A clinical study was made on 189 cases of various types of arrhythmia diagnosed among 1,100 patients. Incidence of arrhythmia was 17.2% of the total cases (male 58.2%, female 41.8%). Of 189 cases of arrhythmias, 78(41.3%) had bundle branch block, 42(22.2%) atrial fibrillation, 18(9.5%) atrioventricular block, 15(8%) premature ventricular contraction, 6(3.2%) sinus arrhythmia, 6(3.2%) W.P.W. syndrome, 4(2%) premature atrial contraction, 3(1.6%) atrial flutter-fibrillation, 3(1.6%) ventricular bigeminy, 3(1.6%) intraventricular conduction defect, 2(1.1%) atrial flutter, 2(1.1%) nodal bigeminy, 2(1.1%) ventricular bigeminy, 1(0.5%) paroxysmal atrial contraction and 1(0.5%) A-V nodal rhythm, 1(0.5%) nodla premature contraction, 1(0.5%) paroxysmal atrial contraction and 1(0.5%) sinus arrest. Etiological diagnoses of patients with arrhythmia were rheumatic heart disease (21.7%), hypertensive heart disease (12.7%), arteriosclerotic heart disease (12.7%), thyrotoxic heart disease (1.6%), anemic heart disease(1.6%) congenital heart disease (2.6%), cerebral vascular accident (1.6%), essential hypertension (9%) cerebral arteriosclerosis (0.53%), cor pulmonale (2.1%). chronic myocarditis (1.6%), anemia (1.6%), chronic nephritis (1.6%), acute glomerulonephritis (0.53%) chronic hepatitis (1.1%), tuberculosis (4.2%), bronchiectasis (1.1%), leprosy (0.53%), epilepsy (0.53%) intoxication (2.6%) cardiac neurosis (11.6%) and unknown (8%). The cardinal symptoms consisted of palpitation, dyspnea, headache, edema, dizziness, cough, left chest pain. gastrointestinal complaints, chest discomfort (thightness), weakness and fatigability. The incidence of arrhythmia was highest in the 4 th decade.
Anemia ; Arrhythmia, Sinus ; Arrhythmias, Cardiac* ; Atrial Fibrillation ; Atrial Flutter ; Atrial Premature Complexes ; Atrioventricular Block ; Bronchiectasis ; Bundle-Branch Block ; Chest Pain ; Cough ; Diagnosis ; Dizziness ; Dyspnea ; Edema ; Epilepsy ; Female ; Glomerulonephritis ; Headache ; Heart ; Heart Defects, Congenital ; Heart Diseases ; Hepatitis, Chronic ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Incidence ; Intracranial Arteriosclerosis ; Leprosy ; Myocarditis ; Nephritis ; Neurocirculatory Asthenia ; Pulmonary Heart Disease ; Rheumatic Heart Disease ; Thorax ; Tuberculosis ; Ventricular Premature Complexes

No abstract available.
Epilepsy* ; Vigabatrin*

The displacement of patellar components, such as dislocation or subluxation, causes polyethylene wear and further induces metallosis of the metal-backed patella. We compared two different patellar components, onset(Miller-Galante I) and inset(Whiteside-Ortholoc I)type, to understand the differences in patellar tracking according to their designs. Patellar prosthesis position in 43 primary total knee arthroplasties was evaluated with patellar tilt, patellar displacement from the center of the trochlear groove, medial placement, patellar thickness, and joint line height. For the MG(Miller-Galante I)group, the patellar displacement was laterally 50.0% and for the Ortholoc group, it was 33.3%. In the MG group, 4 cases of revision of the patellar component due to excessive polyethylene wear were performed, but there was no excessive wear of polyethylene in Ortholoc group. One of the primary factors which influence tracking of the patellofemoral joint is the difference in design between the patellar component and the femoral component. But in the opinion of the authors, the slope or lateral displacement of the patellar component have no correlation with each other under radiological measurements. However, the inset-type patellar component is a design that maintains the bony flange within the lateral flange, therefore relieving the shear stress and rotational forces loaded on the patellofemoral joint and protecting the metal-backing from exposure. Thereby, even if dislocation or subluxation of the patellar component should occur, polyethylene wear or metallosis caused by excessive wearing can be minimal.
Arthroplasty* ; Dislocations ; Joints ; Knee* ; Patella ; Patellofemoral Joint ; Polyethylene ; Prostheses and Implants

1. 39 cases of fractures of the distal femur treated at the Gwang Ju Triservice Armed Hospital during period from January, 1968 to May, 1973 were subjected to analysis. 2. Most common cause of fracture was traffic accident and supracondylar fractures were most common. 3. Of 39 cases, 22 cases were treated by closed method with or without skeletal traction and 17 cases were treated by open reduction and internal fixation. 4. Closed methods resulted in better funtional recovery after union of fracture. 5. The healing period was 14 weeks in average.
Accidents, Traffic ; Adult ; Arm ; Clinical Study ; Femur ; Gwangju ; Humans ; Methods ; Traction

Seventy consecutive ipsilateral fracture of the femur and tibia in sixty-eight patients from December 1974 through December 1984 treated at Severance Hospital were analysed in clinical and radiological aspect. 1. Fifty-nine patients were male and nine patients were female. The male patients were more injured in the ratio of 6: 1. The avarage age was 34. 2. The main cause of injuries were traffic accidents; 59 patients. (86.8%). 3. The majority of the fractures were shaft fracture; for example, femur shaft 57% and tibia shaft 47%, The open fracture of the tibia was 34% and the femur was 17%. 4. There were 24 cases of concomitant fracture and dislocation of other sites. A fat embolism was disgnosed in 4% of the patients. Four patients had died one month after sustaining injuries. 5. Over-all, a good or excellent functional result was achieved in 76% of the patients treated with internal fixation of both fracture, 65% of the patients with intexnal fixation for the femur fracture only and 35% of the patients managed conservatively.
Accidents, Traffic ; Dislocations ; Embolism, Fat ; Female ; Femur ; Fractures, Open ; Humans ; Male ; Tibia

No abstract available.
Prognosis* ; Reye Syndrome*

No abstract available.
Humans ; Hypocalcemia* ; Infant, Newborn ; Prognosis*

This study was carried out to visualize lead by Timm sulphide silver method and to define lead-induced change of duodenal absorptive cells of rat after administration of 0.01% lead acetate with drinking water. Sprague-Dawley rats, weighing 250g, were used, and they were orally administered with 0.01% sodium acetate and sacrificed at 0.5, 1, 1.5 hours and 2, 7, 15, 30, 45, 60 days after administration. A portion of duodenal tissue was observed under light microscope, scanning and transmission electron microscopes after development with Danscher method. The blood lead concentration in experimental group began to increase from the 2nd day after administration, and it increased gradually until the 45th day and decreased at the 60th day. On light microscope, many brown lead granules were observed at the villi tip at the 2nd day. There is mild blunting of villi tip at the 45th day. At the 60th day, most of the villi were mildly shortened and showed lymphangiectasia. On scanning electron microscope, the villi tip was mildly blunted and the extrusion zone became irregular at the 45th day. The depth of creases did not change. At the 60th day, the villi tip was moderately blunted and the extrusion zone was markedly irregular. The depth of creases increased. On transmission electron microscope, at 0.5 hour after oral administration, numerous lead granules were diffusely scattered and were not confined to any specific microorganelles. The lead granules decreased with time. At the 7th 15th day, the intercellular spaces were widened and several vacuoles appeared and the condensation of mitochondrial matrix. There was also ribosomal detachment from RER, and there was neither secondary lysosomes or post-lysosomes. At the 30th and 45th day, secondary lysosomes appeared and the condensation of mitochondrial matrix with early formation of myelin figures was noted. At the 60th day, the intercellular space widening extended to the upper most portion of the cells, and nonspeciqic degenerative changes became severe. In view of above mentioned findings, it can be concluded that passive diffusion as well as active transport was partly involved in the absorption of lead. Most of the changes of microorganelle are compatible with nonspecific degenerative changes which could occur due to impairment of oxidative phosphorylation.
Rats ; Animals

The stature, span, lower limb length, sitting height, head length and head breadth of 411 Korean elementary school girls ranging from 7 to 10 years of age were measured biometrically and the indices among all of the items were calculated to investigate the physical growth status. The following conclusion have been obtained. 1. The average statures were 117.40cm in 7, 122.72cm in 8, 126.76cm in 9 and 132.92cm in 10 years of age groups, and the annual average stature growth was 5.17cm. 2. The average spans were 113.12cm in 7, 118.70cm in 8, 124.26cm in 9, 130.46cm in 10 years of age groups, and the annual average span growth was 5.78cm. 3. The average lower limb lengths were 62.96cm in 7, 66.80cm in 8, 69.09cm in 9 and 73.13cm in 10 years of age groups, and the annual average lower length growth was 3.39cm 4. The average sitting heights were 65.82cm in 7, 68.56cm in 8, 70.18cm in 9 and 73.13cm in 10 years of age groups, and the annual average sitting height growth was 2.43cm. 5. The average body weights were 21.22kg in 7, 24.13kg in 8, 25.54kg in 9 and 29.27kg in 10 years of age groups, and the annual average body weight growth was 2.68kg. 6. The average head lengths were 16.29cm in 7, 16.38cm in 8, 16.47cm in 9 and 16.60cm in 10 yeras of age groups, and the annual average head length growth was 0.10cm. 7. The average head breadth were 14.50cm in 7, 14.65cm in 8, 14.67cm in 9 and 14.81cm in 10 years of age groups, and the annual average head breadth growth was 0.10cm. 8. While both relative span and lower limb length increased with age and the relative sitting height slightly decreased with age. 9. The relative body weight increased with age. 10. The head type depended on cephalic index was belonged to hyperbrachycephaly, and showed no differrences with age in all of the groups. 11. The relative span was over 96 in all age groups, and the value increased slightly with age. 12. The average annual growth showed remarkable high value between 9 to 10 years of age in the items of stature, span, lower limb length, sitting height and body weight.
Body Weight ; Female* ; Head ; Humans ; Lower Extremity

The study was conducted to measure the stature, span, body weight, standing trunk flexion and trunk extension of 989 healthy Korean school girls from age 11 to 14 and to determine the correlation coefficients among those items. The results obtained were as follows : 1. The average statures by age were 140.68cm at 11, 147.45cm at 12, 150.14cm at 13 and 154.76cm at 14 years of age, and the stature growth per year was 4.64cm. 2. The average spans by age were 137.60cm at 11, 145.52cm at 12, 149.33cm at 13 and 153.76cm at 14 years of age, and the span growth per year was 5.39cm. 3. The stature was always longer than span, but the difference between the two items decreased with the increase of age. 4. The average body weights by age were 33.89kg at 11, 38.84kg at 12,42.21kg at 13 and 47.62kg at 14 years of age, and the increase of body weight per year was 4.58kg. 5. Remarkable growth occurred in stature and spanfrom age 11 to 12, but in body weight from age 13 to 14. 6. The average standing trunk flexions by age were 5.14cm at 11, 7.50cm at 12, 11.44cm at 13, and 12.02cm at 14 years of age. 7. The average trunk extensions by age were 40.84cm at 11, 44.40cm at 12,47.68cm at 13 and 48.53cm at 14 years of age. 8. In flexibility (standing trunk flexion and trunk extension) the annual increase was the smalled from 13 to 14 years of age. This is probably because the increase in body weight becomes hindrance to flexibility 9. the correlation coefficients between stature and span showed very high values ranging from 0.93 to 0.82. The coefficients between stature and both weight as well as between body weight and span recorded high values in all age groups. But the values decreased with age. 10. the correlation coefficients between flexibilities and physical measurements showed very low values. 11. The correlation coefficients between flexion and extension were very low(0.15) at 11 and low(ranging from 0.25 to 0.37) after 12 years of age 12. The regression equations among all of the items in each age group are given in a table for reference.
Body Weight ; Female* ; Humans ; Pliability*