Humans ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ; prevention & control ; therapy ; Rectal Neoplasms ; pathology ; Reoperation

Guidelines as Topic ; Humans ; Medical Oncology ; standards ; Neoplasms

ObjectiveTo introduce the progressing history of DO technique,and report the characteristics of the home-made type MS-1 internal mandibular distracter, and the effects of application of it in animal experiment. Methods15 Mongrel dogs were subjected to be lengthened of the unilateral or bilateral mandibles using the home-made type MS-1 mandibular distracter, and the regular X-ray ex aminations were made. ResultsAbout (20±5)mm in length of the andible had been achieved by the DO (distraction of osteogenesis)technique using the device. The accuracy of the distracter on lengthening would be attained to 98 % of the expectancy. The mineralization of the new bone fulfilled the gap zone about 5 weeks after the distraction had been finished during the consolidation period. ConclusionThe MS-1 type internal mandibular lengthening device has its special advantages on ap plication of cranio-maxillofacial surgery with a great expectancy.

OBJECTIVE:To study the correlation between the rate of inpatients using antibacterials and the cross-sectional rate of inpatients using antibacterials.METHODS:A cross sectional study was conducted on the use of antibacterials in 1040 inpatients between May 22 and May 23 in 2007.Besides,the discharge case histories of 100 cases were collected randomly for an analysis.RESULTS:Of the total 1 040 inpatients,510(49.04%)used antimicrobials.The rate of inpatients using antibacterials in comprehensive ICU took the lead at 100%,followed by pediatric department(86.05%)and the department of nephrology(84.62 %).The average rate of inpatients using antibacterials in surgery department was significantly higher than in the department of internal medicine(63.52% vs.33.94%).81% of the discharged cases used antibacterials.The irrational use of antibacterials manifested as improper timing of medication,prolonged use of antibacterials for prophylactic purpose etc.CONCLUSION:The proportion of the patients using antibacterials in descending order were inpatients,cross-sectional inpatients and outpatients.It is necessary to tighten control on the rational use of antimicrobials.

Objective To establish a method for the determination of silybin in Fufang Yiganling tablet. Methods RP-HPLC was used and the mobile phase was consisted of methanol-water-glacial acetic acid (48∶52∶1). The detection wavelength was 286 nm. Results The calibration curve of Silybin was linear in the range of 0.238 0～2.380 ?g, linear equation:Y=2.146?106X +1.818?103, r=0.999 9, with average recovery of 98.17% (RSD=1.3%). Conclusions The method is simple, accurate and with good reproducibility. It can be used to control the quality of silybin in Fufang Yiganling tablet.

Cholangiocarcinoma is a rarely malignant tumor with poor overall prognosis. Radical surgery is the only strategy to improve the long-term survival of patients with cholangio-carcinoma of early-stage. For most patients with advanced cholangiocarcinoma, systematic treatment has become the main strategy. But the available first-line drugs for the treatment of cholangiocarcinoma are limited and the curative effect is limited. In recent years, immunotherapy strategies such as immune checkpoint inhibitors have achieved encouraging results in a variety of solid tumors by using the host immune system to carry out effective anti-tumor responses. The authors summarize the research advances of immune checkpoint inhibitors in the treatment of cholangiocarcinoma.

No abstract available.
Anemia* ; Chromatids* ; Humans ; Siblings*

Described in this paper are the significance of medical information collection, selection principles for medical information resources and common strategies for medical information collection, methods of collecting elec-tronic medical information resources, practical techniques of collecting common medical knowledge, and the whole collection process of medical information.

Objective The method of bone lengthening by distraction of callus was used on dog mandible as a model to study the capability and changes of membranous bone during distraction osteogenesis. Methods 15 dogs aged 5～7 months were chosen as the subjects. The operation included a unilateral or bilateral periosteal preserving corti cotomy of mandibular bone, and an introral mini lengthening device were fixed to the buccal side of the mandible. After 7d, the mandible was lengthened lmm/d for 20d and then held in internal fixation for 7～ 140d (1 ～ 20 weeks). Results The dogs were killed at 3 times. Anthropometric measurements, X-ray examination and histological observa tion were conducted and conformed that the distracted bone had formed in the expanded zone successfully. Conclu sion The results suggested that we could use the DO technique in the area of craniofacial clinic. The strong ability of generating new bone in membranous skeleton by DO technique should be further demonstrated in the future.

BACKGROUND: Cord blood stem cells are one of ideal target cells for gene therapy, but low gene transferring rate is the main difficulty at recent. Janus kinase tyrosine 2 (JAK2) plays an important role in self-renewing of cord blood stem/progenitor cell12s. Therefore, cord blood CD34+ cell line modified by target-amplified JAK2 genes has been developed yet by using gene regulating expression technique in order to overcome low transferring rate of cord blood genes.OBJECTIVE: To investigate the feasibility and reliability of a long-term amplified regulation for cord blood stem/progenitor cells mediated by transgene JAK2. SETTING: Department of Hematology, Beijing Hospital, Ministry of Health.MATERIALS: The experiment was carried out in the Laboratory of Hematological Department, Beijing Hospital, Ministry of Health from June 2003 to April 2006. Cord blood was derived from umbilical cord which was immediately cut from healthy, full-term and natural-parturition infants and was provided by Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Beijing Hospital. The experiment was approved by the local ethical committee, and informed consent was obtained from expectant mothers and their relatives for the use of cord blood cells. MiniMACS magnetic separation apparatus and immunomagnetic beads adsorbing CD34 single antibody were provided by Miltenyi Biotec Company, Germany; flow cytometer by FACScalibur, USA; recombinant human stem cell factor (rhSCF), Flt3 ligand (FL), human interleukin-6 (hIL-6), granulocyte macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF), granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) and thrombopoeitin (TPO) by PeproTec Company; nude mice of the SPF level by Animal Center of Beijing Medical University.METHODS: Retroviral vector MGI-F2JAK2, which was composed of functional catalytic domain of JAK2 genes and two site proteins (2xF36v, F2) combined with synthetic drug (AP20187) of target gene of small molecules, was constructed. AP20187 might specially combine with F36v to cause dimerization of JAK2 so as to activate signal conduction in cells. In addition, the vector included green fluorescence protein reporter gene, which was regarded as a label to detect proliferation. MiniMACS magnetic separation apparatus was used to purify and separate cord blood CD34+ cells. While, retrovirus supernatant including JAK2 was used to transfer cord blood CD34+ cells. After transduction, CD34+ cells were cultured with stem cell factor (SCF), Flt3 ligand, TPO and IL-6 and divided into control group (not adding AP20187) and experimental group (AP20187).MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ① Flow cytometer was used to detect percentage of green fluorescence protein reporter gene in the CD34+ cells and to determine gene transferring rate. ② Colony culture results of cord blood stem/progenitor cells after amplification. ③ Nude mice were given subcutaneous injection of ten-week cultured cord blood CD34+ cells at costa and neoplasia was observed after 30 days. RESULTS: ① Plentiful amplification of CD34+ cells was observed in both experimental group and control group. With the culture time passing by, positive rate of gel-filtered platelet of amplified CD34+ cells in the experimental group was gradually increased based on the basic level and more than 95% in the 11th week; however, positive rate of green fluorescence protein reporter gene in the control group was gradually decreased below the basic level and disappeared finally. ② Transgenic CD34+ cells in the experimental group still could generate brust forming unit-erythroid (BFU-E), colony-forming units granulocute/monocyte (CFU-GM) and multipotential hematopoietic progenitors (CFU-Mix); especially, CFU-GM was the main cell in hemopoietic progenitor cell (HPC). ③ Nude mice did not have neoplasia. CONCLUSION: Human cord blood CD34+ cells of transferring JAK2 genes may cooperate with other cytokines to amplify cord blood stem/progenitor cells in vitro for long. Therefore, this is potentially valuable for stem cells to treat some hereditary hematologic disease.