No abstract available.
Peptic Ulcer Perforation* ; Peptic Ulcer*

No abstract available.
Appendicitis* ; Child* ; Humans

No abstract available.
Humans

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPARgamma) has been implicated in the growth inhibition of a number of cancer cells. In the present study, we investigated the antitumor effect of the PPARgamma agonist rosiglitazone in U87MG human glioma cells. Rosiglitazone treatment in vitro reduced cell proliferation without induction of cell death in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Rosiglitazone decreased cell migration and mRNA level of MMP-9. Rosiglitazone treatment also induced marked changes in glioma cell morphology. Oral administration of rosiglitazone in animals with subcutaneous U87MG glioma cells reduced tumor volume. Subsequent tumor tissue analysis showed that rosiglitazone decreased the number of PCNA-positive staining cells and MMP-9 expression and induced apoptosis of tumor cells. These data suggest that rosiglitazone exerts antineoplastic effect in U87MG cells and may serve as potential therapeutic agent for malignant human gliomas.
Administration, Oral ; Animals ; Apoptosis ; Cell Death ; Cell Movement ; Cell Proliferation ; Glioma ; Humans ; Peroxisomes ; PPAR gamma ; RNA, Messenger ; Thiazolidinediones ; Tumor Burden

To evaluate characteristic CT findings of orbital pseudotumor and to define differentialpoints from other pathology, the authors retrospectively reviewed CT of 19 patients who were prooen to have orbital pseudotumor by clinical course and, in some cases, biopsy. A variety of CT findings including extraocular muscle thickening(11 cases), streaky infiltration of retroorbital fat(11 cases), mass formation(10 cases), optic nerve thickening (6 cases), conjunctival thickening (5 cases), scleral thickening(4cases), enlarged lacrimal gland(4 cases) and destruction of orbital bone (2 cases) were observed. Thickening of the anterior portion and irregular margin were characteristic findings of extraocular muscle and optic nerve lesions. Mass formation predominantly occurs in the anterior portion of the orbit. In most cases more than two orbital structures are involved by lesion.
Biopsy ; Humans ; Optic Nerve ; Orbit* ; Orbital Pseudotumor* ; Pathology ; Retrospective Studies

Intracranial subdural empyema is a neurosurgical emergency and an unusual condition which carries a serious incidence of mortality and morbidity if untreated. The subdural empyema developes from varied sources, but paranasal sinus, the ear and the mastoid process are predominantly affected and subtentorial empyema usually originates from otogenic intracranial complication. Its manifestations are variable such as impaired consciousness, headache, hemiparesis, acute fits, pyrexia, meningism, vomiting, papilledema. ophthalmoplegia, hemianopsia and dysphasia. Subtentorial empyema has additional cerebellar dysfunction syndromes. Early accurate diagnosis and surgical drainage are the most important factors affecting the prognosis. Recently, we experienced two cases of subtentorial empyema which were very rare otogenic intracranial complications. These patients were treated with suboccipital craniectomy, but reaccumulations of empyema and subsequent cerebellar abscess in one case occurred. Finally these patients were recovered without neurologic deficits. Reviewing our two cases and the literature, we are going to describe about causes, symptoms and signs, method of diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of subtentorial empyema.
Abscess ; Aphasia ; Cerebellar Diseases ; Consciousness ; Diagnosis ; Drainage ; Ear ; Emergencies ; Empyema* ; Empyema, Subdural ; Fever ; Headache ; Hemianopsia ; Humans ; Incidence ; Mastoid ; Meningism ; Mortality ; Neurologic Manifestations ; Ophthalmoplegia ; Papilledema ; Paresis ; Prognosis ; Vomiting

No abstract available.
Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive*

Nimodipine, a potent, central active, calcium channel blocker, is known to relieve vasospasm, increase cerebral blood flow(CBF) and affect positively on clinical outcome in patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage. Experimentally, the potent effects on both vascular dilatation and increasing CBF were proven. However, there are still controversies and many debates at present about the actual clinical effects of nimodipine on subarachnoid hemorrhage. To evaluate the clinical effectiveness of nimodipine on aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage in our series, we analyzed 122 consecutive patients with ruptured aneurysms who underwent operations between October, 1993 and June, 1995. These patients were grouped as follow: Group I consisted of 63 cases(52%) in which the patients were treated with nimodipine and Group II consisted of 59 cases(48%) in which the patients were treated conventionally. Administration of nimodipine was started immediately after the radiological diagnosis of ruptured aneurysm. The dose of nimodipine was 0.5microg/kg/min via continuous intravenous infusion for 7 to 10 days after the subarachnoid hemorrhage. After a course of intravenous treatment, oral administration of nimodipine was then continued for up to 21 days after subarachnoid hemorrhage in a dose of 60mg every four hours. We analyzed two groups based on patient's age, sex, aneurysmal location and size, timing of surgery, presence of hypertension, Hunt-Hess grade, presence of vasospasm on preoperative angiography and Fisher's CT classification. We also analyzed the incidence of delayed ischemic deficits(DID) and outcome(GOS) in each group. There were no significant differences in any of these parameters between nimodipine-treated group and the control group(p>0.05) and also, no significant differences in the distribution of DID or outcome between two groups (p>0.05). Based on these results, we conclude that nimodipine does not provide any significant beneficial effects on the prevention of DID and outcome in the patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage.
Administration, Oral ; Aneurysm* ; Aneurysm, Ruptured ; Angiography ; Calcium Channels ; Classification ; Diagnosis ; Dilatation ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Incidence ; Infusions, Intravenous ; Nimodipine* ; Subarachnoid Hemorrhage*

Aneurysms of the vertebrobasilar trunk pose a most difficult anatomic problem to access because these lesions are located in a small restricted area encased with thick dense bone, with a limited subarachnoid space, and are filled with the most dense collection of vital cranial nerves and vascular structures. So, "exposure is everything" is very appropriate for these lesion. Furthermore, while achieving maximum exposure, there must be a minimum of brain retraction to protect the patient from the injury. For achieve these purpose, several techniques that maximize lateral skull removal to provide a relatively short and flat route of access to the front of the brain stem and basilar artery, were introduced but full satisfaction was not achieved. Recently, transpetrosal approaches were applied to access into the anterior brain stem and clival region through the petrosal bone removal without brain or brain stem retraction and excellent results were reported. In this paper, detailed summary of steps of each petrosal approaches and illustrations form Fukushima's manual of skull base dissection will be presented after reviewing some articles about petrosal approaches.
Aneurysm ; Basilar Artery ; Brain ; Brain Stem ; Cranial Nerves ; Humans ; Intracranial Aneurysm* ; Skull ; Skull Base ; Subarachnoid Space

No abstract available.
Colorectal Neoplasms, Hereditary Nonpolyposis*