively. Results　Adhesive index for EPEC to Hela cells was significantly lower in the medium containing breast milk than in control and so did in the fecal medium containing breast fed infants than artificial feeding infants. Conclusion　Breast milk may inhibit the adhesion of EPEC to infant intestine.

Objective To explore the management of abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAAs) .Methods The clinical data of 26 patients with AAAs were reviewed retrospectively. Results In the 26 cases,dissection and true aneurysms were found in 3 and 21 respectively, 1 AAA ruptured followed by a false aneurysm formation,and 1 involved duodenojajunary curve to form an aorto intestinal fistul. The lesions involved the renal artery in 3, below renal artery in 23; AAA extended to both common iliac arteries in 12, to both common iliac arteries and one or both internal iliac artery in 5,to both or one common and ,lexternal.internal arteries in 2; Emergency operation was done on 3 patients, elective operation on 14, endoluminal treatment in 7 and conservative treatment in 2. Three cases developed mild postoperative complications. Operative mortality was 3.8% ( 1 case ). 22 patients were followed up for 3 month to 4 years, and living well. Conclusions Endolumianal treatment is the first choice for the AAAs patients . However, the traditional operation is still very important and effective for the patient who can not be treated by endoluminal treatment,especially with improvement of the surgical skills.

Objective To compare efficacy and side effects of intravenous versus oral indomethacin treatment for symptomatic patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) in preterm infants.Methods Fourty-nine preterm infants were reviewed retrospectively who were diagnosed as having symptomatic PDA confirmed by echocardiography.According to the using type and approach that were divided into 2 groups (intravenous group,n=21;oral group,n=28) and their doses and intervals were same.The rates of ductal closure and side effects were compared in 2 groups.Results There were no significantly different between 2 groups in single ductal closure and complicating other diseases. Soon closure of intravenous group was higher significantly than oral group [61.9 %(13/21) vs 28.6 %(8/28),P

Objective To investigate the incidence and pregnancy outcomes of premature rupture of membranes (PROM) in pregnant women in Beijing.Methods A retrospective multicenter study of 18 534 cases delivered in Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital,Beijing Friendship Hospital,Daxing MCH Hospital and Tongzhou MCH Hospital from January 2011 to December 2011,was conducted.Results Among 18 534 cases,PROM occurred in 4 504 cases (24.30％),including 3 910 cases of in term PROM (21.10％) and 594 cases of preterm PROM (3.20％).The incidence of premature delivery was 6.17％ (1 144/18 534),and among 1 144 cases of premature delivery 547 cases were PROM (47.81％);the incidence of PROM was 22.75％ (3 957/17 390) in term delivery.The overall cesarean section (CS) rate was 48.50％ (8 989/18 534) and that in pregnant women with PROM was 35.55％ (1 601/4 504),but the CS rate in pregnant women without PROM was 52.66％ (7 388/14 030).The rate of postpartum hemorrhage was 13.12％ (210/1 601)in CS cases and 4.17％ (121/2 903) in vaginal delivery cases (x2 =121.361,P=0.000).The mean hospital stay for PROM was (5.3±2.9) d in CS cases and (4.3±2.3) d in vaginal delivery cases (t =-12.136,P =0.000).Conclusions Without severe maternal or fetal complications,the incidence of PROM is relatively high in Beijing region and PROM may not increase the maternal or fetal complications.Vaginal delivery is the main mode of delivery for PROM.Cesarean section may not cause less neonatal complications,but may lead to more postpartum hemorrhage and longer hospital stay.

Objective To explore the significance of the changes of vaginal lactobacilli in normal pregnant women and those with bacterial vaginosis(BV). Methods A total of 309 pregnant women, including 50 pregnant women with bacterial vaginosis, were randomly selected. Lactobacilli isolated from the vaginas of pregnant women were identified by biochemical methods. The distribution of lactobacilli in the vaginas of pregnant women was observed. The ability to produce H 2O 2 and decrease the culture environment PH among four common lactobacilli in the vaginas of pregnant women was also compared. Results The detectable rate of lactobacilli in vaginas of the normal pregnant women was obviously higher than that of women with bacterial vaginosis. The predominant lactobacilli colonizing in the vaginas of the normal pregnant women were L. crispatus and L. acidophilus , most of which could produce H 2O 2. The frequency of H 2O 2 positive isolation in the vaginas of pregnant women was significantly higher than that of BV. Conclusion The study indicates that H 2O 2 positive lactobacilli plays an important role in the protection against vaginal infections in pregnant women.

A high active soybean isoflavone glucoside hydrolase-producing mould strain was isolated from spirit qu. Its optimal hydrolase-producing conditions were as follows: 2.5% wheat bran as carbon source, 1% NaNO3 as nitrogen source, initial pH7. 0, culture medium volume 40mL/250mL, inoculating quantity 8% , culture temperature 30℃, revolutions 160r/min and culture time 84h. The enzyme activity reached 82 U/mL. Cu2+ can inhibit Absidia sp. R strain from producing the hydrolase, the influence of other metal ions was not remarkable on it.

Objective To explore the surgical management of aortic diseases. Methods The clinical data of 45 cases of aortic diseases were analysed retrospectively. Results There were 37 males and 8 females.The age ranged from 21 85 years with a mean age of 64.7 years, Among these cases, 11 were thoracic aortic dissection, 2 were ruptured descending aortic local dissection and formed an aneurysm;above and below the renal artery abdominal aortic aneurysms( AAAs) were 3 and 23 respectively; complicated with rupture of the AAA in 2, and with aortojejumal fistula in 1;the other 3 cases were traumatic aortal rupture. Among the 45 cases, 18 underwent endoluminal treatment, 25 underwent AAA resection and artificial vessel implantment, and 3 underwent repair of the ruptured aorta. The operative mortality was 6.67% ( 3/45 ). 36 patients were followed up for 2 months to 4 years, all the 36 patients still alive well. Conclusions In the management of appropriate aortic diseases, endoluminal technique is much simple,safe, less trauma, and less complications, it can also short the hospital stay of the patient . However, with improvement of the surgical skills,the surgical operation is still very important and effective, especially for the cases who can not be treated via endovascular technique.

Objective To compare the changes in serum levels of high sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP)and uric acid(UA)before and after atorvastatin treatment for the patients with both essential hypertension and hypercholesterolemia,and to evaluate its effects on blood pressure and left ventricular remodeling.Methods One hundred and twenty-six hypertensive patients complicated with hypercholesterolemia were randomized into group A with amlodipine 10 mg/d(n = 65)and group B with amlodipine 10 mg/d plus atorvastatin 20 mg/d(n = 61),for three months continuously.Serum levels of total cholesterol(TC),low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol(LDL-C),high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C),triglyeerides(TG),hs-CRP and UA,as well as blood pressure,were determined for both groups before and after treatment.Left ventricular posterior wall thickness(LPWT)and interventricular septum thickness(IVST)were measured by echocardiography and left ventricle mass index(LVMI)was calculated.Results Serum levels of TC,LDL-C,HDL-C,TG,hs-CRP and UA decreased significantly in gr6up B after three-month treatment with atorvastatin,while serum level of HDL-C increased significantly. And,systolic and diastolic blood pressure reduced in both groups,but significantly lower in group B than those in group A,after treatment(P

Objective To explore the risk and treatment of laparoscopic cholecystectomy(LC) in patients with liver cirrhosis and cholelithiasis.Methods To summarize the clinical data of 28 patients with liver cirrhosis and cholelithiasis.The patients were repeated right upper quadrant pain,including 4 cases of gallbladder neck stones incarcerated,gallbladder effusion.Among them,there were 20 cases of hepatitis B cirrhosis,5 cases of schistosomiasis cirrhosis,3 cases of alcohol.Results There were 6 patients with hemorrhage during operation.Among them,5 patients were treated with gelatin sponge,hemostatic gauze and bio-glue spray to stop bleeding,1 case was transferred to open surgery because of bleeding.The remaining 27 cases of LC were successful.Complications occurred in 8 patients,3 cases of increased liver function abnormalities,1 case of upper gastrointestinal bleeding,1 case of mild hepatic encephalopathy,2 cases of significant ascites formation,1 patient underwent subtotal resection of the gallbladder with Hartmanns bag,and bile was found in the ascites after surgery,but the bile disappeared after five days.All patients with complications after symptomatic treatment were cured,no death,no major bleeding and liver failure,bile duct injury,severe biliary fistula and other serious complications.Conclusion Although the risk of LC in patients with liver cirrhosis is higher than that in the general population,with the help of current high-tech surgical instruments,we can safely accomplish this with an improved surgical procedure.As these patients require high technical requirements of surgery,surgeons must have a wealth of experience and familiar laparoscopic liver and gallbladder anatomy.

Calcinosis ; complications ; Decalcification Technique ; Humans ; Meningeal Neoplasms ; complications ; Meningioma ; complications ; Specimen Handling ; methods ; Ultrasonics