Osteosarcoma is the most common primary malignant tumor in the orthopaedic field. Recently, the management of osteosarcoma was evolved in many aspects and the improved results were reported in many articles. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the changes of clinical findings and management modalities in osteosarcoma since 1980. We reviewed 127 osteosarcomas managed from 1980 to 1992. The Enneking surgical stage was as follows; stage I 12 cases, stage II 98 cases and stage III 17 cases. They were subclassified into classic(97 cases), parosteal(12 cases), telangiectatic(5 cases), secondary(4 cases), periosteal(2 cases), gnathic(2 cases), high grade surface(1 cases) and undetermined(4 cases). The disease-free survival rate was evaluated for the patients of stage II classic osteosarcomas treated with amputation(27 cases) or limb-salvage operation(23 cases), and average follow up period of them was 49 months. In 27 cases of amputation adjuvant chemotherapy was administered in 23 cases. And in 23 patients treated with limb-salvage operation, neoadjuvant and adjuvant chemotherapy were done in 19 cases and only adjuvant chemotherapy in 2 cases. The clinical changes since 1980 were as follows: (1) The mean duration from symptom onset to diagnosis was decreased gradually from 6.5 months(1980) to 3.1 months(1992). (2) The proportion of curative surgery was increased from 40%(1980) to 87%(1992) in stage I and II. (3) The proportion of limb-salvage operation was rapidly increased upto 88% since 1985. The 5 year disease-free survival rate of stage II classic osteosarcoma was 36% with amputation and 67% with limb-salvage operation.
Amputation ; Chemotherapy, Adjuvant ; Diagnosis ; Disease-Free Survival ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Osteosarcoma

Fine needle aspiration biopsy cytology (FNA) for diagnosis of a variety of breast tum- ors has been proven to be a simple, safe, and cost saving diagnostic methodology with high accuracy. Cytologic specimens from 1,029 fine needle aspirations of the breast during last 3-year period were reviewed and subsequent biopsies from 107 breast lesions were reevaluated for cytohistological correlation. FNA had a sensitivity of 81.6% and a specificity of 98.3%. One out of 107 cases bio- psied revealed a false positive result (0.9%) and the case was due to misinterpretation of apocrine metaplastic cells in necrotic backgound as malignant cells. A false negative rate was 8.4% (9 of 107 cases biopsied). Six of 9 false negative cases were resulted from insufficient aspirates for diagnosis, and remaining three of 9 false negative cases revealed extensive necrosis with no or scanty viable cells on smears. The results indicate that for reducing false positive and false negative rates of FNA, an experienced cytopathologist and a proficient aspirator are of great importance.
Adenoma, Pleomorphic ; Aspirations (Psychology) ; Biopsy ; Biopsy, Fine-Needle ; Breast ; Carcinoma, Adenoid Cystic ; Carcinoma, Mucoepidermoid ; Child* ; Cost Savings ; Diagnosis ; Humans ; Necrosis ; Needles ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Urinary Tract Infections* ; Urinary Tract* ; Vesico-Ureteral Reflux*

No abstract available.
Child* ; Heart Septal Defects, Ventricular* ; Humans

No abstract available.
Cell Line* ; Cisplatin* ; Doxorubicin* ; Osteosarcoma*

Urologic surgeries are widely performed, and the cases have increased owing to the fact that the elderly population is growing. The narrow and limited surgical space is a challenge in performing most urologic surgeries. Additionally, the elderly population is exposed to the risk of perioperative complications; therefore, a comprehensive understanding and approach are required to provide optimized anesthesia during surgery. We have searched the literature on anesthesia for urologic surgeries and summarized the anesthetic considerations for urologic surgeries.

OBJECTIVES: On December 7, 2007, the Hebei Spirit oil tanker spilled out 12,547 kl of crude oil on the Yellow Sea 10 km away from the cost of Taean Province, Korea. As the coastline has been contaminated, local residents have been exposed to crude oil. Because the residents were showing many symptoms, we investigated the acute health effects of this oil spill on them. METHODS: We conducted a cross-sectional study consisting of the heavy and moderately oil soaked area in Taean and the lightly oil soaked area in Seocheon. Ten seashore villages were selected from each area, and 10 male and female adults were selected from each village. We interviewed the subjects using a structured questionnaire on the characteristics of residents, the cleanup activities, the perception of oil hazard, depression and anxiety, and the physical symptoms. The odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals were analyzed using logistic regression analysis. The logistic regression model was adjusted for age, gender, education, smoking, the perception of oil hazard and anxiousness. RESULTS: The more highly contaminated the area, the more likely it was for residents to be engaged in cleanup activities and have a greater chance of exposure to oil. The indexes of anxiety and depression were higher in the heavy and moderately oil soaked areas. The increased risks of headache, nausea, dizziness, fatigue, tingling of limb, hot flushing, sore throat, cough, runny nose, shortness of breath, itchy skin, rash, and sore eyes were significant. CONCLUSIONS: The results suggest that exposure to crude oil is associated with various acute physical symptoms. Long-term investigation is required to monitor the residents' health.
Aged ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; *Disasters ; Environmental Exposure/*adverse effects ; Female ; *Health Status ; Humans ; Logistic Models ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Petroleum/*toxicity ; Republic of Korea/epidemiology ; Water Pollutants, Chemical/*toxicity

OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to investigate the clinical characteristics of "fake bad" and "fake good" patients with traumatic head injury in neuropsychological tests. METHODS: We measured subjective symptoms by SCL-90-R and objective symptoms by McBride obstacle-valuation measure. The patient was divided into three groups according to differences between subjective and objective symptoms. We also examined their intelligence, memory, clinical characteristics, using K-WAIS, K-MAS, MMPI. RESULTS: The group who overly expressed their subjective symptoms has its psychotic symptom exaggeratingly measured, so it will be helpful to be careful to such over-expressed symptoms in those who present a psychotic symptom in a clinical view-point. An K-WAIS measurement among those who exaggerated their subjective symptoms showed less value than the actual one, which weakens the reliability of this intelligent test. Rather, for that group, the result of K-MAS can be used with a confidence in the estimation of their severity of symptoms. CONCLUSION: MMPI and neuropsychological tests are helpful to understand characteristics between subjective symptoms and objective disabilities of patients with traumatic head injury.
Craniocerebral Trauma* ; Head* ; Humans ; Intelligence ; Memory ; MMPI* ; Neuropsychological Tests*

Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) agonist has been used in the treatment of a wide variety of sex-hormone-related diseases, as the administration of GnRH agonist can alter the secretion of gonadotropin and sex hormones. Recently, we found that the long-acting GnRH agonist aggravated hyperthyroidism and induced painless thyroiditis. This is the first report to demonstrate the association of thyroid dysfunction with GnRH agonist injection in Korea. Here, we report three cases and emphasize the clinical importance of this aggravating factor in autoimmune thyroid disease.
Gonadal Steroid Hormones ; Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone ; Gonadotropins ; Graves Disease ; Hyperthyroidism ; Korea ; Thyroid Diseases ; Thyroid Gland ; Thyroiditis