PURPOSE: To characterize the MRI appearance of the peripherally located schwannoma as compared with pathologic findings. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 11 cases of 13 lesions of the schwannoma confirmed by pathology were analyzed, retrospectively. T11 T2 and Gadolinium-enhanced T1 weighted sagittal and axial images were obtained. The signal intensity, contour of lesion, and relationship with surrounding tissue were analyzed. All cases were correlated with MRI and pathologic findings. RESULTS: In 9 out of the 11 cases, schwannoma was connected to the main nerve trunk. Among them, tumors were located centrally in 6 cases and eccentrically in 3 cases. MR findings of schwannoma were iso signal intensity on T1WI(8 cases) with muscle intensity, high signal intensity on T2WI(all cases), strong heterogenous enhancement in all cases. 8 cases showing heterogenous appearance on T2WI, showed mixture of Antoni-A and B area and multifocal hemorrhage. Central low and peripheral high signal intensity on T2Wl(Target sign) was mainly high cellular component in the central portion and diffuse myxoid degeneration at the periphery, pathologically. Reversed target appea.rance(central high, peripheral low on T2WI) revealed central cystic degeneration with low cellular component and hemorrhage in the central portion, and high cellular component at the periphery. Linear band-like low signal intensity on T2WI, suggesting capsule of the schwannoma, was not the true capsule proven by pathology. Thin true capsule was not visualized on T2WI. CONCLUSION: MR appearance of schwannoma was non-specific. The signal intensity on T2 weighted MR imaging was determined by the presence of multifocal hemorrhage, focal cystic and myxoid degeneration, admixture of Antoni-A and B area.
Hemorrhage ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging* ; Neurilemmoma* ; Pathology ; Retrospective Studies

PURPOSE: To characterize the MRI appearance of the peripherally located schwannoma as compared with pathologic findings. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 11 cases of 13 lesions of the schwannoma confirmed by pathology were analyzed, retrospectively. T11 T2 and Gadolinium-enhanced T1 weighted sagittal and axial images were obtained. The signal intensity, contour of lesion, and relationship with surrounding tissue were analyzed. All cases were correlated with MRI and pathologic findings. RESULTS: In 9 out of the 11 cases, schwannoma was connected to the main nerve trunk. Among them, tumors were located centrally in 6 cases and eccentrically in 3 cases. MR findings of schwannoma were iso signal intensity on T1WI(8 cases) with muscle intensity, high signal intensity on T2WI(all cases), strong heterogenous enhancement in all cases. 8 cases showing heterogenous appearance on T2WI, showed mixture of Antoni-A and B area and multifocal hemorrhage. Central low and peripheral high signal intensity on T2Wl(Target sign) was mainly high cellular component in the central portion and diffuse myxoid degeneration at the periphery, pathologically. Reversed target appea.rance(central high, peripheral low on T2WI) revealed central cystic degeneration with low cellular component and hemorrhage in the central portion, and high cellular component at the periphery. Linear band-like low signal intensity on T2WI, suggesting capsule of the schwannoma, was not the true capsule proven by pathology. Thin true capsule was not visualized on T2WI. CONCLUSION: MR appearance of schwannoma was non-specific. The signal intensity on T2 weighted MR imaging was determined by the presence of multifocal hemorrhage, focal cystic and myxoid degeneration, admixture of Antoni-A and B area.
Hemorrhage ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging* ; Neurilemmoma* ; Pathology ; Retrospective Studies

It is now generally accepted that most, if not all, colon cancers originate within previously benign adenomas. Endoscopic polyp resection and regular follow up endoscopic examination are essential for prevention of carcinoma fro benign adenoma. However, small colorectal polyps are difficult to recognize during follow up endoscopic examinations because of the lack of reliable endoscopic landmarkers. Endoscopic Indiaink marking of the colon was first described by Ponsky and King in l975. The method has subsequently been advocated by expert as the best available means to mark the site of a colonic lesion. We prospectively studied the effectiveness of India ink as a long term colonic mucosal marker. Twelve patients who were diagnosed as colorectal polyp had a India ink marking with standard sclerotherapy needle. All patients who were followed at 6 months interval (mean duration 13 months) continue to display intensely stained mucosa at the original sites. No side effects or complications were encountered. India ink appears to be a safe and effective long term marker for colonic mucosal lesions.
Adenoma ; Colon* ; Colonic Neoplasms ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; India* ; Ink* ; Mucous Membrane* ; Needles ; Polyps ; Prospective Studies ; Sclerotherapy

No abstract available.
Wernicke Encephalopathy*

BACKGROUND/AIMS: The aims of this study are to clarify the morphology of fundic gland polyp (FGP) and to compare the features of FGP between familial adenomatous polyposis-associated group and sporadic development group. METHODS: A total of 15 endo- scopic biopsy specimens of FGP from 13 patients were divided into three groups; Group A(3 cases; familial adenomatous polyposis family, multiple FGPs), Group B(3 cases; sporadic development, multiple FGPs) and Group C(7 cases; sporadic development, single FGP), and their endoseopic /microscopic features including mucin histochemistry and immunohistoc- hemistty(for PCNA) were compared. RESULTS: FGPs were confined to the gastric body and fundus in all 3 groups, and measured 2-8 mm. Their numbers varied even in Group A and Group B, The difference was observed in their median age: 26 years in Group A and 55 years in Group B, respectively, but there were no differences in endoscopic, histologic, mucin histochemical and immunohistochemical(for PCNA) features. Micro-scopically, all FGPs were composed of fundic glands and scattered microcysts with a spectrum of disordered glandular architecture which ranged from convoluted gland to Y-shaped gland, to stellateshaped gland, and to irregular tortuous glancl with dilated lumen. CONCLUSIONS: We assume that diversity af morphologic features of FGP may develop from progression of hyperplastic/hamartomatous fundic glandular proliferation which may end up with microcyst formation as an evolutional change. Familial adenomatous polyosis-associated FGPs were not endoscopically and histologically distingishable from sporadic deveoped FGPs.
Adenomatous Polyposis Coli* ; Biopsy ; Esophagus* ; Humans ; Intestines* ; Mucins ; Polyps* ; Stomach*

No abstract available.
Angiography, Digital Subtraction ; Venous Thrombosis

Natural killer (NK) cell neoplasms are a group of rare but highly malignant tumors. We report here one case of NK cell leukemia. A 54-yr-old woman presented with a 2-month history of progressive left neck mass. Based on the positive result of tissue PCR for Mycobacterium tuberculosis, she was at first diagnosed with tuberculous lymphadenopathy. After two weeks, she developed generalized lymphadenopathy, hepatosplenomegaly, fever and anemia. Subsequent evaluation was performed including bone marrow aspiration and biopsy. Peripheral blood smear showed leukoerythroblastic features with 31% blasts. Bone marrow was packed with agranular blastoid cells, which were periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) positive and myeloperoxidase (MPO) negative. Immunophenotyping showed that these cells were positive for CD45 and HLA-DR, whereas negative for CD3, CD5, CD7, CD10, CD13, CD14, CD19, CD20, CD22, CD33, CD34, and CD61. Because of the absence of the markers of T-cell, B-cell, and myeloid lineage-specific antigens, we added CD16/56 for the immunophenotyping and the blasts were positive (94%). The tumor cells of biopsied lymph node were only positive for CD56, consistent with NK cell lymphoma. Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) was not detected by RNA in situ hybridization. Culture for M. tuberculosis was negative. Thus this patient was diagnosed with blastic NK cell lymphoma/leukemia involving bone marrow and lymph node.
Antigens, CD45/metabolism ; Bone Marrow/pathology ; Female ; HLA-DR Antigens/metabolism ; Humans ; Killer Cells, Natural/immunology/*pathology ; Leukemia/*diagnosis/immunology/pathology ; Middle Aged ; Tuberculosis, Lymph Node/diagnosis

Cavernous hemangioma of the scrotum is a rare tumor with only 36 cases having previously been reported in literature and one case in Korea. We would like to add two cases of cavernous hemangioma of the scrotum with review of literature
Hemangioma, Cavernous* ; Korea ; Scrotum*

BACKGROUND: Atrial fibrillation (AF) and patent foramen ovale (PFO) are established sources of cardioembolism. We investigated differences in stroke outcome and patterns between PFO and AF. METHODS: We performed a retrospective review of the medical records and brain MR images of patients with AF or PFO from the prospective acute stroke and transient ischemic attack registry. Infarct pattern and volume on diffusion-weighted imaging, and the national institutes of health stroke scale (NIHSS) on admission were compared between patients with AF and PFO. RESULTS: From June 2005 to July 2008, a total of 289 subjects were enrolled (AF group, n=156; PFO group, n=133). Infarct pattern analyzed with MR images revealed that multiple vascular territorial infarction was more prevalent in AF group than in PFO group (26.9% vs. 8.3%, P<0.01). A probable cardiac embolism, radiologically defined as territorial infarction without symptomatic steno-occlusion of the corresponding artery, was more frequently documented in AF group than in PFO group (71.8% vs. 41.4%, P<0.01) The infarct volume of PFO was smaller than that of AF. Compared to AF, PFO was associated with the mild neurologic deficit (NIHSS< or =3) after adjusting age, sex and previous stroke history. CONCLUSION: These results suggested that AF and PFO had different characteristics such as infarct patterns and initial clinical severity although both are classified as cardioembolism.
Arteries ; Atrial Fibrillation ; Brain ; Embolism ; Foramen Ovale, Patent ; Humans ; Infarction ; Ischemic Attack, Transient ; Medical Records ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.) ; Neurologic Manifestations ; Prospective Studies ; Retrospective Studies ; Stroke

The purpose of this paper is to review the colonoscopic fingings of twenty two patients with colonic tuberculosis which were diagnosed by colonoscopic finding, histopathology, and follow-up observation after antituberculosis chemotherapy at Pusan National University Hospital from January 1992 to December 1994. The results were as follows: 1) The male to female ratio was 1: 1.2, and the average age of the patients was 39.4 years with a slight predominance in women. The age of peak incidence was the 4th decade 40.9%). 2) Abdominal pain(95%), diarrhea(63%), and weight loss(50%) were the most common clinical findings. Others were constipation, melena, and palpable abdominal mass. The location of the pain was right lower abdomen, epigastrium, central abdomen, and left lower abdomen in decreasing order. 3) Hematologic findings showed decrease in hemoglobin level, increase in ESR, and positive CRP(61.5%). The white blood cell counts were mostly normal. 4) The stool examination showed positive occult blood in 7 cases among 18 cases (38.9%). Acid-fast bacteria was observed in stool of one case. 5) On colonoscopy, the lesion sites were ileoeecal valve(75%), ascending colon(72.7 %), terminal ileum(52.6%), cecum(42.9%), transverse colon(31.8%), descending colon (27.3%), sigmoid colon(9%), and rectum(9%) in decreasing order of frequency. Most of them involved ileocecal area. 6) On colonoscopy, the shape of ulcer revealed circular(41%), fusion(36%), and irregular pattern(18%). It found skipped area in 9 cases, pseudopolyp in 8 cases, patency of ileocecal valve in 5 cases, and severe deformity of ileocecal valve in 6 cases. 7) Microscopic finding of biopsy specimens revealed noncaseating granulomatous inflammation in 12 cases, and nonspecific ulcerative inflammation in 10 cases. In conclusion the diagnostic yield may be greatly enhanced by obtaining multiple target biopsies frorn tbe deep portion of the ulcer bed and margins. Judged from the colonoscopic finding and clinical improvement after antituberculosis chemotherapy, more accurate diagnosis can be acquired.
Abdomen ; Bacteria ; Biopsy ; Busan ; Colon* ; Colon, Descending ; Colon, Sigmoid ; Colonoscopy ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Constipation ; Diagnosis ; Drug Therapy ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Ileocecal Valve ; Incidence ; Inflammation ; Leukocyte Count ; Male ; Melena ; Occult Blood ; Tuberculosis* ; Ulcer