BACKGROUND: Cord blood transplantation has generated much enthusiasm because of the low incidence of GVHD(graft-versus-host disease), even in HLA(Human Leukocyte Antigen) mismatched situations, owing to intrinsic defects in mature T cell functions, and human cord blood is a constantly and easily obtainable source for hematopoietic stem cell. This study was undertaken to elucidate the possible mechanisms of low GVHD incidence observed when cord blood is used for stem cell transplantation. Based on current knowledge of the phenotypic correlates with functional subtypes of peripheral blood lymphocytes, we evaluated lymphocyte subpopulation in cord blood. METHODS: The 25 cord blood and 20 peripheral blood of adult control were included in this study. Monoclonal antibodies(MAb) conjugated with fluorescein-isothiocynate(FITC), phycoerythrin(PE) were used in this study. Heparinized whole blood was stained with mAbs using the whole blood lysis method. We used FACScan flow cytometer with argon laser tuned at 488 nm. Analysis was done by either Simulset or lysis II research software. RESULT: 1) The means of WBC and lymphocyte content were higher in cord blood than in adult blood(p<0.05). 2) The overall percentages of cord blood T(CD3+) cells, B(CD19+) cells, NK(natural killer)(CD16+/CD56+) cells were not different from adult controls. 3) The CD4+ : CD8+ ratio of cord blood was higher than thar of adult controls(2.7 in cord bloods versus 1.8 in adults). 4) The majority of the cord blood cells, both CD4+ and CD8+, co-expressed the CD45RA+ (naive) molecule. 5) The CD57, an antigen present on a subpopulation of NK cells, is absent in cord blood. CONCLUSION: We determined that cord blood contained mainly naive T lymphocytes to be predominantly suppressor cells. We found reduced alloproliferative, allostimulatory and allocytotoxic capacity of cord blood lymphocytes. Therefore, the GVHD may be less readily induced in cord blood transplantation, even in the face of HLA difference.
Adult ; Argon ; Fetal Blood* ; Hematopoietic Stem Cells ; Heparin ; Humans ; Incidence ; Killer Cells, Natural ; Leukocytes ; Lymphocyte Subsets* ; Lymphocytes* ; Phenotype ; Stem Cell Transplantation ; T-Lymphocytes

The leukemia of infancy, characterized by a high leukocyte count, massive organomegaly, CNS leukemia at diagnosis, high chromosomal abnormalities and immature phenotype. This is reflected in its poor prognosis. Isolated lesions of the facial nerve have been reported in leukemia patients, but appear to be rare in infancy. We report a case of unilateral facial nerve paralysis occurred in 4-months-old male who had acute lymphoblastic leukemia with review of literature.
Chromosome Aberrations ; Diagnosis ; Facial Nerve* ; Humans ; Infant* ; Leukemia ; Leukocyte Count ; Male ; Paralysis* ; Phenotype ; Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma* ; Prognosis

One case of malignant acanthosis nigricans associated with internal malignany and oral florid papilloma has been presented and reviewed the subject of malignant acanthosis nigricans. The patient who was 34 year old man had been affected generalixed dark brownish hyperpigmentation with papillomatoses especially on forehead, neck, axillae, umbilical area, anogenital area, webs of fingers, palms and soles. And characteristically it was associated with severe florid papilloma on mucous membrane such as buccal mucosa, lip and glans penis. Histopathologically, internal malignancy was confirmed metastatic adenocarcinoma of stomach after autopsy, although previous biopsy finding was squamous cell carcinoma when explorative laparatomy was done. The response to Bleomycin, new antibiotic anticancer drug, followed by intravenous injection is good and satisfying. But the patient died due to sudden pulmonary hemorrhage which are serious side effect of Bleomycin.
Acanthosis Nigricans* ; Adenocarcinoma ; Adult ; Autopsy ; Axilla ; Biopsy ; Bleomycin ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; Fingers ; Forehead ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Hyperpigmentation ; Injections, Intravenous ; Lip ; Male ; Mouth Mucosa ; Mucous Membrane ; Neck ; Papilloma* ; Penis ; Stomach

We analyzed the clinical result of trabeculectomy with amniotic membrane transplantation which has antifibrotic and antiinflammatory action in risky glaucoma patients. Subjects were included four eyes of four patients with neovascular glaucoma, one eye of one patient with primary open angle glaucoma and four eyes of three patients with congenital glaucoma. After limbal based scleral flap was made in triangular shape with 5x4 mm sized, amniotic membrane, sized by 6x6 mm with epithelial side up, was placed on the scleral flap and then sutured to medial and lateral portion at 3 mm superior to base of scleral flap base with 10-0 nylon(2 points). The state of bleb, intraocular pressure and complications were observed at postoperative 1st, 3rd, 6th and 9th week. The IOP was reduced from 33.6+/-11.1 mmHg, to 15.5+/-6.5 mmHg at postoperative one week, 17.0+/-8.3 mmHg at three weeks, 16.9+/-8.1 mmHg at six weeks, 17.1+/-6.4 mmHg at nine weeks. 6 eyes(77.7%)had controlled IOP under 21 mmHg without antiglaucomatous agents at last follow up. Avascular blebs were observed throughout postoperative period in all subjects. Postoperative complications were shallow anterior chamber in one eye at 1st week and low intraocular pressue in one eye at 1st, 3rd week, that resolved at six weeks. Trabeculectomy with amniotic membrane transplantation on the scleral flap appeared to be effective as an augment therapy for filtering surgery in risky glaucoma.
Amnion ; Anterior Chamber ; Blister ; Filtering Surgery ; Follow-Up Studies ; Glaucoma ; Glaucoma, Neovascular ; Glaucoma, Open-Angle ; Humans ; Intraocular Pressure ; Membranes* ; Postoperative Complications ; Postoperative Period ; Trabeculectomy

One case of malignant acanthosis nigricans associated with internal malignancy has been presented and the suhject of malignant acanthosis nigricans has been revieived. The patient who was 50 year old man had been affected generalized hyperpigmentation with pnpillomatosis especially on forehead, neck, axilla, umbilical area, anogenital area, palm and soles and associated with highly malignant adenocarcinoma of stomach. Diagnosis was confirmed by characteristic clinical appearance, explorative laparatomy and histopathologically
Acanthosis Nigricans* ; Adenocarcinoma ; Axilla ; Diagnosis ; Forehead ; Humans ; Hyperpigmentation ; Middle Aged ; Neck ; Stomach

No abstract available.
Pancreatitis, Chronic*

Chronic cavities of the dorsum of the foot often have bare bone and are unsuitable for free skin grafting. Local Flaps are often impossible because of surrounding scar tissue and dead space. A simple method is presented; it consists of the excision of the lesion, filling the cavity by a two staged random-pattern de-epithelialised turn over flap, and skin graft.
Cicatrix ; Foot ; Methods ; Skin ; Skin Transplantation ; Transplants

OBJECTIVE: To report the pedigree of Kallmann syndrome inherited in autosomal dominant mode with variable expressivity. MATERIAL AND METHOD: Case report. RESULTS: The patient had amenorrhea and anosmia but did not have a sign of absolute hypogonadotropic hypogonadism. Her father had an anosmia and her two elderly sisters also had an anosmia but delivered babies uneventfully. Her two male siblings did not show any signs of hypogonadotropic hypogonadism. CONCLUSION: Kallmann syndrome has many different modes of inheritance such as autosomal dominant, autosomal recessive, and X-linked form. So the careful investigation of family pedigree is required.
Aged ; Amenorrhea ; Fathers ; Female ; Humans ; Hypogonadism ; Kallmann Syndrome* ; Male ; Olfaction Disorders ; Pedigree ; Siblings ; Wills

PURPOSE: To evaluate the effect of amniotic membrane transplantation which has anti-inflammatory functions and facilitates epithelialization on leaking blebs. METHODS: Patients who had bleb leakage after trabeculectomy were included, 2 eyes of 2 patients with primary open-angle glaucoma and 1 eye of 1 pa-tient with primary angle-closure glaucoma. After amniotic membrane was transplanted in the conjunctiva and cornea at the center of bleb leakage, the state of bleb leakage was observed retrospectively. RESULTS: In the first patient, there was no bleb leakage at postoperative day 1 and showed epithelialization at postoperative day 10. At two days after surgery, bleb leakage was controlled in the second patient and it showed epithelialization at four days after surgery. From the first day after surgery, there was no bleb leakage in the third patient. The patients were put on T-lens because of foreign body sensation, which was improved two days after surgery, and were epithelialized in 1 week. Out of all three eyes, there was no avascular bleb with leakage. CONCLUSION: Amniotic membrane can be a useful therapy of bleb leakage , which may cause the complications after trabeculectomy in glaucoma patients.
Amnion* ; Blister* ; Conjunctiva ; Cornea ; Foreign Bodies ; Glaucoma ; Glaucoma, Angle-Closure ; Glaucoma, Open-Angle ; Humans ; Retrospective Studies ; Sensation ; Trabeculectomy

PURPOSE: The necessity of recombinant human erythropoietin (rhEpo) as a therapeutic agent in pediatric cancer patients has been challenged. Before clinical trials of the rhEpo, we evaluated the relationship of endogenous eythropoietin (Epo) level and hemoglobin (Hgb) in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and solid tumors. METHODS: Twenty eight children (20 ALL and 8 solid tumor) were involved in this study in Korea University Medical Center from January 1999 to June 1999. Epo and Hgb were measured simultaneously several times in the course of their diseases, and a simple regression analysis was performed to describe the Epo-Hgb relationship. RESULTS: 1) There was no inverse linear relationship between Log10Epo (LogEpo) and the variable Hgb of the control group (n=7). 2) There was a significant inverse linear relationship between LogEpo and the variable Hgb at the induction and consolidation phase of the childhood ALL patients (n=14) (r=0.73, P<0.05). 3) There was a significant inverse linear relationship between LogEpo and the variable Hgb at the reinduction phase of the childhood ALL patients (n=15) (r= 0.72, P<0.05). 4) There was a significant inverse linear relationship between LogEpo and the variable Hgb at the maintenance phase of the childhood ALL patients (n=19) (r= 0.74, P<0.05). 5) There was a significant inverse linear relationship between LogEpo and the variable Hgb during the chemotherapy of the childhood solid tumors patients (n=15) (r= 0.76, P<0.05). CONCLUSION: There was a significant inverse relationship between Epo and Hgb in pediatric cancer patients, suggesting that the negative feedback mechanism for endogenous production of Epo is intact.
Academic Medical Centers ; Anemia ; Child* ; Drug Therapy ; Erythropoietin* ; Humans ; Korea ; Pediatrics ; Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma*