No abstract available.

Objective: The aim of this study was to develop a Korean version of the Thinking About Life Experiences (TALE-K) scale and to analyze the characteristics of autobiographical memory function (AMF) in community-dwelling older adults. Methods: To develop TALE-K, a translation and back-translation procedure followed by an understanding test was performed. Then, a survey was conducted to examine the associations of AMF with psychosocial variables using TALE-K, Index of Well-Being (IWB), Meaning in Life Scale for older adults, Revised UCLA Loneliness Scale, Medical Outcomes Study Social Support Survey, and Brief Resilience Scale. Results: Data from 75 community-dwelling older adults were used for the final analysis. The average scores of all three sub-scales of TALE-K were below 3 points (less frequent than occasionally). The correlation results showed that TALE-K total score was significantly associated with IWB and the Meaning in life scale for older adults. The multiple linear regression results present-ed that higher AMF was significantly associated with higher IWB, along with having siblings, higher meaning in life and resilience,and lower loneliness. Conclusion Including a validation study of TALE-K, studies for understanding the characteristics of AMF in older adults using TALE-K are needed.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the long-term outcomes of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) therapy for polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV) with feeder vessels and to investigate fellow-eye findings. METHODS: This retrospective observational study included 14 eyes with treatment-naïve PCV accompanied by feeder vessels that were treated with anti-VEGF monotherapy. The best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) at baseline was compared with that at the last follow-up. The fellow-eye indocyanine green angiography findings were also analyzed. RESULTS: The mean follow-up period was 28.1 ± 19.2 months (range, 12 to 60 months). During the follow-up period, 5.9 ± 2.5 anti-VEGF injections were administered. The logarithm of the minimal angle of resolution (logMAR) BCVAs at the time of diagnosis, at 3 months, and at the last follow-up were 0.81 ± 0.49, 0.55 ± 0.44, and 0.71 ± 0.54, respectively. Although the BCVA at the last follow-up was not different from the baseline value (p=0.809), an improvement of ≥0.2 logMAR BCVA was observed in seven eyes (50.0%). In 11 eyes that underwent bilateral indocyanine green angiography at diagnosis, PCV, branching vascular networks, and late geographic hyperfluorescence were noted in two (18.2%), five (45.4%), and three (27.3%) fellow eyes, respectively. During the follow-up period, the development of polypoidal lesions in the fellow eye was observed in three patients. CONCLUSIONS: In this study, long-term improvement in BCVA was noted in 50% of the included patients who received anti-VEGF monotherapy. A relatively high incidence of pathological findings in the fellow eye and bilateral involvement suggest the need for bilateral examinations.
Angiography ; Choroid* ; Choroidal Neovascularization ; Diagnosis ; Endothelial Growth Factors ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Incidence ; Indocyanine Green ; Macular Degeneration ; Observational Study ; Ranibizumab ; Retrospective Studies ; Visual Acuity

PURPOSE: The aim of this study is to determine possibility of application of in vivo proton (1H) magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) in distinguishing cystic mass arising around pancreas by comparison of in vivo MRS, in vitro MRS using 3T MR machine, based on nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). MATERIALS AND METHODS: We obtained spectra of in vivo MRS, in vitro MRS and NMR from abdominal mass arising around pancreas (mucinous cystic neoplasm=5, intraductal papillary mucin producing tumor=5, pseudocyst=1, and lymphangioma=1). We estimated existence of peak of in vivo MRS, and in vitro MRS concordant to that of NMR. We also evaluated differential peak for predicting specific disease. RESULTS: Correlation of presence of peak with NMR showed showed sensitivity of 29.6%, specificity of 82.6% and accuracy of 67.7% on in vivo MRS (p = 0.096, McNemar test), sensitivity of 57.1% and specificity of 92.6% and accuracy of 82.3% on in vitro MRS (p = 0.362, McNemar test). The spectra of NMR for IPMT showed more frequent peaks at 3.5-4.0 ppm (p=0.026). CONCLUSION: Although chemical analysis, using NMR could be regarded as possible tool to differentiate cystic masses, in vivo and in vitro MRS need further technical evolution for clinical application.
Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ; Mucins ; Pancreas ; Protons ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Spectrum Analysis

PURPOSE: This study was conducted to describe the effects of aroma inhalation on sleep and fatigue in night shift nurses. METHODS: The research design was one group pre-posttest design. The subjects were 17 night shift nurses who work at neurosurgery intensive care unit of K hospital of C university in Seoul. During three consequent night shifts, the participants were worn the Actigraph to measure the sleep pattern on their wrist since their first night shift work. The quality of sleep and fatigue was measured by survey when they awoke at 6 pm after second night shift work. And these measures were repeated during the night shifts in second and third week. Aroma inhalation was applied before going to bed after finishing each night shift work during second and third week. SPSS 12.0 program was used for data analysis. RESULTS: There were no statistically significant differences in sleep latency and total sleeping time. However, significant differences were found in the sleep efficiency, awakening number, sleep quality, subjective symptom and intensity of fatigue. CONCLUSION: These results showed that aroma inhalation had positive effects on the pattern and quality of sleep and reducing fatigue in night shift nurses.
Aromatherapy ; Fatigue ; Inhalation ; Intensive Care Units ; Neurosurgery ; Research Design ; Statistics as Topic ; Wrist

PURPOSE: This study was conducted to describe the effects of aroma inhalation on sleep and fatigue in night shift nurses. METHODS: The research design was one group pre-posttest design. The subjects were 17 night shift nurses who work at neurosurgery intensive care unit of K hospital of C university in Seoul. During three consequent night shifts, the participants were worn the Actigraph to measure the sleep pattern on their wrist since their first night shift work. The quality of sleep and fatigue was measured by survey when they awoke at 6 pm after second night shift work. And these measures were repeated during the night shifts in second and third week. Aroma inhalation was applied before going to bed after finishing each night shift work during second and third week. SPSS 12.0 program was used for data analysis. RESULTS: There were no statistically significant differences in sleep latency and total sleeping time. However, significant differences were found in the sleep efficiency, awakening number, sleep quality, subjective symptom and intensity of fatigue. CONCLUSION: These results showed that aroma inhalation had positive effects on the pattern and quality of sleep and reducing fatigue in night shift nurses.
Aromatherapy ; Fatigue ; Inhalation ; Intensive Care Units ; Neurosurgery ; Research Design ; Statistics as Topic ; Wrist

A 59-year-old female with diabetes mellitus presented with hypercalcemia and polycythemia. Her serum calcium and intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH) levels were increased, and Tc-99m sesta-MIBI scanning showed hot uptake in the lower portion of the left thyroid lobe. After parathyroidectomy, her calcium, iPTH, and polycythemia were normalized. In conclusion, the differential diagnosis of polycythemia and hypercalcemia should also include the possibility of a parathyroid tumor in addition to other neoplasms.
Calcium ; Diabetes Mellitus ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Humans ; Hypercalcemia ; Middle Aged ; Parathyroid Hormone ; Parathyroidectomy ; Polycythemia ; Polycythemia Vera ; Thyroid Gland

PURPOSE: To evaluate the efficacy of an optical coherence tomography (OCT)-based diagnosis of polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV) in Korean patients. METHODS: This retrospective, observational case series included 263 eyes of 263 patients (147 eyes with PCV and 116 eyes with typical exudative, age-related macular degeneration [AMD]) who had been diagnosed with treatment naïve exudative AMD. Eyes with three or more of the following OCT findings were diagnosed with PCV: multiple retinal pigment epithelial detachment (RPED), a sharp RPED peak, an RPED notch, a hyporeflective lumen representing polyps, and hyperreflective intraretinal hard exudates. The OCT-based diagnosis was compared with the gold-standard indocyanine green angiography-based method. The sensitivity and specificity of the OCT-based diagnosis was also estimated. An additional analysis was performed using a choroidal thickness criterion. Eyes with a subfoveal choroidal thickness greater than 300 µm were also diagnosed with PCV despite having only two OCT features. RESULTS: In eyes with PCV, three or more OCT features were observed in 126 of 147 eyes (85.7%), and the incidence of typical exudative AMD was 16 of 116 eyes (13.8%). The sensitivity and specificity of an OCT-based diagnosis were 85.7% and 86.2%, respectively. After applying the choroidal thickness criterion, the sensitivity increased from 85.7% to 89.8%, and the specificity decreased from 86.2% to 84.5%. CONCLUSIONS: The OCT-based diagnosis of PCV showed a high sensitivity and specificity in Korean patients. The addition of a choroidal thickness criterion improved the sensitivity of the method with a minimal decrease in its specificity.
Aged ; Choroid/blood supply/*diagnostic imaging ; Choroid Diseases/*diagnosis/epidemiology/physiopathology ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Fluorescein Angiography ; Follow-Up Studies ; Fundus Oculi ; Humans ; Incidence ; Male ; Republic of Korea/epidemiology ; Retrospective Studies ; Tomography, Optical Coherence/*methods ; Visual Acuity

PURPOSE: To evaluate 12-month outcomes of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) therapy for polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV) with grape-like polyp clusters. METHODS: This retrospective observational study included 23 eyes of 23 patients who were newly diagnosed with PCV with grape-like polyp clusters, and who were subsequently treated with anti-VEGF monotherapy. The study compares the best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) of the patients at diagnosis, at 3 months, and at 12 months after diagnosis. In addition, 12-month changes in BCVA values were compared between cases with subfoveal or juxtafoveal polyps and cases with extrafoveal polyps. RESULTS: The baseline, 3-month, and 12-month logarithm of the minimal angle of resolution BCVA was 0.62 ± 0.35, 0.50 ± 0.43, and 0.58 ± 0.48, respectively. Compared to the baseline, patient BCVA was not significantly different at 12 months after diagnosis (p = 0.764). Six eyes (26.1%) gained ≥0.2 logarithm of the minimal angle of resolution BCVA. In cases with subfoveal or juxtafoveal polyps, BCVA values at baseline and at 12 months after diagnosis were 0.66 ± 0.37 and 0.69 ± 0.53, respectively. In cases with extrafoveal polyps, the values were 0.54 ± 0.33 and 0.37 ± 0.31, respectively. Changes in BCVA values were significantly different between the two groups (p = 0.023). CONCLUSIONS: Although anti-VEGF therapy has favorable short-term efficacy for treating PCV with grape-like polyp clusters, long-term visual improvements are generally limited in the majority of afflicted eyes. The presence of subfoveal or juxtafoveal polyps may suggest unfavorable treatment outcomes.
Aged ; Angiogenesis Inhibitors/*administration & dosage ; Choroid/blood supply/*diagnostic imaging ; Choroidal Neovascularization/diagnosis/*drug therapy ; Female ; Fluorescein Angiography ; Follow-Up Studies ; Fundus Oculi ; Humans ; Intravitreal Injections ; Male ; Polyps/diagnosis/*drug therapy ; Retrospective Studies ; Tomography, Optical Coherence ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A/*antagonists & inhibitors

PURPOSE: This study aimed to evaluate changes in visual acuity before and after the development of submacular hemorrhage secondary to neovascular age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and to compare the visual outcomes between patients with and without hemorrhage. METHODS: This retrospective observational study included 124 patients with neovascular AMD. Patients who developed a submacular hemorrhage involving the fovea were included in the hemorrhage group (n = 55). Patients with no sign of submacular hemorrhage during the follow-up period were included in the no-hemorrhage group (n = 69). Visual outcomes were compared between the two groups. RESULTS: The logarithm of the minimal angle of resolution best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) before the development of submacular hemorrhage, once the hemorrhage had developed, and 6 months after the development of hemorrhage was 0.59 ± 0.45, 1.24 ± 0.57, and 0.99 ± 0.64, respectively. BCVA was significantly worse 6 months after the hemorrhage compared to before the hemorrhage (p < 0.001). The BCVA before the development of hemorrhage (measured at a mean of 12.9 months after diagnosis) was comparable to that of the no-hemorrhage group (mean, 0.58 ± 0.37 at a mean of 12.4 months). However, the BCVA 6 months after identification of hemorrhage (mean, 21.5 months) was significantly worse in the hemorrhage group than in the no-hemorrhage group (mean, 0.73 ± 0.44 at mean 21.2 months) (p = 0.018). CONCLUSIONS: Visual acuity was significantly worse after hemorrhage than before hemorrhage, even after treatment. In addition, patients with submacular hemorrhage had markedly worse visual outcomes than patients without hemorrhage. This result suggests that the development of hemorrhage during the treatment course of neovascular AMD has a devastating effect on visual prognosis.
Choroidal Neovascularization ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hemorrhage* ; Humans ; Macular Degeneration* ; Observational Study ; Prognosis* ; Retrospective Studies ; Visual Acuity