Humans ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ; prevention & control ; therapy ; Rectal Neoplasms ; pathology ; Reoperation

Guidelines as Topic ; Humans ; Medical Oncology ; standards ; Neoplasms

ObjectiveTo introduce the progressing history of DO technique,and report the characteristics of the home-made type MS-1 internal mandibular distracter, and the effects of application of it in animal experiment. Methods15 Mongrel dogs were subjected to be lengthened of the unilateral or bilateral mandibles using the home-made type MS-1 mandibular distracter, and the regular X-ray ex aminations were made. ResultsAbout (20±5)mm in length of the andible had been achieved by the DO (distraction of osteogenesis)technique using the device. The accuracy of the distracter on lengthening would be attained to 98 % of the expectancy. The mineralization of the new bone fulfilled the gap zone about 5 weeks after the distraction had been finished during the consolidation period. ConclusionThe MS-1 type internal mandibular lengthening device has its special advantages on ap plication of cranio-maxillofacial surgery with a great expectancy.

Objective To establish a method for the determination of silybin in Fufang Yiganling tablet. Methods RP-HPLC was used and the mobile phase was consisted of methanol-water-glacial acetic acid (48∶52∶1). The detection wavelength was 286 nm. Results The calibration curve of Silybin was linear in the range of 0.238 0～2.380 ?g, linear equation:Y=2.146?106X +1.818?103, r=0.999 9, with average recovery of 98.17% (RSD=1.3%). Conclusions The method is simple, accurate and with good reproducibility. It can be used to control the quality of silybin in Fufang Yiganling tablet.

OBJECTIVE:To study the correlation between the rate of inpatients using antibacterials and the cross-sectional rate of inpatients using antibacterials.METHODS:A cross sectional study was conducted on the use of antibacterials in 1040 inpatients between May 22 and May 23 in 2007.Besides,the discharge case histories of 100 cases were collected randomly for an analysis.RESULTS:Of the total 1 040 inpatients,510(49.04%)used antimicrobials.The rate of inpatients using antibacterials in comprehensive ICU took the lead at 100%,followed by pediatric department(86.05%)and the department of nephrology(84.62 %).The average rate of inpatients using antibacterials in surgery department was significantly higher than in the department of internal medicine(63.52% vs.33.94%).81% of the discharged cases used antibacterials.The irrational use of antibacterials manifested as improper timing of medication,prolonged use of antibacterials for prophylactic purpose etc.CONCLUSION:The proportion of the patients using antibacterials in descending order were inpatients,cross-sectional inpatients and outpatients.It is necessary to tighten control on the rational use of antimicrobials.

Cholangiocarcinoma is a rarely malignant tumor with poor overall prognosis. Radical surgery is the only strategy to improve the long-term survival of patients with cholangio-carcinoma of early-stage. For most patients with advanced cholangiocarcinoma, systematic treatment has become the main strategy. But the available first-line drugs for the treatment of cholangiocarcinoma are limited and the curative effect is limited. In recent years, immunotherapy strategies such as immune checkpoint inhibitors have achieved encouraging results in a variety of solid tumors by using the host immune system to carry out effective anti-tumor responses. The authors summarize the research advances of immune checkpoint inhibitors in the treatment of cholangiocarcinoma.

No abstract available.
Anemia* ; Chromatids* ; Humans ; Siblings*

BACKGROUND: Cord blood stem cells are one of ideal target cells for gene therapy, but low gene transferring rate is the main difficulty at recent. Janus kinase tyrosine 2 (JAK2) plays an important role in self-renewing of cord blood stem/progenitor cell12s. Therefore, cord blood CD34+ cell line modified by target-amplified JAK2 genes has been developed yet by using gene regulating expression technique in order to overcome low transferring rate of cord blood genes.OBJECTIVE: To investigate the feasibility and reliability of a long-term amplified regulation for cord blood stem/progenitor cells mediated by transgene JAK2. SETTING: Department of Hematology, Beijing Hospital, Ministry of Health.MATERIALS: The experiment was carried out in the Laboratory of Hematological Department, Beijing Hospital, Ministry of Health from June 2003 to April 2006. Cord blood was derived from umbilical cord which was immediately cut from healthy, full-term and natural-parturition infants and was provided by Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Beijing Hospital. The experiment was approved by the local ethical committee, and informed consent was obtained from expectant mothers and their relatives for the use of cord blood cells. MiniMACS magnetic separation apparatus and immunomagnetic beads adsorbing CD34 single antibody were provided by Miltenyi Biotec Company, Germany; flow cytometer by FACScalibur, USA; recombinant human stem cell factor (rhSCF), Flt3 ligand (FL), human interleukin-6 (hIL-6), granulocyte macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF), granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) and thrombopoeitin (TPO) by PeproTec Company; nude mice of the SPF level by Animal Center of Beijing Medical University.METHODS: Retroviral vector MGI-F2JAK2, which was composed of functional catalytic domain of JAK2 genes and two site proteins (2xF36v, F2) combined with synthetic drug (AP20187) of target gene of small molecules, was constructed. AP20187 might specially combine with F36v to cause dimerization of JAK2 so as to activate signal conduction in cells. In addition, the vector included green fluorescence protein reporter gene, which was regarded as a label to detect proliferation. MiniMACS magnetic separation apparatus was used to purify and separate cord blood CD34+ cells. While, retrovirus supernatant including JAK2 was used to transfer cord blood CD34+ cells. After transduction, CD34+ cells were cultured with stem cell factor (SCF), Flt3 ligand, TPO and IL-6 and divided into control group (not adding AP20187) and experimental group (AP20187).MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ① Flow cytometer was used to detect percentage of green fluorescence protein reporter gene in the CD34+ cells and to determine gene transferring rate. ② Colony culture results of cord blood stem/progenitor cells after amplification. ③ Nude mice were given subcutaneous injection of ten-week cultured cord blood CD34+ cells at costa and neoplasia was observed after 30 days. RESULTS: ① Plentiful amplification of CD34+ cells was observed in both experimental group and control group. With the culture time passing by, positive rate of gel-filtered platelet of amplified CD34+ cells in the experimental group was gradually increased based on the basic level and more than 95% in the 11th week; however, positive rate of green fluorescence protein reporter gene in the control group was gradually decreased below the basic level and disappeared finally. ② Transgenic CD34+ cells in the experimental group still could generate brust forming unit-erythroid (BFU-E), colony-forming units granulocute/monocyte (CFU-GM) and multipotential hematopoietic progenitors (CFU-Mix); especially, CFU-GM was the main cell in hemopoietic progenitor cell (HPC). ③ Nude mice did not have neoplasia. CONCLUSION: Human cord blood CD34+ cells of transferring JAK2 genes may cooperate with other cytokines to amplify cord blood stem/progenitor cells in vitro for long. Therefore, this is potentially valuable for stem cells to treat some hereditary hematologic disease.

Objective To observe the expression changes of CD34 and M30 in skin homogenate from a mouse model of scleroderma after irradiation with different doses of UVA1, and to investigate the effect of UVA1 phototherapy on vascular endothelial cell function in scleroderma. Methods The experimental mouse models of scleroderma were established by the injection with bleomycin and randomly divided into model control group (n = 10), UVA1 irradiation group (n = 30) and unirradiated group (n = 10). The UVA1 irradiation group was further equally divided into 3 groups, HD-UVA1 group irradiated with UVA1 at 100 J/cm2, MD-UVA1group with UVA1 at 60 J/cm2, and LD-UVA1 group with UVA1 at 20 J/cm2; phototherapy was performed thrice weekly for 10 weeks followed by the sacrifice of mice. The mice in model control group were killed immediately after the establishment of models, and the mice in unirradiated group received no irradiation after the establishment of models and were maintained till the killing of mice in UVA1 irradiation groups. Skin specimens were obtained from the bleomycin-induced scleroderma lesions of mice and separated into two parts, one was subjected to histopathological examination, and the other one was used to prepare skin homogenate for the detection of CD34 and M30 content with ELISA assay. Results After 30 sessions of treatment with UVA1,the softening and thinning of sclerotic skin were seen by the naked eye, with the most obvious changes in HDUVA1 group; pathological examination revealed a reduction in dermal thickness and the presence of hair follicular structures in subcutaneous fat tissue with no obvious proliferation of collagen in these mice. Compared with the mice in model control group and unirradiated group, there was an increase in CD34 and decrease in M30 content in skin homogenate from UVA 1-irradiated mice, with the most marked changes in mice irradiated with UVA1 at 100 J/cm2. The concentration of CD34 and M30 in skin homogenate from unirradiated group and model control group was significantly different from that in HD-UVA1 group (22.25 ± 8.91 μg/L and 31.97 ±17.97 μg/L vs. 72.39 ± 13.04 μg/L, 162.41 ± 58.00 U/L and 195.71 ± 71.09 U/L vs. 38.06 ± 19.89 U/L, all P ＜ 0.01 ). Additionally, significant differences were observed between the three UVA1 groups in the concentration of CD34 and M30 (F = 21.23, 15.32, respectively, both P ＜ 0.01 ). Conclusions UVA1 phototherapy could up-regulate the expression of CD34 but down-regulate that of M30 in skin homogenate from the mouse model of scleroderma, and the effect is correlated with the intensity and cumulative dose of irradiation.

Objective To compare the clinical efficacy of acupuncture and medicine for the treatment of chronic pharyngitis. Methods Sixty chronic pharyngitis patients were randomized into treatment group and control group, 30 cases in each group. The treatment group was treated with acupuncture mainly on acupoints of Zhaohai(KI6), Lieque(L7), Tiantu(CV22) , Lianquan(CV23), Tianrong(SI17) , Hegu(LI), Yuji (LU10) for nourishing yin to reduce fire and clearing throat. The supplementary acupoints were selected according to the symptoms and physical signs. Acupuncture was performed once a day and 6 times a week. The control group received western medical therapy including pharyngeal application with 1% iodine glycerin preparation and oral use of Cydiodine tablets, 3 times per day. Four weeks constituted one treatment course and the treatment for the two groups covered 2 courses. After treatment, the therapeutic effect was evaluated. The scores of the signs and s ymptoms as well as scores of chronic pharyngitis syndrome discomfort rating questionnaire(CPSDQ) evaluated by visual anal og scale(VAS) were observed. Results (1) The overall effective rate of the treatment group was 93.3%, higher than that of the control group(73.3%), and the inter-group difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). (2) After treatment, scores of the signs and symptoms and VAS for CPSDQ scores in the two groups were reduced as compared with those before treatment(all P<0.05 or P<0.01 ) .The improvement of the scores in the treatment group was superior to that in the control group(all P<0.05 or P<0.01).(3) During the treatment , needling-induced mild pain and bleeding occurred in the treatment group. No acupuncture syncope, stuck needles or allergic and toxic-side effect was shown in the two groups. Conclusion Acupuncture therapy can obviously relieve the symptoms, signs and discomfort in the patients with chronic pharyngitis, and the curative effect is superior to the drugs.