BACKGROUND: Soybean isoflavone has a variety of bioactivities and its antioxidation becomes a hot spot of research in recent years. At present,the research of soybean isoflavone places more emphasis on animal experiment and clinical observation,but lacks research on cellular level of human body.OBJECTIVE: To observe the influence of soybean isoflavone in vascular endothelial cells with oxidative damage.DESIGN: Controlled trial and observation.SETTING: Central Laboratory, Institute of Public Health,Tianjin Medical University.MATERIALS: The experiment was completed in the Central Laboratory,Institute of Public Health,Tianjin Medical University from January to July 2002.The experimental materials included vascular endothelial cell strain in human umbilical vein,low density lipoprotein,soybean isoflavone and vitamin E,etc.METHODS: The vascular endothelial cells were cultured in vitro.The experiment was divided into 6 groups: blank control group,oxidative damage control group (malondialdehyde content was 1 μmol/L),oxidative damage+vitamin E control group(vitamin E was 50 μmol/L) and oxidative damage+soybean isoflavone 10,50,100 μ mol/L control group. The endothelial cells,which were joined with vitamin E and soybean isoflavone of different concentrations in advance to be incubated for 24 hours,were affected by oxidized low density lipoproteins and then cultured continually for 24 hours.All the indexes of antioxidation were determined in both extra-cell and intra-cell.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Malondialdehyde content,activity of superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase,the release condition of lactate dehydrogenase and productive quantity of nitrogen monoxide inside and outside the endothelial cells of each group.RESULTS: ①Comparison of malondialdehyde content,the activity of superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase in endothelial cells of each group: The malondialdehyde content was higher significantly in oxidative damage control group than in blank control group (P ＜ 0.01),but the activity of superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase was lower significantly in oxidative damage control group than in blank control group(P ＜ 0.01).The malondialdehyde content was lower significantly in oxidative damage+vitamin E control group,oxidative damage+soybean isoflavone 10,50,100 μmol/L control group than in oxidative damage control group(P ＜ 0.01),but the activity of superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase was higher significantly in oxidative damage+vitamin E control group,oxidative damage+soybean isoflavone 10,50,100 μ mol/L control group than in oxidative damage control group (P ＜ 0.01). ②Comparison of the release condition of lactate dehydrogenase and the productive quantity of nitrogen monoxide in endothelial cells of each group: The release percentage of lactate dehydrogenase was higher significantly in oxidative damage control group than in blank control group (P ＜ 0.01),but the productive quantity of nitrogen monoxide was lower significantly in oxidative damage control group than in blank control group(P ＜ 0.01).The release percentage of lactate dehydrogenase was lower significantly in oxidative damage+vitamin E control group,oxidative damage+soybean isoflavone 10,50,100 μmol/L control group than in oxidative damage control group (P ＜ 0.01),but the productive quantity of nitrogen monoxide was higher significantly in oxidative damage+vitamin E control group,oxidative damage+soybean isoflavone 10,50,100 μmol/L control group than in oxidative damage control group(P ＜ 0.01).CONCLUSION: Soybean isoflavone can alleviate the oxidative damage in vascular endothelial cells,caused by oxidized low density lipoprotein,possibly through such antioxidization indexes as malondialdehyde content,the activity of superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase,the release condition of lactate dehydrogenase and the productive quantity of nitrogen monoxide,etc.

Chemical constituents of Swertia patens. The whole plant of air-dried Swertia patens was extracted with 90% EtOH. The water extract was suspended in H₂O and extracted with petroleum ether, EtOAc and n-BuOH, successively. The compounds were isola- ted and purified by column chromatography from the EtOAc fraction, and identified based on spectral analyses (MS, ¹H-NMR, ¹³C- NMR). Eighteen compounds were isolated and elucidated as 3, 4-dihydro-1H,6H,8H-naptho [1,2-c:4,5-c', d'dipyrano-1, 8-dione (1), angelone (2), gentiogenal (3), erythricin (4), erythrocentaurin (5), gentianine (6), swertiakoside B (7), swertiamarin (8), 2'-O-actylswertiamarin (9), amarogentin (10), 1, 3, 5-trihydroxyxanthone (11), 1, 3-dihydroxy-5-methoxyxanthone (12), 1-hydroxy- 2, 3, 5-trimethoxyxanthone (13), gentiocrucine (14), 3-hydroxyphenylketone (15), n-hexacosyl ester 4-hydroxy-trans-cinnamate (16), n-hexacosyl ester 4-hydroxy-cis-cinnamate (17), and cholest-4-en-3-one (18). Compounds 1-7, 9-18 were obtained from S. patens for the first time.
Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Molecular Structure ; Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization ; Swertia ; chemistry

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aspergillosis ; complications ; microbiology ; Aspergillus ; isolation & purification ; Candida albicans ; isolation & purification ; Candidiasis ; complications ; microbiology ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis ; complications ; microbiology ; pathology ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Mucor ; isolation & purification ; Mucormycosis ; complications ; microbiology ; Nocardia ; isolation & purification ; Nocardia Infections ; complications ; microbiology ; Retrospective Studies ; Young Adult

This present work is to study the chemical constituents of Swertia angustifolia. The whole plants of air-dried Swertia angustifolia was extracted with 90% EtOH. The water extract was suspended in H2O and extracted with petroleum ether, EtOAc and nBuOH, successively. The compounds were isolated and purified by column chromatography from the EtOAc fraction, and identified based on spectral analyses (MS, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR). Fourteen compounds were isolated and characterized as 1, 8-dihydroxy-3, 7-dimethoxyxanthone (1), 1, 8-dihydroxy-3, 5, 7-trimethoxyxanthone (2), 7-hydroxy-3, 8-dimethoxyxanthone-1-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (3), 8-0-[β-D-xylopyranosyl-(1-6) -β-D-glucopyranosyl] -1, 7-dihydroxy-3-methoxyxanthone (4), (+) -syringaresinol (5), ferulic acid (6), trans-coniferyl aldehyde (7), sinapaldehyde (8), trans-coniferyl alcohol (9), 3, 4-dihydroxybenzoic acid (10), 2-hydroxybenzoic acid (11), isophthalic acid (12), 2-furoic acid (13), and 2-methyl-4(3H)-quinazolinone(14). Compounds 2-14 were obtained from this plant for the first time.
Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Mass Spectrometry ; Molecular Structure ; Swertia ; chemistry

This study is to investigate the chemical constituents of Swertia kouitchensis. The whole plants of air-dried Swertia kouitchensis was extracted with 90% EtOH. The water extract was suspended in H2O and extracted with petroleum ether, EtOAc and n-BuOH, successively. The compounds were isolated and purified by column chromatography from the EtOAc fraction, and their structures were identified based on spectral analyses (MS, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR). Twenty-eight compounds were obtained, and characterized as erythrocentaurin (1), erythrocentaurin dimethylacetal (2), swertiamarin (3), vogeloside (4), 2'-O- actylswertiamarin (5), swertianoside D (6), gentiocrucines A-B (7-8), gentiocrucine (9), 1-hydroxy-3, 7, 8-trimethoxyxanthone (10), 1-hydroxy-3, 5, 6-trimethoxyxanthone (11), 3-epitaraxerol (12), erythrodiol 3-O-palmitate (13), (+) -syringaresinol (14), caffeic acid (15), trans-coniferyl aldehyde (16), trans-coniferyl alcohol (17), 3, 4-dihydroxybenzoic acid (18), 4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzoic acid (19), 3, 4-dihydroxybenzoic aldehyde (20), 2, 3-dihydroxybenzoic acid (21), 4-hydroxybenzoic acid (22), 3-acetoxybenzoic acid (23), 3-hydroxybenzoic acid (24), 3-hydroxybenzoic alcohol (25), nicotinic acid (26), 2-furoic acid (27), and uracil (28). Compounds 1-4, 6-28 were obtained from S. kouitchensis for the first time.
Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ; Mass Spectrometry ; Molecular Structure ; Swertia ; chemistry

Objective To observe the effect of using Ambroxol hydrochloride(AM)to wash respiratory way to treat neonatal respiratory distress syndrome(NRDS) in ventilator,to explore dynamic changes of respiratory mechanics after using AM to wash respiratory way.Methods Thirty premature infants were chosen according with diagnosis criterion,which were randomly divided into 2 groups: NS group(n=15);AM group(n=15).Both NS and AM groups were treated with Babylog 8 000 ventilator,and routine treating and nursing,NS group was given for washing respiratory way in NS group,whereas AM was done in AM group.Pulmonary compliance(C),time constant(Tc),respiratory resis-tance(R),C20/C and minute volume(MV)were observed in both groups.Blood gas was routinely checked after 1 h ventilation treatment,and X ray was shot after 24 h.Results Pulmonary C significantly increased in weaning than that of beginning ventilation(P0.05),MV significantly increased in group AM than NS,respectively[(0.56?0.12) L/min and(0.35?0.11) L/min(P0.05).But ventilator-treating-time was markedly shorter in group AM than NS,respectively(60.52?6.23) h and(98.21?5.82) h(P

Through repeated study on the "through joint crossing meridians needling method" in Zhenjiu Dacheng and clinical practice, it is held that it seems hard to induce qi moving along the meridian through joint to the affected region according to the statement of "through joint crossing meridians needling method" in Zhenjiu Dacheng. If "through joint crossing meridians needling method", "activating qi method" and "qi-lifting method" are combined, the possibility of qi constantly flowing centrality through joint from the remote acupoint at four limbs to the affected region will be distinctly elevated. Clinically, the authors used the "through joint crossing meridian" needling method, attaining qi reaching to the affected region, and acupuncture at only one point can achieve a better therapeutic effect.
Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; methods ; Humans ; Meridians

AIM To establish an HPLC method for the simultaneous content determination of four constituents in Yangxin Dingji Capsules (a cardiac tonic for palpitation,containing Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma Praeparata cum Melle,Cinnamomi Ramulus,Rehmanniae Radix,etc.).METHODS The analysis of 50％ methanol extract of Yangxin Dingji Capsules was performed on a 40 ℃ thermostatic Diamonsil C1s column (250 mm × 4.6 mm,5 μm),with the mobile phase comprising of 0.1％ formic acid-acetonitrile flowing at 1.0 mL/min in a gradient elution manner,and the detection wavelength was set at 265 nm.RESULTS Liquiritin,glycyrrhizic acid,cinnamic acid and cinnamic aldehyde showed good linear relationships within the ranges of 1.00-80.24 μg/mL (r=0.999 0),2.52-100.70 μg/mL (r--0.999 7),0.50-40.40 μg/mL (r =1.000 0) and 0.66-52.96 μg/mL (r =1.000 0),whose average recoveries were 97.74％,100.97％,101.48％ and 99.49％ with the RSDs of 0.45％,1.11％,1.27％ and 1.66％,respectively.CONCLUSION This simple,accurate and reproducible method can be used for the quality control of Yangxin Dingji Capsules.

OBJECTIVESTo study the acupoint specificity through the comprehensive evaluation of the acupuncture effect on rat model with the middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO).

METHODSDuplicated MCAO model by Zea-longa's thread ligation was assessed by Zausinger's six-point method, and rats with 1-3 scores were chosen to be grouped. According to the randomized and controlled principle, rats were divided into 6 basic control groups (including normal group, sham group, model control group, model group without intervention, Nimodipine group, lateral-to-Renzhong group) and 6 acupuncture groups [including Neiguan (PC6) group, Weizhong (BL40) group, Chize (LU5) group, Sanyinjiao (SP6) group, Renzhong (DU6) group and non-acupoint group]; in each acupoint or non-acupoint 9 different parameter combinations were respectively set by orthogonal intersection method. There were in total 60 groups, and each group had 12 rats. The rats were treated by acupuncture with the lifting-thrusting manipulation every 12 h, in total 6 times. Indices of neurobehavioral scores, cerebral blood flow, infarction rate, microcirculation, and light microscope, etc. were measured. In order to comprehensively evaluate the acupuncture effect to research the specificity of acupoint, a cluster analysis was made with SPSS17.0 for the comprehensive effect scores of the samples computed according to the comprehensive evaluation models, and then sorting and classification were made for the comprehensive effect scores.

RESULTSIn the acupuncture groups every acupoint had different therapeutic effect due to different acupuncture parameter combinations; among the acupuncture groups the orders of curative effect were as followings: Neiguan group was of exceptional result, Weizhong group and Sanyinjiao group were of valid results in upper level, Chize group and Renzhong group were of valid results in lower level, and non-acupoint group was of invalid result; the therapeutic result of acupoint group was superior to non-acupoint group; and the curative effect of acupuncture group was also superior to basic control group.

CONCLUSIONThe acupoint has the specificity of acupuncture effect, and the acupoint specificity is relative.

Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; Animals ; Cerebral Infarction ; therapy ; Cluster Analysis ; Disease Models, Animal ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar

OBJECTIVETo investigate the influence of acupuncture parameters on the acupuncture effect through the cluster analysis in Wistar rat model with middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO).

METHODSDuplicated MCAO models by Zea-longa's thread ligation and chose rats with 1-3 scores assessed by Zausinger's six-score method to be grouped. The rats were divided into 6 basic control groups [(including a normal group, a sham group, a model control group, a model group without intervention, a Nimodipine group, a lateral-to-Renzhong (DU6) group] and 6 acupuncture groups [a Neiguan (PC6) group, a Weizhong (BL40) group, a Sanyinjiao (SP6) group, a Chize (LU5) group, a Renzhong (DU6) group and a Feixue (non-acupoint) group]. In the acupuncture groups, for every acupoint or needling site, 9 different parameters [2 factors (frequency and time) and 3 levels (180, 120, and 60 cpm of the frequency and 5, 60, and 180 s of the time)] were set respectively by the orthogonal intersection method, in total 54 groups. The rats were treated by acupuncture with a lifting-thrusting manipulation once every 12 h, in total 6 times. Neurobehavioral scores, cerebral blood flow, infarction rate, microcirculation, light microscopy, etc. were measured. The factor analysis was first applied to get the comprehensive effect scores of the samples in the acupuncture groups and then by which the cluster analysis was made with the statistical software of SPSS17.0.

RESULTSFor the Neiguan (PC6) group, the exceptional results of acupuncture comprehensive effect were parameters 7, 8, 9, 10; the valid results were parameters 2, 3, 4, and the invalid were parameters 5, 6. For the Weizhong (BL40) group, the exceptional results were parameters 2, 4; the valid results were parameters 3, 5, 6, 7, and the invalid were parameters 8, 9, 10. For the Chize (LU5) group, the exceptional results were parameters 7, 8; the valid results were parameters 3, 4, 5, 6, 9, 10; and the invalid was parameter 2. For the Sanyinjiao (SP6) group, the exceptional results were parameters 4, 6; the valid results were parameters 2, 3, 5; and the invalid were parameters 7, 8, 9,10. For the Renzhong (DU6) group, the exceptional results were parameters 3, 4, 6, 7, 9, 10; the valid results were parameters 2, 5; and the invalid was parameter 8. For the Non-acupoint group, the exceptional result was parameter 10; the valid results were parameters 2, 3, 4, 7, 9; and the invalid were parameters 5, 6, 8.

CONCLUSIONSFor each meridian acupoint, different acupuncture parameters could consequently get a different acupuncture effect; each meridian acupoint had the most suitable or optimal acupuncture parameters; acupuncture parameters might be the main factors impacting on acupuncture effect.

Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; Animals ; Cluster Analysis ; Disease Models, Animal ; Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery ; therapy ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Reference Standards