STATEMENT OF PROBLEM: Titanium-Nickel alloy might be used in various prosthetic restorations since it has a unique property such as super-elasticity and high fatigue resistance. However, little is known about the casting ability of this alloy. PURPOSE: This in vitro study compared the casting accuracy and the porosity made with different investments and various sprue designs to ascertain what casting condition would be better for the fabrication of Ti-Ni cast restorations. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A total of 70 Ti-Ni alloy crowns were made and divided into 7 groups of 10 copings on a metal master die. For measuring the effect of the sprue numbers, two groups with one and two 8-gauge sprues were compared. Moreover, the results of the conventional sprue and the double thickness sprues were compared. Three investments were used; carbon free phosphate bonded investment, titanium investment and gypsum bonded investment. The cast restorations were evaluated at 48 points on the entire circumferential margin with a stereomicroscope measuring in micrometers. Each crown was radiographically examined for casting defects and porosity. Data on casting accuracy were analyzed using two-way and Post hoc Scheffe's comparison to determine whether significant differences existed at the 95% confidence level. Student-Newman-Keuls test were performed to identify significant differences in the number of voids. RESULTS: The double sprueing group and double thickness group had significantly less marginal discrepancy than the single sprueing group (P<.05 and P<.01, respectively). The castings with phosphate bonded investment showed the least marginal discrepancy and the smoothest surface. The castings invested in the gypsum bonded investment had the greatest gaps in margin and the largest failure rate. The double sprueing group and phosphate bonded investment group had significantly smaller void numbers and smaller void size than the other groups. CONCLUSION: Within the limitations of this in vitro study, the casting accuracy of the groups using thicker, double sprue design and the phosphate bonded investment was significantly superior. Moreover, void number and size were less than other groups.
Alloys ; Calcium Sulfate ; Carbon ; Celiac Disease ; Crowns ; Fatigue ; Investments ; Porosity* ; Titanium

No abstract available.
Cicatrix* ; Skin* ; Suture Techniques* ; Sutures*

Blood valproic acid levels were decreased in patients with traumatic brain injury who had been using valproic acid to control irritability and aggression, and the symptoms worsened coincident with the administration of meropenem, a carbapenem-based antibiotic. Two weeks after the discontinuation of meropenem, valproic acid levels were restored to an effective therapeutic concentration. Therefore, when valproic acid and carbapenem-based antibiotics are used together, blood valproic acid levels may decrease due to drug interaction, and irritability symptoms may worsen. Thus, close monitoring of serum valproic acid levels is required.

No abstract available.
Arthrography* ; Wrist*

No abstract available.
Eating* ; Liver* ; Pneumonia* ; Sharks*

No abstract available.
Endometrial Neoplasms* ; Female ; Ovary*

No abstract available.
Pulmonary Atelectasis*

No abstract available.

PURPOSE: Detrusor instability (DI) is a main cause of persistent voiding difficulty after TURP in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). So we retrospectively estimated the effect of TURP in BPH patients with DI. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Of the 81 patients who had undergone TURP due to prostatism, 35 patients with BPH were followed at 3 weeks and 6 months postoperatively (21 without DI cases vs. 14 with DI; 6 persistent DI, 7 resolved DI, 1 missing case at 3 weeks and 4 persistent DI, 7 resolved DI, 2 missing cases at 6 months). We compared each group using symptom score (IPSS) and urodynamic parameters. RESULTS: Each irritative and obstructive symptoms were significantly improved in both group (p<0.05). The maximal flow rate (from 12.2 to 25.4ml/sec), average flow rate (from 8.9 to 15.2ml/ sec), residual urine volume (from 135.9 to 39.1ml) in patients without DI and maximal bladder volume (from 150.0 to 203.7ml), maximal flow rate (from 12.5 to 18.6ml/sec), residual urine volume (from 65.7 to 26.0ml) in patients with DI were improved significantly (p<0.05) after TURP, but other parameters were not improved (p>0.05). There were no significant differences in all parameters between 3 weeks and 6 months postoperative period (p>0.05). The amplitude of improvement had no significant difference between two group. There were no significant differences in IPSS and urodynamic parameters between persistent and resolved DI group. CONCLUSION: We suggest that TURP is good therapeutic option even in BPH patients with DI at short term postoperative period, but attempt to predict which patients would have persistent DI following TURP was failed.
Humans ; Postoperative Period ; Prostatic Hyperplasia ; Prostatism ; Retrospective Studies ; Transurethral Resection of Prostate* ; Urinary Bladder ; Urodynamics*