The perineum refers to the anatomical area immediately below the pelvis, and is comprised of diverse anatomic and somatic innervation. Although various interventions have been proposed for the management of intractable cancer-related perineal pain, their efficacy are limited because the target of nerve blocks has focused on somatic rather than sympathetic components. Recently, blockade of the ganglion impar has been introduced as an alternative means of managing intractable neoplastic perineal pain of sympathetic origin. We successfully treated a patient who had suffered from cancer-related intractable perineal pain with ganglion impar block.
Ganglion Cysts* ; Humans ; Nerve Block ; Pelvis ; Perineum ; Rectal Neoplasms

Lawsonia intracellularis is not culturable with a standard bacteriologic culture. One step PCR assay as a clinical diagnostic method was developed for the rapid detection of porcine proliferative enteritis (PPE) caused by L. intracellularis. Primers were designed based on the p78 DNA clone of L. intracellularis. The one step PCR resulted in the formation of a specific 210-bp DNA product derived from L. intracellularis. The nonspecific amplification product was not detected with swine genomic DNA or other bacterial strains causing similar symptoms to L. intracellularis infection. The one step PCR was as sensitive as 100 pg of L. intracellularis genomic DNA. We applied this method to field specimens diagnosed as PPE by macroscopic observation. Of 17 mucosal scraping specimens, 16(94%) were identified as positive to PPE and 15(88%) of 17 feces specimens. These results suggest that the one step PCR can be used as a rapid diagnostic method for L. intracellularis infection.
Animals ; Base Sequence ; DNA Primers ; Desulfovibrionaceae Infections/diagnosis/*veterinary ; Ileum/microbiology/pathology ; Intestinal Mucosa/microbiology/pathology ; Lawsonia Bacteria/genetics/*isolation & purification ; Polymerase Chain Reaction/*methods ; Reproducibility of Results ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Swine ; Swine Diseases/*diagnosis/microbiology

In 2008, Korea has enacted new ordinances about the role of estheticians, but this law can be interpreted ambiguously, restricting hiring of estheticians in medical clinics. The purpose of the study is to obtain information about medical-esthetic systems in other countries. We have taken a survey of this object from 30 OECD & Asian countries, and the questionnaires returned from a total of 22 countries (Australia, Austria, Canada, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Hungary, Japan, Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Portugal, Slovak Republic, Spain, Switzerland, Turkey, United Kingdom, United States, Singapore, Israel, and Thailand), were used for the final analysis. The results are summarized as follows. In most countries, estheticians working independently deal with only healthy, normal skin. In most countries, estheticians working independently have no right to operate any medical instruments. In all 17 countries that returned the questionnaires medical clinics can employ estheticians, and only theses estheticians who belong to the medical clinics can handle the non-invasive medical instruments under the supervision of doctors. In 17 countries that have related legal regulations, nurses, under the control of doctors, can perform wider range of duties in various settings than estheticians. The survey concludes that the duties of estheticians are closely related with medical skin care services and estheticians can perform various non-invasive medical procedures only under the control of doctors. From consulting a variety of medical-esthetic systems in other countries, we propose that the estheticians be allowed to work in medical clinics to provide better medical services for the patients and to make more chances of employment for themselves.
Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Austria ; Canada ; Denmark ; Employment ; Finland ; France ; Germany ; Great Britain ; Humans ; Hungary ; Israel ; Japan ; Jurisprudence ; Korea ; Netherlands ; New Zealand ; Norway ; Organization and Administration ; Portugal ; Questionnaires ; Singapore ; Skin ; Skin Care ; Slovakia ; Social Control, Formal ; Spain ; Switzerland ; Turkey ; United States

We have experienced a case of 13 ring chromosome in a 40-month-old girl who demonstrated psychomotor retardation with delayed speech, growth retardation, hearing loss(left), microcephaly, trigonocephaly with flat occiput, hypertelorism, epicanthal folds, microophthalmia, broad prominamt nasal bridge, high arched palate, micrognathia, large auricles and other anomalies. Cytogenetic studies of peripheral blood lymphocytes with differential staining of chromosomes revealed 46, XX, r13. Her parents' karyotypes were normal. We reported the case with the review of the associated literatures.
Child, Preschool ; Craniosynostoses ; Cytogenetics ; Female ; Hearing ; Humans ; Hypertelorism ; Karyotype ; Lymphocytes ; Microcephaly ; Palate ; Ring Chromosomes*

No abstract available.
Female ; Humans ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy, Tubal*

No abstract available.
Female ; Humans ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy, Tubal*

CT guided stereotactic biopsies were carried out in 41 patients with tumorous CT findings during past 2 years. In 27 tumorous CT conditions impressed glioma, meningioma, metastatic ca, chondroma, germinoma and craniopharyngioma, 16 cases were disclosed correctly in preoperative cinicalradiological diagnosis comparing with pathological diagnosis confirmed by means of stereotactic biopsy, but other 11 cases, showed the preoperative diagnostic error which pathological diagnosis were infarction, cryptical AVM, abscess, granuloma, and tumors such ad lymphoma, oligodendroglioma, GBM, chordoma. Among 12 granulomatous CT lesions 3 cases showed preoperative diagnostic error, which were, confirmed infarction, multiple sclerosis by pathological diagnosis. The pathological findings of 2 vascular lesions that were impressed as infarction and old hematoma were confirmed as granuloma and GBM. The error of preoperative clinical - CT diagnosis was 39% of total 41 patients. The advantage of preoperative stereotactic biopsy is to confirm the correct histological diagnosis, while it can help the patient and surgeon for the planning of further proper therapy.
Abscess ; Biopsy* ; Chondroma ; Chordoma ; Craniopharyngioma ; Diagnosis ; Diagnostic Errors ; Germinoma ; Glioma ; Granuloma ; Hematoma ; Humans ; Infarction ; Lymphoma ; Meningioma ; Multiple Sclerosis ; Oligodendroglioma

No Abstract Available.
Epinephrine* ; Lidocaine*

No abstract available.
Hypersensitivity, Delayed* ; Ranitidine* ; T-Lymphocytes*

Biomarker is defined as biological variables that correlate with biologic outcome. This review will discuss investigations into gastric cancer (GC) biomarkers by proteomic analysis. Proteomic analysis consists of 3 steps. The first step is the digestion and separation process using 2-dimensional electrophoresis gel or liquid chromatography. The second step is mass analysis using mass spectrometry. The third step is protein identification using databases. Clinical validation of proteins identified can help estimate expressions of cancer tissue and cancer cell line using Western blot and immunohistochemistry. Researchers can validate the association between protein expression and clinical data (tumor stage, cell type, survival, and recurrence), which helps identify the possibility of biomarkers for GC. After clinical validation, the next step is functional analysis in vitro and in vivo. This step is commonly performed by knock-in and knock-out studies on the proliferation, migration, and invasion using the cancer cell line. Animal studies also provide indirect evidence for the role of the proteins in tumor growth and metastasis in vivo. In conclusion, the proteomic analysis is one of the useful methods for detecting biomarkers for GC. Multidisciplinary approaches to protein, DNA, RNA, and epigenetics are crucial to the investigation for molecular biomarkers for GC.
Animals ; Biomarkers ; Blotting, Western ; Cell Line ; Chromatography, Liquid ; Digestion ; DNA ; Electrophoresis ; Epigenomics ; Immunohistochemistry ; In Vitro Techniques ; Mass Spectrometry ; Methods ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Proteomics ; RNA ; Stomach Neoplasms ; Tissue Array Analysis