This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of ambroxol on preventing the infantile respiratory distress syndrome (IRDS) in preterm birth at the Dept. of Obstetrics and Gynecology of Taegu Catholic Medical Center during the period from Jan. 1996 to Dec. 1996. Total of 68 cases were evaluated including 16 ambroxol group and 52 control group. The result were as follows : 1. In the comparison of preventing IRDS, there was 0 case of IRDS in ambroxol group and 7 cases of IRDS in control group (13.46 %). There was a significant difference between two groups (p<0.05). 2. The side effects of ambroxol after administration were nausea in 5 cases, headache in 3 cases, and chest discomfort in 4 cases, but these were not serious and self controlled. 3. There was no significant difference in neonatal morbidity between two groups (p > 0.05).
Ambroxol* ; Daegu ; Gynecology ; Headache ; Nausea ; Obstetrics ; Premature Birth ; Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Newborn* ; Thorax

There is evidence from other studies that some degree of cartilage healing may take place after the initiation of an inflammatory response. It is postulated that the induction of the platelet-cartilage interaction may eventuate in cartilage repair. The treatment of fresh articular cartilage with proteolytic enzymes rendered the tissue active as a platelet aggregant. During platelet aggregation a host of active substances are released which are known to play a role in the inflammatory response (Thompson 1975). This study was undertaken to evaluate the effects of trypsin on the surface injury of rabbit hyaline cartilage. The results were as follows: 1) Hyaline cell regeneration was observed only in the group treated with trypsin and blood; 2) Hyaline cartilage regeneration did not occur in the group treated with a single injection of trypsin or blood; 3) There was no significant damage to the healthy articular cartilage by the single injection of trypsin or blood, or both; and 4) Platelets do not adhere to cartilage and superficial damaged cartilage does not induce platelet aggregation.
Animal ; Cartilage, Articular/*drug effects/physiology/ultrastructure ; Cell Division ; Mitosis/physiology ; Platelet Aggregation/drug effects ; Rabbits ; Regeneration ; Trypsin/*pharmacology ; Wound Healing/drug effects/physiology

The use of CT is most reliable in diagnosis and management of brain abscess. Authors analized 17 cases of pathologically and clinically proven brain abscess during the period of 39 months from Jan. 1978 to Mar, 1982 at National Medical Center. The results were as follows; 1. The sex ration 9 males to 8 females, and no sexdifference was seen, and the greatest number of cases were seen below the age of 30(65%). 2. The otogenicinfection was the most frequent predisposing factors(8 cases). Other predisposing factors were postoperative infection (2 cases), pulmonary infection (2 cases), and congenital heart disease(2 cases). The most common site ofinvolvement was posterior fossa(5 cases). Next was temporal lobe (4 cases), and temporoparietal lobe (3 cases). 3.Most common presenting symptoms were headache, fever, focal neurological signs, and dizziness. 4. Among the 22 brain abscesses of 17 patients, the msot frequent CT finding in precontrast scan was a low density surrounded by afaint dense or dense ring (11 cases). Next was purely low density (6 cases). Associated hydrocephalus was found in4 cases, and multiple or multiloculated abscess was seen in 4 cases. 5. In post contrast scan, brain abscessusually show complete, oval or round shaped, thin, evening righ enhancement with mild or moderate surroundingedema, but there was no specific enhancement.
Abscess ; Brain Abscess ; Brain ; Causality ; Diagnosis ; Dizziness ; Female ; Fever ; Headache ; Heart ; Humans ; Hydrocephalus ; Male ; Temporal Lobe

No abstract available.
Coronary Artery Disease* ; Coronary Vessels* ; Dipyridamole* ; Perfusion*

OBJECTIVE: Gestational diabetes mellitus is defined as carbohydrate intolerance of variable severity first diagnosed during pregnancy. It is associated with adverse outcomes of pregnancy including obstetrical complications such as increased rate of cesarean sections, preeclampsia, and birth trauma, and perinatal morbidities, such as macrosomia, hypoglycemia, hypocalcemia, and hyperbilirubinemia. Therefore, screening for gestational diabetes mellitus and early diagnosis of this condition allows intervention to be carried out, thereby, the reduction of the untoward effects mentioned above can be minimized. METHODS: Screening for abnormal glucose metabolism was carried out in 489 pregnant women. A 50-g oral glucose load without regard to time of day or last meal, and a 1-hour plasma glucose determination with a threshold of 140mg/dl were used as a glucose screening test(GST). Patients with an abnormal GST underwent an oral glucose tolerance test(GTT). RESULTS: The overall incidence of gestational diabetes was 2.7%. The occurrence of this disorder was significantly related to the age of pregnant women, parity, or the presence of risk factors for gestational diabetes and obesity(Body Mass Index> or =26kg/m2). CONCLUSION: This study suggests that Korean pregnant women should be screened for gestational diabetes.
Blood Glucose ; Cesarean Section ; Diabetes, Gestational* ; Early Diagnosis ; Female ; Glucose Tolerance Test ; Glucose* ; Humans ; Hyperbilirubinemia ; Hypocalcemia ; Hypoglycemia ; Incidence ; Mass Screening* ; Meals ; Metabolism ; Parity ; Parturition ; Pre-Eclampsia ; Pregnancy ; Pregnant Women ; Prenatal Diagnosis* ; Risk Factors

Over 26 kinds of tablets and capsules, such as Tetracycline, Quinidine and Potassium preparations were reported to cause esopbageal ulcerations, eharacterized in various size, shape and number, ind sually in mid-esophagus, Recently authors experienced 10 cases of drug-induced esophageal ulcerations due to antibiotics and antiinflammatory agents such as Tetracycline, Aspirin, etc. Four cases were men and six were women. Four cases were in third dades, three in fourth cleeades, two in fifth decades and one in sixth decades. Presenting symptoras were odynophagia(4/10), dysphagia(3/10), substernal pain(7/10) and epigastric pain(3/10). Endoscopic examination of the esophgus showed single or multiple, small and shallow ulcers on the mid-esophgeal mucosa at the level of 30cm from the ineisor in eight cases, one Iarge and deep ulcer at the level of 40cm from incisor in one patient and one amall, shallow and one large, deep ulcers at the same time. in one patient The shape of alcers were various from a round to a large horseshoe shaped one. The clinical course was mild without complications. It was suggested that drug-induced esophsgeal ulcers with antibiotics and antiinflammatory agents could be found frequently and they had benign and mild clinicalc ourse,
Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Anti-Inflammatory Agents ; Aspirin ; Capsules ; Female ; Humans ; Incisor ; Male ; Mucous Membrane ; Potassium ; Quinidine ; Tablets ; Tetracycline ; Ulcer*

PURPOSE: We evaluated the efficiency of low contact stress(LCS) system in total knee arthroplasty by analyzing clinical and radiological results. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Out of 128 cases who underwent total knee arthroplasty with meniscal bearing type LCS system, eighty one cases who were followed up for more than two years were analysed. Average follow-up period was 32,6 months(24 months-48 months). The diagnoses were six cases of degenerative arthritis, eighteen cases of rheumatoid arthritis, and two cases of avascular necrosis. Clinical analysis were performed by American Knee Society Knee Score and Hospital for Special Surgery(HSS) knee score and radiographic analysis were performed by the Knee Society Roentgenographic Evaluation and Scoring System. RESULTS: Average preoperative flexion contracture was improved from 13.4 degrees preoperatively to 1.2 degrees at final follow-up and average arc of motion was changed from 107 degrees preopeatively to 108 degrees at final follow-up without significant improvement. American Knee Society Knee Score was improved from average 55.2 preoperatively to 88.5 at final follow-up. HSS knee score also showed improvement from average 58.2 to 86.5. Tibio-femoral angle was improved from 6.3 degrees of varus preoperatively to 5.1 degrees of valgus at final follow-up. Radiolucent lines was seen most commonly at zone 1 in anteroposterior radiograph of tibia and in zone 1 in lateral radiograph of femur. Complications such as superficial wound infection, stiffness, and meniscal bearing fracture were seen in four cases. CONCLUSION: Total knee arthroplasty using LCS system showed satisfactory improvement in flexion contracture, deformity correction. Clinical and radiographic result.
Arthritis, Rheumatoid ; Arthroplasty* ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Contracture ; Diagnosis ; Femur ; Follow-Up Studies ; Knee* ; Necrosis ; Osteoarthritis ; Tibia ; Wound Infection

BACKGROUNDS/AIMS: This study focuses on the pathogenesis of inflammatory reaction and cell necrosis in patients with chronic viral hepatitis and examines the possible effects of follicular dendritic cells, HLA-DR and CD8+ presenting lymphocytes by analyzing their expression and the histological activity index (HAI) in liver tissues. METHODS: Liver biopsy specimens were obtained from 59 patients with chronic hepatitis B and from 26 patients with chronic hepatitis C. The expressions of dendritic cells, HLA-DR and CD8+ presenting lymphocytes were determined by immunohistochemical stain. RESULTS: The incidence of lymphoid follicle and/or lymphoid aggregates in portal tracts of the liver was higher in chronic hepatitis C than it was in chronic hepatitis B (84.6% vs. 15.3%, p=0.000). Follicular dendritic cells were exclusively expressed within lymphoid follicles and/or lymphocyte aggregates in portal areas. HLA-DR restricted cells were mainly observed in portal and periportal areas as well as in the area of piecemeal necrosis. CD8+ lymphocytes were diffusely expressed in portal and periportal areas and within intralobular parenchymal sinusoids. The expression of dendritic cell and HLA-DR was more frequently observed in moderate chronic hepatitis than in mild chronic hepatitis. While that of CD8+ lymphocyte expression was more frequent in severe chronic hepatitis with a high HAI score. CONCLUSIONS: The follicular dendritic cells may trap viral antigens in intraportal lymphoid follicle and present them to HLA-DR and CD8+ presenting lymphocytes. It is suggested that the associated expression of dendritic cells, HLA-DR and CD8+ presenting lymphocytes in liver tissues may play one of the biological role in immune injury in chronic viral hepatitis.
Antigens, Viral ; Biopsy ; Dendritic Cells* ; Dendritic Cells, Follicular ; Hepatitis B, Chronic ; Hepatitis C, Chronic ; Hepatitis* ; Hepatitis, Chronic ; HLA-DR Antigens* ; Humans ; Incidence ; Liver ; Lymphocytes* ; Necrosis

PURPOSE: To evaluate practice patterns for pediatric hydronephrosis of Korean urologists practicing at secondary or university hospitals. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The subjects were asked to complete questionnaires sent by postal mail or e-mail that explored practicing diagnostic and therapeutic strategies in the management of pediatric hydronephrosis and ureteropelvic junction obstruction. The questionnaires of those responding were analyzed according to whether the respondent practiced at a secondary or university hospital, how long they had been urologists, and whether they specialized in pediatric urology or other specific field of urology. RESULTS: Of the 354 questionnaires sent, 97 were returned (response rate 27.4%). Voiding cystourethrography was not routinely recommended by 95.7% of respondents, and diuretic renal scanning was considered necessary for postnatal evaluation of prenatal hydronephrosis by 78.5%. In addition, 72.2% of these doctors did not routinely recommend antibiotic prophylaxis. Follow-up ultrasonography was recommended at 3 to 6 months (61.1%), and follow-up diuretic renal scanning was recommended at 3 to 6 months (38.6%) or 6 to 12 months (32.7%). The reported length of time it took to deem an operation as a success was 3 to 6 months (49.5% and 60.7%) and within 3 months (34.1% and 19.1%) by ultrasonography and diuretic renal scanning, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: This survey documented a certain degree of variability among Korean urologists concerning standard practices of the assessment, follow-up, and treatment for pediatric hydronephrosis. Results from this survey might contribute useful data for establishing proper guidelines for the management of pediatric hydronephrosis.
Antibiotic Prophylaxis ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Electronic Mail ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hospitals, University ; Hydronephrosis ; Pediatrics ; Postal Service ; Urology

OBJECTIVES: Fibronectin is a high-molecular-weight glycoprotein found in the plasma and extracellular matrix. The presence of fetal fibronectin in cervicovaginal secretion of pregnant women during the second and the third trimester has been suggested as a means of identifying women in preterm labor who be delivered prematurely. Therefore, our purpose was to determine the clinical efficacy of the presence of fetal fibronectin in cervicovaginal secretion of patient in full term as biochemical predictor of Time of Induction. METHODS: Fetal fibronectin was obtained at external os and posterior vaginal fornix in 30 women in full term who had no uterine contraction with intact membrane. The cervix was assessed by digital vaginal examination and scored with a modified Bishop score. RESULTS: There was a good correlation in delivery time after induction between the fetal fibronectin and the modified Bishop score (r=0.695,P<0.005) CONCLUSION: The presence of fetal fibronectin is better than Bishop score that is dependent on clinical experience as biochemical predictor of Time of Induction.
Cervix Uteri ; Extracellular Matrix ; Female ; Fibronectins* ; Glycoproteins ; Gynecological Examination ; Humans ; Membranes ; Obstetric Labor, Premature ; Plasma ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Trimester, Third ; Pregnant Women ; Uterine Contraction