Objective The objective of this study was to investigate the clinicopathological features and rational treatment of primary fallopian tube cancer(PFTC).Methods The clinical and pathological data of 39 patients with primary fallopian tube cancer from January 2006 to July 2016 in Beijing Tongren Hospital of Capital University were retrospectively analyzed.Results There were 39 cases of undifferentiated carcinoma,including 1 case of undifferentiated and transitional cell carcinoma,37 cases of undifferentiated adenocarcinoma,or 29 cases of simple adenocarcinoma and 10 cases of mixed type.Among them,7 cases were treated with clear cell carcinoma,endometriosis in 2 cases,combined with transitional cell carcinoma in 1 case.Extra-pelvic metastases were the most common site of the omentum with 17 cases.The preoperative test CA125 was increased in 13 cases and 38 patients received postoperative chemotherapy.The 5-year overall survival rate of 39 patients was 51.3%.Univariate analysis showed that postoperative pathologic stage(Ⅰ~Ⅱ vs.Ⅲ,P<0.001),intraoperative residual lesion size(P<0.001),omentum metastasis(P<0.001),ovarian metastasis(P=0.034),retroperitoneal lymph node metastasis(P=0.018)and preoperative CA125 elevation(P=0.002)were associated with prognosis,while age(P=0.310)and pathological grade(P=0.663)were not associated with prognosis.Multivariate analysis showed that the number of patients with postoperative lymph node metastasis(P=0.018)and preoperative CA125 elevation(P=0.002)were correlated with prognosis(HR=1.202,95% CI:2.354~63.290,P=0.003) and pathological stage(HR=3.810,95% CI:1.202~12.079,P=0.023).They were associated with prognosis as independent prognostic factors.Conclusion Tumor pathologic staging and omentum metastasis are important prognostic factors influencing the prognosis of patients with primary fallopian tube cancer.Early diagnosis and complete operation can improve the prognosis of patients.

Objective:To investigate the relationship between hearing loss and acoustic neuroma(AN),the tests of pure tone audiometry,acoustic emissions impedance audiometry,audiometry brainstem response(ABR)and evoked otoacoustic emissions(EOAE)wee measured in 14 patients (16 ears)from March 1999 to December 2000.Methods:Fourteen patients (16 ears)with acoustic neuroma (8 males and 6 females,ranging in age from 21 to 72 years old)were diagnosed by CT or MRI scaning,and final confirmed by surgery and pathology.In the auditory tests ,efferent suppression test was curried out only in 4 ears with recordable emissions,promontory stimulation test (PST)was examined only in 5 ears with severe or profound deafness (hearing loss≥80dB SPL)who have no both measurable ABR and recordable EOAE.Results:It was found that 2 ears (12.5%,2/16)of the AN ears showed neural impairment,6 ears (37.5%,6/16)were cochlear impairment and 8 ears (50.0%,8/16)were cochlear-retrocochlear impairment.All of 4 tumors ears with EOAE emission have a disorders of efferent function.Conclusion:EOAE test had significant value for evaluation of the status of cochlear function (at the level of outer hair cells)in AN patients.The retrocochlear auditory nerve function of AN patients were evaluated by the tests of ABR combined PST which showed significant value.Results showed that the hearing impairment of AN have different levels of the peripheral auditory system according to auditory tests,including cochlear,eighth cranial nerve and efferent nerve level at the same or independently.

Possible altered gene expression patterns in bladder turnout carcinogenesis in rat bladder cancers induced by BBN [N-butyl-N-(4-hydroxybutyl)nitrosamine] was examined by cDNA microarray analysis of gene expression profiles.Thirty Sprague-Dawley rats were given drinking water containing 0.05% BBN ad libitum for 24 to 28-weeks.Equal numbers of control rats were given tap water without BBN.After treatment,the rat bladders were excised for RNA extraction and histopathological examinations.Total RNAs were extracted from rat transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) tissues and micro-dissected normal rat bladder epithelia.The atlas glass rat microarray was used,which included oligonucleotides of 1081 rat genes.Some of the up-regulated genes in rat bladder TCCs were further confirmed by Northern blotting.Our results showed that the transcriptions of 30 genes were significantly elevated in the rat bladder TCCs,and these included fly proto-oncogene,Lipocortin 2,COX Ⅳ,COX Ⅴ a,and cathepsin D.Also,15 genes were significantly down-regulated in the rat bladder TCCs and they included B7.1,TNFrl,APOAI and VHL.The resuits of cDNA microarray analysis demonstrated that normal rat bladder epithelia and bladder TCC exhibited different and specific gene statement profiles.The increased expressions of the identified genes may play an important role in the chemically induced bladder carcinogenesis.

Aged ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; pathology ; surgery ; Cholecystectomy ; Gallbladder Neoplasms ; pathology ; surgery ; Humans ; Male

Cadherins ; genetics ; Hearing Loss, Sensorineural ; genetics ; pathology ; Humans

Objective To determine whether real-time three-dimensional transesophageal echocardiography(RT-3D TEE) is an accurate non-invasive technique for defining the morphology of atrial septal defects(ASD). Methods In 20 patients with secundum ASD, mean age 42.2 years (7 male, 13 female) ,live three dimensional surgical views of ASD were acquired,qualitative morphology of ASD such as the shape, presence of fenestrations and the defect margins were noted during the cardiac cycle. The measurements obtained from 2-dimensional transesophageal echocardiography(2D-TEE) and RT-3D TEE were compared to those obtained from stretched balloon diameter(SBD) or surgery. Measurements of the size and area change of ASD were validated during the cardiac cycle by RT-3D TEE,stepwise multiple linear regression analysis was performed to test the correlation between the maximum change ratios of area and diameter of ASD and age, atrial septal length, ASD shunting velocity, the maximum diameter of ASD and right ventricular systolic pressure. Results ① The morphology of ASD was circle-like or elliptical in systole,irregular or elliptical in diastole. ②The area and diameter of ASD measured by RT-3D TEE was minimal in isovolumetric contraction phase, maximal in isovolumetric diastole phase. The correlation coefficient of maximum diameter measured by 3D with SBD was 0.962 , greater than that by 2D and SBD (0.820). ③The change ratio of area and maximum diameter of ASD acquired by RT-3D-TEE was 11.48%-71.12% and 2.80%-43.87% respectively,and the correlation coefficient of them was 0.921. Conclusions RT-3D TEE using live 3D-Zoom mode accurately displayed the varying morphology,dimensions and spatial relations of ASD. RT-3D TEE can offer visualization morphological changing of ASD in different periods of cardiac cycle,providing more information for percutanous catheter intervention and open heart surgery.

Objective To explore differentiation in vitro of rat adipose-derived stem cells into photoreceptor cells and RPE cells.Methods The ADSCs were cultured by adhering to the flask surface and purified by continual passaging.Surface antigens including CD45、CD90、CD49d、CD106 were indentified by flow cytometry.ADSCs were induced to differentiate by EGF,activin A,taurine,retinoic acid(RA) and extracted liquid of retina respectively.Meanwhile,ADSCs were induced by EGF+taurine,EGF+RA,taurine + RA,EGF+taurine+RA respectively.Immunofluorescence was used for detecting the expression of rhodopsin,CK and S-100,and flow cytometry was used for quantification.Results For primary culture,the phenotypes of ADSCs were: CD45,CD90,CD49d and CD106,with a positive percentage of 1.6%,71.3%,7.8% and 3.5%,respectively.From passage 1 to 5,these phenotypes were: CD45(0.8%～9.3%),CD90(84.7%～94.8%),CD49d(16.8%～31.0%)and CD106(8.3%～22.2%).There was a higher CD49d percentage than CD106 in all the passages.The induction efficacy of ADSCs was 17.5%～46.0% for rhodopsin,19.7%～79.3% for CK and 27.3%～50.7% for S-100.Conclusion It is suggested that ADSC has potential to differentiate into photoceptors and RPE cells as evidenced by thepresence of the specific markers of photoceptors(rhodopsin) and RPE markers(CK and S-100).

Objective To investigate the correlation between three gene locus polymorphisms of X-ray repair cross-complementary protein 1 (XRCC1) exon (Arg194Trp, Arg280His and Arg399Gln) and the risk of colorectal cancer (CRC). Methods A case-control study was performed in 250 CRC patients (case group, 128 colon cancer patients and 122 rectal cancer patients) and 213 healthy individuals (control group). The three gene locus polymorphism of XRCC1 was tested by polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method. The genotype distribution and allele frequency of each locus was analyzed with SPSS 10.0 software. Results There was no significant difference in allele frequency of XRCC1 at 194 and 399 loci (P > 0.05). However, the 280 Arg/His allele frequency of XRCC1 was higher in case group than that in control group (OR=1.66,95%CI:1.01~2.73,P=0.047). The 280Arg/His allele frequency was higher in rectal cancer group than that in control group (OR =1.82,95%CI:1.02~3.27). The frequency of 280His allele (Arg280His and His280His) was higher in case group than that in control group (OR=1.85,95%CI:1.06~3.22). However, it was a relative low risk factor of colon cancer and there was no significant difference between colon cancer group and control group (OR=1.85, 95%CI:1.06~3.22). Conclusions There was no correlation between XRCC1 Arg194Trp and Arg399Gln polymorpohisms and the risk of CRC. However, 280Arg/His genotype may increase the risk of CRC, and 280His allele is a risk factor of rectal cancer.

Objective To investigate the value of the intraoperative real-time three-dimensional transesophageal echocardiography (RT 3D-TEE) in therapeutic application of surgery for the mitral valve prolapse.Methods Thirty-five patients underwent surgical treatment were diagnosed as mitral valve prolapse by 2-dimensional transthoracic echocardiography (2D-TTE),with or without ruptured chordae tendineae.RT 3D-TEE was performed for assessing the segment of prolapse and its complications before cardiopulmonary bypass and after heart resuscitation respectively.The echocardiographic results were compared with the surgical findings.Results The accuracy of RT 3D-TEE to identify segments with prolapse was significantly higher than that of 2D-TTE (91.4％ vs 82.9％,P =0.003).RT 3D-TEE was more accurate than 2D-TTE for identifying ruptured chordae tendineae,vegetation and thrombus since higher sensitivity,specificity and Youden index.Among all 35 patients,valvuloplasty was performed in 28 cases,whereas,only 7 cases underwent replacement of prosthetic valves.Three patients were benefited by accurate evaluation of therapeutic effect using RT 3D-TEE in time.ConclusionsIntraoperative RT 3D-TEE can be used to provide “ surgical view”,acquired adequate valuable information of mitral valve,and more reliable functional and anatomical assessment of the mitral valve components and its geometry.Suitable surgical intervention can be designed for improving outcomes of patients.

Objective To investigate X‐ray ,CT and MRI features of synovial chondromatosis of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) .Methods X‐ray ,CT and MRI features of eight patients of synovial chondromatosis of TMJ with histo‐pathologically con‐firmed were analyzed retrospectively .X‐ray examination and CT scanning were performed in all eight patients .Routine MRI scanning was performed in six patients and contrast‐enhanced MRI scanning was performed in two patients synchronously .Results Tumors occured unilaterally in all eight cases ,which occured on the right TMJ in six cases and on the left side in two cases .On X‐ray films , widen joint space and calcificated loose bodies occured in all eight cases .On CT scanning ,cystic‐solid mixed mass around the joint and calcificated loose bodies occured in all eight cases .On MR scanning ,multiple nodular long T1 and short T2 signal occured in six cases . Arthroedema and synovial hyperplasia with iso T1 and iso or slightly long T2 signal in six cases .On contrast‐enhanced MR ,homoge‐neous enhancement occurred in svnovial tissue and the edge of loose bodies in two cases .Conclusion The synovial chondromatosis of TMJ owns typical imaging features .The imaging findings can serve as a reference to improve diagnosis of synovial chondromatosis of TMJ .