Guidelines as Topic ; Humans ; Medical Oncology ; standards ; Neoplasms

Humans ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ; prevention & control ; therapy ; Rectal Neoplasms ; pathology ; Reoperation

Objective To establish a method for the determination of silybin in Fufang Yiganling tablet. Methods RP-HPLC was used and the mobile phase was consisted of methanol-water-glacial acetic acid (48∶52∶1). The detection wavelength was 286 nm. Results The calibration curve of Silybin was linear in the range of 0.238 0～2.380 ?g, linear equation:Y=2.146?106X +1.818?103, r=0.999 9, with average recovery of 98.17% (RSD=1.3%). Conclusions The method is simple, accurate and with good reproducibility. It can be used to control the quality of silybin in Fufang Yiganling tablet.

Cholangiocarcinoma is a rarely malignant tumor with poor overall prognosis. Radical surgery is the only strategy to improve the long-term survival of patients with cholangio-carcinoma of early-stage. For most patients with advanced cholangiocarcinoma, systematic treatment has become the main strategy. But the available first-line drugs for the treatment of cholangiocarcinoma are limited and the curative effect is limited. In recent years, immunotherapy strategies such as immune checkpoint inhibitors have achieved encouraging results in a variety of solid tumors by using the host immune system to carry out effective anti-tumor responses. The authors summarize the research advances of immune checkpoint inhibitors in the treatment of cholangiocarcinoma.

ObjectiveTo introduce the progressing history of DO technique,and report the characteristics of the home-made type MS-1 internal mandibular distracter, and the effects of application of it in animal experiment. Methods15 Mongrel dogs were subjected to be lengthened of the unilateral or bilateral mandibles using the home-made type MS-1 mandibular distracter, and the regular X-ray ex aminations were made. ResultsAbout (20±5)mm in length of the andible had been achieved by the DO (distraction of osteogenesis)technique using the device. The accuracy of the distracter on lengthening would be attained to 98 % of the expectancy. The mineralization of the new bone fulfilled the gap zone about 5 weeks after the distraction had been finished during the consolidation period. ConclusionThe MS-1 type internal mandibular lengthening device has its special advantages on ap plication of cranio-maxillofacial surgery with a great expectancy.

OBJECTIVE:To study the correlation between the rate of inpatients using antibacterials and the cross-sectional rate of inpatients using antibacterials.METHODS:A cross sectional study was conducted on the use of antibacterials in 1040 inpatients between May 22 and May 23 in 2007.Besides,the discharge case histories of 100 cases were collected randomly for an analysis.RESULTS:Of the total 1 040 inpatients,510(49.04%)used antimicrobials.The rate of inpatients using antibacterials in comprehensive ICU took the lead at 100%,followed by pediatric department(86.05%)and the department of nephrology(84.62 %).The average rate of inpatients using antibacterials in surgery department was significantly higher than in the department of internal medicine(63.52% vs.33.94%).81% of the discharged cases used antibacterials.The irrational use of antibacterials manifested as improper timing of medication,prolonged use of antibacterials for prophylactic purpose etc.CONCLUSION:The proportion of the patients using antibacterials in descending order were inpatients,cross-sectional inpatients and outpatients.It is necessary to tighten control on the rational use of antimicrobials.

No abstract available.
Anemia* ; Chromatids* ; Humans ; Siblings*

Objective To observe the expression changes of CD34 and M30 in skin homogenate from a mouse model of scleroderma after irradiation with different doses of UVA1, and to investigate the effect of UVA1 phototherapy on vascular endothelial cell function in scleroderma. Methods The experimental mouse models of scleroderma were established by the injection with bleomycin and randomly divided into model control group (n = 10), UVA1 irradiation group (n = 30) and unirradiated group (n = 10). The UVA1 irradiation group was further equally divided into 3 groups, HD-UVA1 group irradiated with UVA1 at 100 J/cm2, MD-UVA1group with UVA1 at 60 J/cm2, and LD-UVA1 group with UVA1 at 20 J/cm2; phototherapy was performed thrice weekly for 10 weeks followed by the sacrifice of mice. The mice in model control group were killed immediately after the establishment of models, and the mice in unirradiated group received no irradiation after the establishment of models and were maintained till the killing of mice in UVA1 irradiation groups. Skin specimens were obtained from the bleomycin-induced scleroderma lesions of mice and separated into two parts, one was subjected to histopathological examination, and the other one was used to prepare skin homogenate for the detection of CD34 and M30 content with ELISA assay. Results After 30 sessions of treatment with UVA1,the softening and thinning of sclerotic skin were seen by the naked eye, with the most obvious changes in HDUVA1 group; pathological examination revealed a reduction in dermal thickness and the presence of hair follicular structures in subcutaneous fat tissue with no obvious proliferation of collagen in these mice. Compared with the mice in model control group and unirradiated group, there was an increase in CD34 and decrease in M30 content in skin homogenate from UVA 1-irradiated mice, with the most marked changes in mice irradiated with UVA1 at 100 J/cm2. The concentration of CD34 and M30 in skin homogenate from unirradiated group and model control group was significantly different from that in HD-UVA1 group (22.25 ± 8.91 μg/L and 31.97 ±17.97 μg/L vs. 72.39 ± 13.04 μg/L, 162.41 ± 58.00 U/L and 195.71 ± 71.09 U/L vs. 38.06 ± 19.89 U/L, all P ＜ 0.01 ). Additionally, significant differences were observed between the three UVA1 groups in the concentration of CD34 and M30 (F = 21.23, 15.32, respectively, both P ＜ 0.01 ). Conclusions UVA1 phototherapy could up-regulate the expression of CD34 but down-regulate that of M30 in skin homogenate from the mouse model of scleroderma, and the effect is correlated with the intensity and cumulative dose of irradiation.

Objective To determine the normal range of minimal erythema dose (MED) of normal skin to ultraviolet A (UVA) and B (UVB). Methods The definition of MED is the dose of UVA required to induce a just perceptible erythema on an individual′s skin 24 hours after irradiation. One hundred and eighteen subjects including healthy volunteers and patients with noninflammatory skin disorders were enrolled and studied with SUV1000 type UV simulator in March 2002. Results The average MED value for UVA was 55 J/cm2 (range: 18 - 95 J/cm2) in the males, and 40 J/cm2 (range: 15 - 100 J/cm2) in the females. The average MED value for UVB was 31 mJ/cm2 (range: 12 - 95 mJ/cm2) in the males and 29 mJ/cm2 (range: 8 - 95 mJ/cm2) in the females. The MED value for UVA in the males was significantly higher than that in the females (P 0.05). The MED values for UVA as well as UVB in skin type Ⅲ were significantly lower than those in skin type Ⅳ (UVA-MED: P

Objective The method of bone lengthening by distraction of callus was used on dog mandible as a model to study the capability and changes of membranous bone during distraction osteogenesis. Methods 15 dogs aged 5～7 months were chosen as the subjects. The operation included a unilateral or bilateral periosteal preserving corti cotomy of mandibular bone, and an introral mini lengthening device were fixed to the buccal side of the mandible. After 7d, the mandible was lengthened lmm/d for 20d and then held in internal fixation for 7～ 140d (1 ～ 20 weeks). Results The dogs were killed at 3 times. Anthropometric measurements, X-ray examination and histological observa tion were conducted and conformed that the distracted bone had formed in the expanded zone successfully. Conclu sion The results suggested that we could use the DO technique in the area of craniofacial clinic. The strong ability of generating new bone in membranous skeleton by DO technique should be further demonstrated in the future.