Balloon dilatation angioplasty was performed in a 15 months old child with isolated discrete unoperated coarctation of the aorta. The peak systolic pressure gradient across the coarctation before balloon angioplasty was 80 mmHg, and immediately after balloon angioplasty it decreased to 19 mmHg. No significant complications were encountered during the procedure. No evidence of aneurysm formation and restenosis was seen on 6 months follow-up examination. Balloon dilatation angioplasty seems to be a safe and effective nonsurgical alternative for relieving the obstruction associated with discrete coarctation of the aorta.
Aneurysm ; Angioplasty ; Angioplasty, Balloon* ; Aortic Coarctation* ; Blood Pressure ; Child ; Dilatation ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Infant

No abstract available.
Craniosynostoses* ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn*

BACKGROUND: Constriction or banding of the pulmonary artery to create pulmonary artery stenosis is a palliative procedure designed to limit pulmonary blood flow in congenital cardiac malformation with unrestricted left to right shunt. Activation of sensory endings such as the arterial baroreceptors results in an inhibitory endings in the heart. The purpose of this study is to test the hypothesis that acute pulmonary artery constriction(PAC) results in an enhanced cardiopulmonary inhibition of the arterial baroreflex. METHODS: Baroreflex control of renal sympathetic nerve activity(RSNA) were examined in rabbits before and during reversible PAC. New Zealand white rabbits were instrumented with an occluder around the main pulmonary artery, a right ventricular catheter, femoral artery and venous catheters, and recording electrodes around renal sympathetic nerves. Baroreflex mediated changes in RSNA were monitored during decreases and increases in mean arterial pressure. RESULTS: Acute PAC produced significant([<0.05) changes in mean arterial pressure(76.3+/-1.9 vs. 59.8+/-3.0mmHg), right ventricular systolic pressure(23.1+/-4.2 vs. 42.3+/-7.4mmHg), and resting RSNA(100 vs. 71+/-6.3%). The effect of acute PAC on the arterial baroreflex was characterized by decreases in RSNA range(103.0+/-1.3 vs. 83.8+/-3.8%) and gain (-3.5+/-0.2 vs. -2.6+/-0.2). CONCLUSION: Acute PAC significantly attenuates arterial baroreflex control of RSNA in rabbits. The attenuated arterial baroreflex regulation of RSNA may be result of an enhanced inhibitory influence from activated cardiac receptors.
Arterial Pressure ; Baroreflex* ; Catheters ; Constriction ; Constriction, Pathologic ; Electrodes ; Femoral Artery ; Heart ; Pressoreceptors ; Pulmonary Artery* ; Rabbits*

No abstract available.
Constriction* ; Heart Ventricles* ; Pulmonary Artery* ; Rabbits*

No abstract available.
Doxorubicin* ; Membrane Potentials* ; Membranes* ; Purkinje Fibers* ; Sodium*

No abstract available.
Balloon Valvuloplasty* ; Child* ; Constriction, Pathologic* ; Humans

Congenital tricuspid stenosis is an uncommon congenital heart anomaly. Tricuspid stenosis is usually associated with other anomalies, most commonly severe pulmonary stenosis or atresia with secondary hypoplasia of the right ventricle. Clinically it may be difficult to distinguish from tricuspid atresia. A case of congenital tricuspid stenosis in a 32 day-old-girl is presented. The patient had cyanosis and dyspnea. Echocardiographic study revealed tricuspid stenosis with right ventricular hypoplasia, atrial septal defect and pulmonary stenosis.
Constriction, Pathologic* ; Cyanosis ; Dyspnea ; Echocardiography ; Heart ; Heart Defects, Congenital ; Heart Septal Defects, Atrial ; Heart Ventricles ; Humans ; Pulmonary Valve Stenosis ; Tricuspid Atresia

BACKGROUND: Hypertonic solutions are using in emergency patients including refractory shock. The effects of the hyperosmotic solutions for the cardiac contractile effect has remained unclear. To study the mechanism of increase in twitch force by hypertonic solution, memberane potential, intracellular sodium activities(aNia), and twitch force were measured simultaneously in 1 Hz-driven canine Purkinje fibers and guinea pig papillary muscles. METHODS: To increase osmolarity, 20, 40, and 80 mOsm glucose, NaCl or mannitol was added to normal Tyrode solution. We used the conventional and Na(+)-selective microelectrodes, to study the membrane potential and intracellular sodium activity. Changes in twitch force were evaluated also by tension tranducer. RESULTS: 1) Hyperosmolar glucose or NaCl added to normal Tyrode solution produced membrane pontential hyperpolarization, increase in aNia, and increase in twitch force in dog Purkinje fibers. Increase in twitch force was related to decrease in the ratio of aNia to extracellular sodium activity(aNoa). NaCl-inducedd aNia increase was not blocked by 10(-5)M tetrodotoxin, a fast sodium channel blocker. 2) Hyperosmolar glucose or mannitol added to normal Tyrode solution produced membrane potential hyperpolarization, increase in aNia, and increase in twitch force in guinea pig papillary muscles. However, the addition of hyperosmolar NaCl did not affect on membrane potential, but produced increase in aNia, and decrease in twitch force. 3) Prolonging effect of hyperosmolar glucose on duration of action potential was smaller than that of NaCl or mannitol in Purkinje fibers and papillary muscles. 4) Increase in twich force produced by ECF Na+reduction or by hyperosmotic solution was reated to decrase in the aNia ratio. 5) Relationship curve between increase in twitch force and aNoa/aNia ratio in hyperosmolr solution was less steeper than that in ECF Na(+)-reduced solution. CONCLUSION: The above results suggested that hyperosmolar solution-induced twitch force change was related to aNoa/aNia ratio change which influenced intracellular calcium activity via Na(+)-Ca(2+)exchange.
Action Potentials ; Animals ; Calcium ; Dogs ; Emergencies ; Glucose ; Guinea Pigs ; Humans ; Hypertonic Solutions ; Mannitol ; Membrane Potentials* ; Membranes* ; Microelectrodes ; Muscles* ; Osmolar Concentration ; Papillary Muscles ; Purkinje Fibers* ; Shock ; Sodium Channels ; Sodium* ; Tetrodotoxin

No abstract available.
Doxorubicin* ; Membrane Potentials* ; Membranes* ; Papillary Muscles*

No abstract available.
Baroreflex* ; Cyclosporine* ; Rabbits*