Objective To study the efficacy of sodium profile combined with ultrafiltration profile in preventing intradialytic hypotension and changes of the sodium level in blood plasma after hemodialysis. Methods 10 patients with maintenance hemodialysis were chosen randomly. Every patient underwent with conventional hemodialysis treatment and sodium profile combined with ultrafiltration profile treatment 5 times alternatively. And then the blood pressure changes. HR changes, ultrafiltration volume changes and clinical symptoms were observed during treatments. And also after HD, the sodium level in blood plasma was observed. Results The blood pressure decrease of sodium profile combined with ultrafiltration profile evidently reduced the conventional HD treatments( P＜0.01 ).Ultrafiltration volume of the former evidently increased compared with that of the latter(P＜0.01 ). The sodium level in blood plasma after HD was not significantly changed compared with before HD(P＞0.05). Conclnsion Sodium profile combined with ultrafiltration profile diminishes the episodes of hypotension evidently and increases the ability to endure sufferirgs to patients and does not increase the sodium level in blood plasma. So it is an effective medical treatment.

Objective To investigate the mechanism of inter fe ron-? (IFN?) in preventing hepatic fibrosis in rat experimental model . Methods Thirty-six male Sprague-Dawley rats were divide d into three groups randomly: group A(normal controls)of 12 rats were given norm al food and water and received subcutaneous injection of peanut oil twice weekly ; group B (fibrotic model)and group C (IFN? prevention) with 12 rats in eac h were induced by carbon terrachloride, high cholesterol and low protein. Group C were treated with intramusclular injections of IFN? in saline, administered daily at the doses of 1?10 5U. At the end of the sixth week, all the rats in each group were killed, the liver function was examined and the samples of t he liver obtained by biopsy were submitted to histological liver fibrosis studie s. The expressions of ?-smooth muscle actin in hepatic tissues were detect ed with immunohistochemical methods. The effect of IFN? on apoptosis of hep atic stellate cells (HSC) were investigated under electron microscope. Results The level of hepatic collagen Ⅰand Ⅲ and serum PC Ⅲ, HA, and LN in group C was significantly lower than that of group B under lig ht microscope (P

Cell autophagy is an evolutionarily conserved pathway for degredation of cytoplasmic proteins and organelles,and it is a vital machinery for maintaining cell homestasis.Cell autophagy has a dual role in the occurence and development of hepatocarcinoma.Autophagy can serve as an anti-tumor machinery as defective autophagy promotes the malignant transformation.On the other hand,autophagy functions as a protective machinery are associated with liver metastasis and tumor related drug resistance.

Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is a respiratory disorder that is frequently associated with premature infants.Prevention from its occurrence is perceived to be more valuable than its treatment due to the current lack of effective management.This article elaborated recent development in preventing premature birth and lung injuries caused by mechanical ventilation,oxygen toxicity,infection and inflammation,which played a central role in the development of BPD.

The clinical manifestations of infectious retinal diseases are complicated,especially these result from serious infectious diseases such as acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS),tuberculosis and syphilis infections.It is an important issue to differentiate infectious retinal disease from non-infectious intraocular inflammation in the clinic.It is,therefore,highly desirable to follow a proper steps to reach the correct diagnosis.Complete history review and comprehensive ocular examination remains the first step in diagnosing infectious retinal diseases.Although an array of laboratory and serological tests are available to assist in the diagnosis,some situations may require a diagnostic therapy or a tissue biopsy.Identification of the pathogen and histopathologic examination of the ocular specimen remain to be the gold standard of diagnosis.Initiation a specific and appropriate antimicrobial therapy needs multidisciplinary collaborations including ophthalmologists and infectious specialists.Updated knowledge of general medicine and management of infectious diseases,interdisciplinary collaborations and optimization of treatment processes will improve the diagnosis and treatment of retinal infectious diseases in the future.

Human cytomegalovirus(HCMV) is a ubiquitous herpesvirus.It is always a serious pathogen in immunosuppressed individuals,and also the most common and harmful agent causing congenital infection and birth defects.Biological functions of the encoded proteins in HCMV UL/b' region,which is deleted in the HCMV laboratory AD169 strain,have been explored in depth in recent years,and the results demonstrate that the proteins have important roles in HCMV virulence,transmission,tropisms and immune escape and so on.UL133-UL138 locus can promote to establish and maintain HCMV latent infections,and pUL1 38 is the first HCMV protein demonstrated to promote infection with the hallmarks of latency in CD34 + hematopoietic progenitor cells (HPC).Therefore,the products expressed by the gene of HCMV UL/b' region are crucial in the course of HCMV infection.This article reviews the genetic structure and biological functions of encoded proteins in HCMV UL/b' region,especially pULl38 which is related with HCMV latent infections.It will be greatly significant to clarify the pathogenesis of HCMV infection.

Objective To explore the impact of nursing intervention on life style and life quality of patients with coronary artery disease (CHD). Methods 100 hospitalized patients with angina pec-toris CHD (more than 60 years old) were randomized into the observation group and the control group with 50 patients in each group.The control group received regular cardiovascular drugs treatment and nursing, based upon this, the observation group was given nursing intervention, including health educa-tion, mental intervention, life guidence, physical exercise and guidence after discharge. Life style ques-tionaire and LiHFe were used for evaluation of life style and life quality at the time when patients were on admission and 3 months after discharge, and χ2 and t test were adopted. Results The observation group was superior to the control group in items such as weight control, low diet salt and low-fat diet, regular sleep, smoke abatement, alcohol limit and physical exersice. The observation group was better than that of the control group in life quality score. Conclusions Nursing intervention can promote the establishment of health awareness and health behaviors, then enhance life quality of patients with CHD.

Growth and development in children comprises a complex interaction of factors. More recently, it was reported that aromatase P450 may play an important role in growth and development. Aromatase is encoded by CYP19A1 gene,catalyzes the conversion of androgens to estrogens. Research data indicated that CYP 19A1 gene polymorphisms may partly influence adult height in healthy subjects. Also previous study reported the association between aromatase-related genes polymorphisms and early puberty in human. This review summarizes structure and function of aromatase-related genes,their association with puberty, abnormal puberty onset due to gene defects. There is a focus on the pathogenesis underlying growth and development in children.

No abstract available.
Pneumonia*

Cough is one of the most common symptoms that can be occasionally very distressful and persistently troublesome. Chronic cough is usually defined as a cough persisting for three weeks or longer. The most common etiologies of chronic cough are postnasal drip, asthma, and gastroesophageal reflux, and more than one causes can be identified. Therapeutic trial with decongestants/first-generation antihistamines is usually effective in the diagnosis and management of postnasal drip syndrome. Even cough without postnasal drip can be improved with decongestant/antihistamine. Methacholline challenge bronchoprovocation test is indicated for the exclusion of asthma. The 24-hour esophageal pH monitoring is usually not indicated unless the symptoms are not improving despite the medical management and lifestyle modification for gastroesophageal reflux. Cough may be caused by gastroesophageal reflux in cases not complaining of heartburn or a sour taste in the mouth. Korean patients frequently confuse postnasal drip or throat clearing with sputum from the lower respiratory tract. There is an increasing attention to the pertussis in adults. The laryngeal spasm, that can cause a brief episode of choking sense with cough, is still not well recognized even among physicians. The bronchodilators are to frequently prescribed because many patients and physicians confuse throat clearing with cough or sputum. On the contrary, codein is too much reserved in the management of cough.
Adult ; Airway Obstruction ; Asthma ; Bronchodilator Agents ; Cough* ; Diagnosis ; Esophageal pH Monitoring ; Gastroesophageal Reflux ; Heartburn ; Histamine Antagonists ; Humans ; Laryngismus ; Life Style ; Mouth ; Pharynx ; Respiratory System ; Sputum ; Whooping Cough