Objective To study the efficacy of sodium profile combined with ultrafiltration profile in preventing intradialytic hypotension and changes of the sodium level in blood plasma after hemodialysis. Methods 10 patients with maintenance hemodialysis were chosen randomly. Every patient underwent with conventional hemodialysis treatment and sodium profile combined with ultrafiltration profile treatment 5 times alternatively. And then the blood pressure changes. HR changes, ultrafiltration volume changes and clinical symptoms were observed during treatments. And also after HD, the sodium level in blood plasma was observed. Results The blood pressure decrease of sodium profile combined with ultrafiltration profile evidently reduced the conventional HD treatments( P＜0.01 ).Ultrafiltration volume of the former evidently increased compared with that of the latter(P＜0.01 ). The sodium level in blood plasma after HD was not significantly changed compared with before HD(P＞0.05). Conclnsion Sodium profile combined with ultrafiltration profile diminishes the episodes of hypotension evidently and increases the ability to endure sufferirgs to patients and does not increase the sodium level in blood plasma. So it is an effective medical treatment.

Objective To investigate the mechanism of inter fe ron-? (IFN?) in preventing hepatic fibrosis in rat experimental model . Methods Thirty-six male Sprague-Dawley rats were divide d into three groups randomly: group A(normal controls)of 12 rats were given norm al food and water and received subcutaneous injection of peanut oil twice weekly ; group B (fibrotic model)and group C (IFN? prevention) with 12 rats in eac h were induced by carbon terrachloride, high cholesterol and low protein. Group C were treated with intramusclular injections of IFN? in saline, administered daily at the doses of 1?10 5U. At the end of the sixth week, all the rats in each group were killed, the liver function was examined and the samples of t he liver obtained by biopsy were submitted to histological liver fibrosis studie s. The expressions of ?-smooth muscle actin in hepatic tissues were detect ed with immunohistochemical methods. The effect of IFN? on apoptosis of hep atic stellate cells (HSC) were investigated under electron microscope. Results The level of hepatic collagen Ⅰand Ⅲ and serum PC Ⅲ, HA, and LN in group C was significantly lower than that of group B under lig ht microscope (P

No abstract available.
Mitral Valve* ; Pulmonary Edema* ; Rupture*

No abstract available.
Pulmonary Embolism*

No abstract available.
Pneumonia*

No abstract available.
Dyspnea* ; Electrocardiography* ; Oxygen*

Cough is one of the most common symptoms that can be occasionally very distressful and persistently troublesome. Chronic cough is usually defined as a cough persisting for three weeks or longer. The most common etiologies of chronic cough are postnasal drip, asthma, and gastroesophageal reflux, and more than one causes can be identified. Therapeutic trial with decongestants/first-generation antihistamines is usually effective in the diagnosis and management of postnasal drip syndrome. Even cough without postnasal drip can be improved with decongestant/antihistamine. Methacholline challenge bronchoprovocation test is indicated for the exclusion of asthma. The 24-hour esophageal pH monitoring is usually not indicated unless the symptoms are not improving despite the medical management and lifestyle modification for gastroesophageal reflux. Cough may be caused by gastroesophageal reflux in cases not complaining of heartburn or a sour taste in the mouth. Korean patients frequently confuse postnasal drip or throat clearing with sputum from the lower respiratory tract. There is an increasing attention to the pertussis in adults. The laryngeal spasm, that can cause a brief episode of choking sense with cough, is still not well recognized even among physicians. The bronchodilators are to frequently prescribed because many patients and physicians confuse throat clearing with cough or sputum. On the contrary, codein is too much reserved in the management of cough.
Adult ; Airway Obstruction ; Asthma ; Bronchodilator Agents ; Cough* ; Diagnosis ; Esophageal pH Monitoring ; Gastroesophageal Reflux ; Heartburn ; Histamine Antagonists ; Humans ; Laryngismus ; Life Style ; Mouth ; Pharynx ; Respiratory System ; Sputum ; Whooping Cough

No abstract available.

No abstract available.
Cisplatin* ; Cytarabine* ; Drug Therapy* ; Pleural Effusion, Malignant*

BACKGROUND: How to control the diameter and distribution of void is a tough problem for the preparation of polyvinylacetate porous materials, which is lack of efficient solutions. OBJECTIVE: To prepare polyvinylacetate porous materials by using high internal phase emulsions as templates, and to study the effect of preparation technique on diameter and distribution of void. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: The observational experiment was performed at the Institute of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Taishan Medical University from March 2007 to October 2008. MATERIALS: Vinylacetate was supplied by Tianjin Yongda Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. Divinylbenzene and sorbitan monooleate (SPAN 80) were provided by Aldrich Company (USA). Anhydrous calcium chloride and chlorobenzene was obtained from Shanghai No.1 Reagent Plant. Toluene was purchased from Tianjin Zonghengxing Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. 1,2-Dichlorobenzene was offered by Beijing Jingyi Chemical Plant. METHODS: The emulsions were obtained by adding dropwise aqueous solution of CaCl2 and potassium persulfate to the continuous phase (vinylacetate, DVB and Span80) under stirring, and then polymerization was heating by water bath in constant temperature (60 ℃). The solid foams were cut into 1 cm disciform strips and extracted with propanol for 48 hours in a Soxhlet apparatus. Solid foams were dried under vacuum at 50 ℃ to obtain polyvinylacetate porous materials. The void diameter, window diameter was observed by scanning electron microscope, the specific surface area was measured by 3H-2000Ⅱ instrument. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The specific surface area, void diameter and window diameter of porous materials. RESULTS: The void diameters of the polyvinylacetate porous materials were controlled 3.3-5.2 μm with window diameters of 1.7-2.3 μm. The surface areas greater than 720 m2/g could be achieved by replacing some of the monomer phase with non-polymerizable solvent, such as toluene.CONCLUSION: Polyvinylacetate porous materials with tailored void diameters can be produced via optimizing the composition and processing conditions of the emulsion precursor by high internal phase ratio template method.