An activation domain in p67(phox) (residues 199-210) is critical for regulating NADPH oxidase activity in cell-free system [10] To determine the steady state reduction of FAD, thioacetamide-FAD was reconstituted in gp91(phox), and the fluorescence of its oxidised form was monitored. Omission of p67(phox) decreased the steady state reduction of the FAD from 28% to 4%, but omission of p47(phox) had little effect. A series of the truncated forms of p67(phox) were expressed in E.coli to determine the domain in p67(phox) which is essential for regulating the steady state of FAD reduction. The minimal length of p67(phox) for for regulating the steady state of FAD reduction is shown to be 1-210 using a series of truncation mutants which indicates that the region 199-210 is also important for regulating electron flow within flavocytochrome b(558). The deletion of this domain not only decreased the superoxide generation but also decreased the steady state of FAD reduction. Therefore, the activation domain on p67(phox) regulates the reductive half-reaction for FAD, consistent with a dominant effect on hydride/electron transfer from NADPH to FAD.
Amino Acid Sequence ; Base Sequence ; Cell Membrane/metabolism ; Cell-Free System ; DNA Primers ; Flavin-Adenine Dinucleotide/*metabolism ; Humans ; Kinetics ; Membrane Glycoproteins/*metabolism ; Molecular Sequence Data ; NADH Dehydrogenase/metabolism ; *NADPH Oxidase ; Neutrophils/enzymology/metabolism ; Oxidation-Reduction ; Peptide Fragments/chemistry ; Phosphoproteins/*chemistry/*metabolism ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Sequence Deletion

No abstract available.
Behcet Syndrome*

No abstract available.
Fingers* ; Replantation* ; Transplants*

No abstract available.
Fingers* ; Replantation* ; Transplants*

A preliminary study was conducted to evaluate the immediate postoperative recovery and socioeconomic efficacy with the surgical release of Carpal tunnel syndrome by double incision technique. Sixty cases of carpal tunnel syndrome were operated by one surgeon between 1993 and 1995 and 44 cases in 39 patients were available for this study. Surgery was done under axillary block and patients were evaiuated preoperatively, 3 weeks and 6 weeks each postoperatively. The evaluation was focused on the immediate recovery in terms of subjective symptoms of pain and paresthesia, local tenderness, strength of grip power and pinch power and postoperative disability. 1l was noted that surgical release of carpal tunnel syndrome utilizing double incision technique was as effective as seen in the endoscopic release in terms of quicker recovery of pain, local tenderness and strength. It was also noted that this double incision technique was as safe and economically beneficial as observed in the conventional open procedure.
Carpal Tunnel Syndrome ; Hand Strength ; Humans ; Paresthesia

No abstract available.
Chondrocytes* ; Ear* ; Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins*

Osteosarcoma is the most common primary malignant tumor in the orthopaedic field. Recently, the management of osteosarcoma was evolved in many aspects and the improved results were reported in many articles. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the changes of clinical findings and management modalities in osteosarcoma since 1980. We reviewed 127 osteosarcomas managed from 1980 to 1992. The Enneking surgical stage was as follows; stage I 12 cases, stage II 98 cases and stage III 17 cases. They were subclassified into classic(97 cases), parosteal(12 cases), telangiectatic(5 cases), secondary(4 cases), periosteal(2 cases), gnathic(2 cases), high grade surface(1 cases) and undetermined(4 cases). The disease-free survival rate was evaluated for the patients of stage II classic osteosarcomas treated with amputation(27 cases) or limb-salvage operation(23 cases), and average follow up period of them was 49 months. In 27 cases of amputation adjuvant chemotherapy was administered in 23 cases. And in 23 patients treated with limb-salvage operation, neoadjuvant and adjuvant chemotherapy were done in 19 cases and only adjuvant chemotherapy in 2 cases. The clinical changes since 1980 were as follows: (1) The mean duration from symptom onset to diagnosis was decreased gradually from 6.5 months(1980) to 3.1 months(1992). (2) The proportion of curative surgery was increased from 40%(1980) to 87%(1992) in stage I and II. (3) The proportion of limb-salvage operation was rapidly increased upto 88% since 1985. The 5 year disease-free survival rate of stage II classic osteosarcoma was 36% with amputation and 67% with limb-salvage operation.
Amputation ; Chemotherapy, Adjuvant ; Diagnosis ; Disease-Free Survival ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Osteosarcoma

OBJECTIVES: To investigate the frequency and clinical characteristics of premenstrual syndrome(PMS)/premenstrual dysphoric disorder(PMDD) in high school students, and determine the correlates of PMS/PMDD in association with comorbid depression and anxiety. METHODS: A total of 1688 students were recruited from 5 high schools in Seoul, Korea. Subjects completed the questionnaire composed of scales to measure premenstrual symptoms, depression, and anxiety, as well as sociodemographic and reproductive variables. Subjects were categorized into 3 groups by using the Premenstrual Symptom Screening Tool(PSST) to determine the frequency and clinical characteristics of PMS/PMDD. Multivariate logistic regression was used to identify the correlates of PMS/PMDD. RESULTS: The frequency of moderate to severe PMS and PMDD was 20.1% and 6.4%, respectively. Irritability (78.8%), fatigue(76.4%), and emotional sensitivity(69.8%) were common premenstrual symptoms, and functional impairment in academic performance(67.1%) was dominant. Dysmenorrhea[odd ratio(OR)=3.68, 95% confidence interval(CI) 2.45-5.55], family history of PMS(OR=1.91, 95% CI 1.35-2.71), and use of oral contraceptive (OR=1.85, 95% CI 1.16-2.94) were associated with the increased risk of PMS/PMDD after adjustment for depression and anxiety. Negative attitude to menses(OR=15.60, 95% CI 3.61-67.42) was associated with the increased risk of PMS/PMDD, particularly in subjects without depression and anxiety. CONCLUSIONS: PMS was common, as the frequency of PMS more than moderate severity including PMDD exceeded 25%, and disrupted daily functioning in adolescents. PMS is associated with various sociodemographic and menstrual characteristics, and these associations are affected by comorbid depression and anxiety.
Adolescent ; Anxiety ; Depression ; Humans ; Korea ; Logistic Models ; Mass Screening ; Premenstrual Syndrome ; Questionnaires ; Weights and Measures

No abstract available.
Rabbits* ; Transplants* ; Zygoma*

The purpose of this study is to describe the magnetic resonance imaging (MR) findings of metastatic brain tumors with emphasis on the signal intensities of the lesion on MR. Thirty four patients with intracranial metastases were studies with MR imaging. The diagnosis was established on the basis of either brain biopsy or combination of brain MR findings and the presence of primary tumors. The primary tumors include lung cancer (n=18), breast cancer (n=3), stomach cancer (n=3), rectal cancer (n=1), renal cell carcinoma (n=1), hepatocellular carcinoma(n=1), ovarian cancer (n=1), thyroid cancer (n=1), melanoma (n=1) and unknown primary sites (n=4). The parenchymal lesions were solitary in 35% (12/34) and multiple in 65% (22/34). The size of the lesions was variable, ranging from several millimeters to 5cm in diameter. The corticomedullar junction of the cerebral heispheres was the most common location of the lesions (68%). The signal intensity of solid portion of the lesions was usually either isointense (44%) or hypointense (29%) on T1-weighted images, whereas it appeared in isointense (47%), hypointense (8%) or hyperintense (11%) on proton density-weighted or T2-weighted images. The remaining cases showed mixed signal intensities. The enhancement patterns were variable including nodular (<1cm) (6%), homogenous (19%), heterogeneous (10%), ring-like enhancement (22%) or mixed pattern(43%). The size of surrounding edema was larger than the tumor diameter in 76%. In conclusion, although there are no specific MR findings of intracranial metastasis except multiplicity, intracranial metastasis should be included in differential diagnosis with high priority, when a solitary mass showing isointensity on boty T1-and T2-weighted images with massive surrounding edema, especially in the corticomedullary junction of the cerebral hemispheres is encountered.
Biopsy ; Brain Neoplasms* ; Brain* ; Breast Neoplasms ; Carcinoma, Renal Cell ; Cerebrum ; Diagnosis ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Edema ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Melanoma ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Ovarian Neoplasms ; Protons ; Rectal Neoplasms ; Stomach Neoplasms ; Thyroid Neoplasms