No abstract available.
Family Practice* ; Humans ; Smoke* ; Smoking*

This study was conducted to determine the level of inflammatory cytokines in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of patients with meningitis. All the CSF of the patients were examined by Gram and acid-fast stain, culture, and PCR for Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Mycoplasrma spp..The levels of sugar, protein and leukocytes count were also evaluated in the CSFs. Concentrations of Interleukin (IL)-1B, IL-6, IL-8, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-a in the CSF were evaluated by the ELISA kit (Genzyme, USA). General bacteria, tubercle bacilli, and Mycoplasma spp. were not detected with stain and culture methods, but, Mycoplasma spp. was detected by PCR method from four (6.3%) patients with meningitis. The mean CSF concentration of IL-1B, IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-cx in the control group were 0.6+/-0.2, 896.8+/-107.6, 50.1+/-5.1, and 4.8+/-1.4 pg/ml, respectively. The mean CSF concentration of IL-1B, IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-a in the patients with aseptic meningitis were 3.8+/-0.6, 1261.6+/-144.3, 466.7+/-42.3, and 10.8+/-2.0 pg/ml, respectively. The mean CSF concentration of IL-1B, IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-a in the patients with mycoplasmal meningitis were 10.2+/-8.1, 1979.5+/-133.8, 459.7+/-96.4, and 17.5+/-5.1 pg/ml, respectively. There were significantly differences in the levels of IL-1B, IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-a between control and patients with aseptic meningitis or Mycoplasmal meningitis (each p<0.001). These results suggest that increased levels of IL-1B, IL-8, and TNF-a could be higly suggestive of meningitis.
Bacteria ; Cerebrospinal Fluid* ; Cytokines ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Humans ; Interleukin-6* ; Interleukin-8* ; Interleukins ; Leukocytes ; Meningitis* ; Meningitis, Aseptic ; Mycobacterium tuberculosis ; Mycoplasma ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha

Actinomycosis is an indolent, suppurative infection caused by an anaerobic gram-positive organism (usually actinomyces israelii) which usually causes infection in the face, mediastitum, lung, and abdomen. Primary esophageal actinomycosis which is not related with pulmonary or mediastinal actinomycosis, is very rare, especially in immunocompetent host. A 58-year-old woman has been suffered from dysphagia, odynophagia, and chest pain after insertion of esophageal stent in esophageal acid stricture. She underwent a esophagectomy with esophagogastrostomy for above mentioned symptoms. Pathologic diagnosis was a esophageal actinomycosis.
Abdomen ; Actinomyces ; Actinomycosis* ; Chest Pain ; Constriction, Pathologic ; Deglutition Disorders ; Diagnosis ; Esophagectomy ; Female ; Humans ; Lung ; Middle Aged ; Stents*

The development of CT scanning has revolutionized the role of radiology in the management of the pediatric head trauma. The procedure is safe and can be repeated to reassess a changing neurologic picture, thereby correlation the clinical and pathologic changes. This study included evaluation of CT of 178 infants and children with head trauma during the period of 31 months from Feb. 1979 to Aug. 1981 in the department of radiology, College of Medicine, Hanyang University. 1. Age distribution of the total 178 pediatric patients was ranging from one month to 16 years. The pediatric patient population was comprised of 128 males and 50 females, and its male to female ratio was about 2.5:1. The incidence of age occurring in 3 to 6 years was 38.2% and 7 to 10 years was29.2%. Therefore the distribution of age between 3 to 6 years and 7 to 10 years was occurred in two-thirds of allpediatric patients. 2. Of all cases of injuries, traffic accidents were 60.1% and falls were 34.8%. 3. Skull fractures were roentgenographically detected in 61 (34.3%). However, the incidence of fractures in pretoddler group (0-2 years) was 61.1% and 7 to 10 years was 37.8%, 3 to 6 years was 36.8%. Most common site of skull fracture was occipital bone, next parietal bone. 4. 54.8% of pediatric head trauma due to a fall had a skull fracture, as did25.2% of those who were injured in traffic accident. 5. Cerebral CT of the total 178 pediatric patients were revealed as following study; Normal was 74.2%, epidural hematoma was 8.9%, subdural hematoma was 5.1%, Cerebral contusion was 4.5%, intracerebral hematoma was 2.2% etc. 6. Of 25 cases of the epidural and subdural hematoma, Supratentorial area was 15 cases, infratentorial area was 10 cases. 7. Most of the epidural hematoma was demonstrated a clear mental state. 8. However, intracerebral hematoma and cerebral contusion were occurred almost impairment of mental state.
Accidental Falls ; Accidents, Traffic ; Age Distribution ; Child ; Contusions ; Craniocerebral Trauma ; Female ; Head ; Hematoma ; Hematoma, Subdural ; Humans ; Incidence ; Infant ; Male ; Occipital Bone ; Parietal Bone ; Skull Fractures ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

CT is a new non-invasive diagnostic imaging method, which has ability to differentiate D.S.F., hematoma, and even edematous brain from normal brain tissue. Prior to the introduction of the CT, the diagnosis of the intraventricular hemorrhage in living patients was difficult and was confirmed by surgery or autopsy. Intracranial hemorrhages are visible on the CT with density higher than brain tissue in acute phase. CT is an accurate method for detecting of intraventricular hemorrhage including detection of nature, location, amount, and associated changes. CT is also useful as a surgical guidance and in the evaluation of fate of the hematomas by easily performable follow up studies. The causes of the intraventricular hemorrhages are hypertension, rupture of aneurysm, arteriovenous malformation, head trauma, brain tumor, and others. This study included evaluation of CT of 69 patients who show the high density in cerebral ventricular system during the period of 31 months fromFeb.1979 to Aug. 1981 in the department of radiology, college of medicine, Hanyang University. The results were as follows. 1. Age distribution of the total 69 patients was broad ranging from 1 month to 80 years. 28% of patients were in the 6th decade. The male to female ratio was 2:1. 2. The consciousness of patients at CT study: Those were conscious in 11 cases, stuporous in 41 cases and unconscious in 17 cases. 3. The causes of intraventricular hemorrhages were hypertension in 28 cases, head trauma in 12 cases, aneurysm in 4 cases, tumor in 2 cases and others in 23 cases. 4. 9 cases showed intraventricular hematomas only, other 60 cases showed associated intracranial hematomas: Those were intracerebral hematomas in 53 cases including 30 cases of basal ganglial & thalamic hematomas, subarachnoid hemorrhages in 17 cases, epidural hematomas in 3 cases, and subdural hematomas in2 cases. 5. All cases of the intraventricular hematomas except one showed hematoma in the lateral ventricles, hematomas in the 3rd ventricle in 35 cases, and hematomas in the 4th ventricle in 29 cases. 6. 28 out of 69 cases showed dilatation of the lateral ventricles. 7. Only 8 out of 69 cases were improved remarkably, 11 cases were slightly improved, and 48 cases were expired. The overall mortality was 70%. 8. The consciousness of the patient at the CT study and possibly the associated intracerbral hematoma play an important role in mortality. The age of the patients, causes of hemorrhages, presence of ventricular dilatation, and methods of treatment did not affect the mortality.
Age Distribution ; Aneurysm ; Arteriovenous Fistula ; Autopsy ; Brain ; Brain Neoplasms ; Cerebral Ventricles ; Consciousness ; Craniocerebral Trauma ; Diagnosis ; Diagnostic Imaging ; Dilatation ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Fourth Ventricle ; Hematoma ; Hematoma, Subdural ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Intracranial Hemorrhages ; Lateral Ventricles ; Male ; Methods ; Mortality ; Rupture ; Stupor ; Subarachnoid Hemorrhage ; Third Ventricle

Subungual exostosis are not uncommon, however, they are infrequently mentioned in the dermatologic literature. We report herein a rase of subungual exostosis in the great toe of 16-year-old female student which was confirmed by histopathologic and radiologic findings. Histopathologic examination showed that the mass was ooeered by a dense fibrous tissue which merged into a fibrocartilage cap and bone. Computed tomography showed a well defined, oval shaped, radiopacity of bony density capped by a radiolucency.
Adolescent ; Exostoses* ; Female ; Fibrocartilage ; Humans ; Toes

No abstract available.
Humans

No abstract available.
Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel* ; Immunoblotting* ; Korea* ; Rickettsia typhi* ; Rickettsia*

The purpose of this study was to investigate the morphologic changes of the bile canaliculi and its associated structures of the liver induced by common bile duct ligation(CBDL) in the rat. The canalicular surface and lateral surface of the dry-fractured hepatocytes was studied with scanning electron microscopy at 1~6 weeks post ligation. The first week after CBDL, the bile canaliculi were dilated. The microvilli were increased in number and the lumens contained granular materials After 2 weeks or more, the bile canaliculi were dilated to a variable degree, and with irregularity, measuring from 1.5 to 5 micrometer in diameter, and in the advanced stage, the canaliculi showed blunting and the disappearance of microvilli. Some canaliculi had sprouting side branches. At 4~6 weeks post-ligation, the lateral surface of the hepatocytes also showed some irregularity and a tortuous appearance, and numerous small sized microvillous projections were formed. The tubular structures of the proliferated SER distributed adjacent to the lateral surface of the hepatocytes, and the direct connection of a tubular structure and the cytoplasmic membrane was observed. These results suggest that the deformity and loss of microvilli of bile canaliculi reflect the disturbance of bile secretion from the hepatocytes. And prolonged obstruction of bile flow may result in bile excretion via the lateral surface of hepatocytes.
Rats ; Animals

We report a case of gastro-colic fistula caused by ectopic gastric mucosa developed at transverse colon. Fistula was detected by colonofiberscopy. And fistulous tract was proved by barium enema. Meckel's diverticulum scan finding was similar to that of GI bleeding; e.g. injected radioactivity was secreted into the lumen and moved along the lumen. There was no bleeding. And there was no diverticulum in the colon. Absence of diverticular pouch may explain this unusuaal GI bleeding-like scan finding rather than focal collection of radioactivity, which is typical of ectopic gastric mucosa found in the Meckel's diverticulum. Ectopic gastric mucosa was confirmed by colonfiberscopic biopsy. We suggest GI bleeding-like pictures should be included differential diagnosis of Tc-99m-O4 (ectopic gastric mucosa or Meckel's diverticulum) scan.
Barium ; Biopsy ; Colon ; Colon, Transverse ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Diverticulum ; Enema ; Fistula* ; Gastric Mucosa* ; Hemorrhage ; Meckel Diverticulum ; Radioactivity ; Radionuclide Imaging ; Sodium Pertechnetate Tc 99m*