1. Present study was made to observe the plasma renin activity in the patients of benign essential hypertension, malignant hypertension, acute or chronic glomerulonephritis, liver cirrhosis with or without ascites, congestive heart failure, and massive bleeding due to various causes. 2. It was found that the substance with constrictive action on the rat colon had the hypertensive action. 3. The normotensive group showed the renin activity of 1.81+/-1.18ng/ml. 4. Benign hypertension group showed the level of 3.14+/-3.27 ng/ml which was the significantly elevated level compared to the normal group. 5. Malignant hypertensive group showed 8.47+/-9.48 ng/ml, which was not only the apparently elevated value than that of normal group, but also showed significant difference from that of benign essential hypertension. 6. The levels of 5.6+/-2.88 ng/ml and 27.5+/-12.36 ng/ml in chronic and acute glomerulonephritis respectively showed the significantly elevated level than the normal group, and the difference between the acute and chronic glomerulonephritis was also found to be significant. 7. The hepatic cirrhosis with or without ascites showed the level of 3.77+/-2.83 ng/ml and 0.80+/-0. ng/ml respectively. The value of the former was the significantly elevated compared with the normal group, and the later was lowered. 8. The level of 11.11+/-4.12 ng/ml was significantly elevated compared to that of normal group in congestive heart failure. 9. It is suggested that the renin activity assumes to be changed to the kind and the phase of the diseases and according to present data of elevated renin activity in essential hypertension, renin may play a secondary role in essential hypertension rather than to be a primary.
Animals ; Ascites ; Colon ; Glomerulonephritis ; Heart Failure ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Hypertension, Malignant ; Liver Cirrhosis ; Plasma* ; Rats ; Renin*

Gastric lipomas are rare benign submucosal tumors which can present the diagnostic and therapeutic problems. The preferred treattment is observation or local excision. Since preoperative diagnosis and differentation from malignant tumors can be difficult by use of the conventional diagnostic modalities such as X-ray or endoscopic examination, patients are sometimes subjected to more extensive surgical procedures than warranted. As to the diagnosis of submucosal tumors of the upper digestive tract, a newly developed diagnostic modality of endoscopic ultrasonography(EUS) allows us to visuialize the structures underlying the gastrointestinal wall in a noninvasive maneuver, and can contribute to make differential diagnosis and decision of management. Strip biopsy is an endascopic tissue resection technique which permits resection of both mucosal and submucosal tissue regardless of the morphological type of the lesion, because the submucosal saline injections during the procedures make the flat or depressed lesions to be elevated. Now, we report a 56-yr-old female which had a Yamada type I polypoid gastric submucosal lipoma in the antrum, which could be performed the different diagnosis and successful endoscopic removal by endoscopic ultrasonography and strip biopsy.
Biopsy* ; Diagnosis ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Endosonography ; Female ; Gastrointestinal Tract ; Humans ; Lipoma*

A new method for combining ultrasonography snd endoscopy, endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS), was developed to improve the diagnostic accuracy of ultrasound by direct image of the target lesion via the gastrointestinal lumen. EUS has the unique ability to provide clear sonographic images of the wall structure of the stomach. This capability can be ultilized in assessing the depth of cancer invasion of the stomach by identifying which layer the ultrasonographic change extends to. However, the depressed types of early gastric cancer(EGC) are often accompanied by ulcerative change in the tumor foci. And the ultrasonographic picture is also influenced by the ulcerative change. (continue...)
Endoscopy ; Endosonography* ; Stomach ; Stomach Neoplasms* ; Ulcer ; Ultrasonography

To determine the most effective and tolerable method of preparation with Golytely for colonoscopy, 141 consecutive cases were randomly allocated to drink either 2,000cc(74 cases, Group I) or 4,000cc(67 cases, Group 2), with infusion rate of 1,000cc/h. The reaults were as follows. 1) The rates of effective colonic clearance in group 1 and group 2 was 94.6% and 94.0%, respectively. There is no significance difference between two groups. 2) There was no significant difference in the ingested volume until the first bowel movement and the time required for rectal efflunt to be clear between two groups. 3) Patient acceptance was higher in group 1 than in group 2. 4) Side effects were less noticed in group 1 than group 2, and incraased in body weight (average 0.8 kg) after ingestion of Golytely was observed only in group 2.
Body Weight ; Colon ; Colonoscopy* ; Eating ; Humans ; Therapeutic Irrigation*

Non-operative palliative treatment for malignant colonic obstruction can sometimes be accomplished by the insertion of anorectal tube, endoscopic balloon dilation or endoscopic laser therapy. But these methods have some disadvantages, such as limitaation of activity, need of repetitive treatment and high-risk of perforation. Endoscopic prosthesis is generally accepted as a safe, effective palliative treatment for malignant esophageal stricture, because this method has no above disadvantages. Neverthless, there is only a few experence with endoecopic prosthesis in malignant colorectal stricture over the world. We report two cases which were safely, effectively performed endoscopic prosthesis in palliative treatment for their malignant rectal strictures.
Colon ; Constriction, Pathologic* ; Esophageal Stenosis ; Laser Therapy ; Palliative Care ; Prostheses and Implants*

No abstract available.
Humans ; Inpatients*

It awakens interest that the frequency of carcinoma of the uterine cervix is the highest among the carcinomas among the Korean women, althouth it is not so high among Westerns. It is admitted that the exfolicative cytologic technique is useful not only as a screening test for early detection of cervical cancer and its precursor lesions but also as a tool for follow-up, because it is accurate, economical, and easy to perform. But it remains to be solved that the false negativity of the cytologic diagnosis is relatively high. Five hundred and sevently two cases of cytology specimens, confirmed by either colposcopic biopsy or cone biopsy, were studied among 15,844 cases which were submitted to the Department of Pathology, Chonnam University Hospital between October of 1982 and August of 1986. The results obtained were as follows. 1) The accuracy of the cytologic diagnosis was 69.9%, the false nagativity, 19.4% and the false positivity, 6.6%. 2) Among the causes of discrepancies between cytologic diagnosis and histologic diagnosis, error in cytology reading was the most frequent (57%), error in cell collection was the second frequent (43.7%), and error in biopsy location was the least frequent (5.3%). 3) Among the 38 cases of false positive diagnosis, the percentage of error in cytology reading was 82.3%, and that of error in biopsy location was 20.7%. Among the 105 cases of false negative diagnosis, the percentage of error in cytology reading was 50.5%, and the percentage of error in cell collection was 56.6%.
Female ; Humans ; Biopsy

Although our present knowledge of the etiology of peptic ulcer is incomplete, the presence or absence of peptic ulcer is determined by the delicate interplay between aggressive factors (secreted gastric acid and pepsin) and defensive factors (mucosal resistance). Peptic ulcer is produced when the aggressive effects of acid-pepsin dominate the protective effects of gastric or duodenal mucosal resistance by predominance of aggressive factors or interruption of defensive factors. KU-54 enhances mucosal resistance to tissue injury by the increase of gastric mucosal blood flow, the stimulation of gastric mucosal metabolism, the increase of glycoprotein of gastric mucus, and the increase of ATP of gastric mucosa. We have treated 38 cases of gastric ulcers with KU-54 300 mg daily for 4-12 weeks for the evaluation of the therapeutic efficacy. Endoscopic, clinical, and laboratory assessments were undergone before and after 4 ~ 12 weeks of the treatment. Major symptoms of gastric ulcer have been improved in 83.3% after the medication with KU-54. The healing rate of gastric ulcer evaluated by endoscopy was observed in 33.3% after 4 weeks, 73.3% after 8 weeks, 76.6% after 12 weeks of the medication with KU-54. The utility rate of KU-54 was 86.7%. We could conclude that KU-54 is the utilizable drug for gastric ulcer.
Adenosine Triphosphate ; Endoscopy ; Gastric Acid ; Gastric Mucosa ; Glycoproteins ; Metabolism ; Mucus ; Peptic Ulcer ; Stomach Ulcer*

Acid ingestion causes a coagulative necrosis of the surface epithelium of the upper gastromtestinal tract. Its late sequence is luminal stenosis which frequently requires surgical repair. Nevertherless, in many cases, non-operative dilatation of luminal stenosis have been applicated, such as bouginations, balloon dilatations, endoscopic laser therapy, endoscopic electrocoagulation, endescopic microwave coagulation. These methods may give some considerable benefits in unoperable cases. Recently, we experienced a case of a 60-year-old man who had severe corrosive esophageal and gastric angular strictures by accidentally ingested hydrochloric acid and after many tiems of application of non-operative dilatation was able to have normal diet without dysphagia. So, we report this case with a review of literatures.
Constriction, Pathologic* ; Deglutition Disorders ; Diet ; Dilatation* ; Eating ; Electrocoagulation ; Epithelium ; Humans ; Hydrochloric Acid ; Laser Therapy ; Microwaves ; Middle Aged ; Necrosis ; Phenobarbital

Endoscopic nasobiliary drainage(ENBD) has been developed as a safe and effective noninvasive biliary drainage method for initial decompression in the benign or malignant biliary obstruction, dissolution of biliary stones by injection of litholytic agents through the tube, and proper causative diagnosis of biliary obstruction by cytologic, bacteriologic and parasite investigation of drained bile. Generally, endoscopic sphicterotomy (EST) is performed before the insertion of an ENBD tube in order to make the procedure easy and to prevent acute pancreatitis that may develop by compression of the pancreatic orifice of the inserted tube. Nevertheless, in some cases EST is difficult to perform or should not be performed due to their coagulopathy. In such cases, ENBD without EST may be necessary. To evaluate the safety, successfullness and effectiveness of ENBD without EST, ENBD without EST using 5, 6 or 7 Fr pigtail tubes were performed in 81 cases(49 malignant, 32 benign). ENBD without EST was successfully performed in 78 out of 81 cases(96.3%). This effectiveness for decompression of bile duct, evaluated by decreasing total bilirubin values, was good in 66 out of 73 casee (90. 2%). The complications of this procedure were noted in 6 out of 78 cases(7. 7%). e. g. cholangitis in 3, migration of ENBD tube in 2, acute pancreatitis in 1 case. Particularly, regardless of our concern that ENBD without EST may develop acute pancreatitis acute panereatitis was noted in only one case. In conclusion, ENBD without EST is a safe and effective method which can be applied to the cases who have benign or malignant obstructive jaundice.
Bile ; Bile Ducts ; Bilirubin ; Cholangitis ; Decompression ; Diagnosis ; Drainage* ; Jaundice, Obstructive ; Pancreatitis ; Parasites