No abstract available.
Hepatitis, Chronic*

No abstract available.
Acidosis, Renal Tubular* ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn*

No abstract available.
Cholestasis, Intrahepatic*

No abstract available.

No abstract available.
Osteoblastoma* ; Spine*

OBJECTIVES: MDM-2 is an oncoprotein that inhibits p53 tumor suppressor protein. Amplication and over- expression of its protein have been observed in human malignancies, and these abnormalities have a role in tumorigenesis through inactivation of p53 function. To elucidate the role of p53 and MDM-2 protein in cervical neoplasia we investigated the expression rates of MDM-2 and p53 protein in surgically resected specimens. METHEDS: Immunohistochemical studies using anti-p53 and anti-MDM-2 protein in the paraffin embedded section of 62 cases including cervical intraepithelial neoplasm(CIN) and invasive cervical cancer were performed. RESULTS: Expression rates of p53 protein were 25% in CIN I& CINII, 20% in CINIII, and 44% in invasive carcinoma, respectively. The MDM-2 protein were 33% in CIN I & CIN II, 16% in CIN III, and 48% in invasive carcinoma, respectively. There was no evident correlation between p53 positivity and MDM-2 positivity(p>0.05). However, correlation between MDM-2 negativity and p53 negativity was statistically significant(p=0.002) CONCLUSION: These data suggest that the expression of p53 protein is presumed to be necessarily correlated with MDM-2 protein expression in cervical neoplasia.
Carcinogenesis ; Humans ; Paraffin ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-mdm2* ; Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms

Purpose: The incidence of isolated level III lymph node recurrence in breast cancer was evaluated, and a surgical approach with preoperative tattooing was introduced. When a suspicious infraclavicular lymph node was detected, fine-needle aspiration cytology was performed to confirm the recurrence of breast cancer. In addition, surgical excision was considered to evaluate the biological characteristics of the recurrent lesion. Methods: The treatment strategy was determined through multidisciplinary team discussions, which included breast surgeons, plastic surgeons, oncologists, radiologists, pathologists, and radiation oncologists. Preoperative tattooing was performed, and the lymph nodes were removed after splitting the pectoralis major muscle. Results: Among 85 cases of locoregional recurrence, isolated recurrent lymph nodes were observed in 25 cases. Three patients with an isolated recurrent infraclavicular lymph node received radiotherapy, and six patients underwent excision biopsy due to a history of radiotherapy for primary tumors. There was no failure in identifying the recurrent lymph node and no major complication. Conclusion The removal of isolated level III lymph node is safe, easy and can provide useful information for systemic therapy.

Although crystalloid solutions such as Ringer's lactate have become the standard for initial volume replacement after hemorrhage, it is controversy whether this fluid alone restores and maintains the depressed physiologic function after severe hemorrhage. Six anesthetized dogs were bled(35ml/kg) and resuscitated with Ringers lactate solution (100 ml/kg). Physiologic variables are measured initialy, after hemorrhage, after resucitation. Compared with initial value, after resuscitation data show marked reduction in hemoglobin, oxygen carrying capacity, vascular resistance, and electrolyte. But cardiac output and blood gas analysis data was not changed. Prothrombin time and partial thromboplastin time was prolongated. From this study crystalloid resuscitation in severe hemorrhagic shock restore cardiac output and perfusion, but fail to maintain adequate oxygen carrying capacity.
Animals ; Blood Gas Analysis ; Cardiac Output ; Natural Resources ; Dogs* ; Hemorrhage ; Lactic Acid ; Oxygen ; Partial Thromboplastin Time ; Perfusion ; Prothrombin Time ; Resuscitation* ; Shock, Hemorrhagic* ; Vascular Resistance

OBJECTIVES: To investigate the level and variation of job stress according to social welfare organizations and work conditions among social workers in Seoul. METHODS: For this survey, a self-reported questionnaire was administrated to 1,000 social workers working in organizations for social welfare practice in Seoul. A total of 432 completed questionnaires were received (43.2% response rate). RESULTS: Social workers working in welfare organizations for the aged had higher job stress in the areas of job demand, insufficient job control and lack of reward than those in other welfare organizations. In addition, higher job stress was found in those in charge of both service and administrational work, without regular time for rest, working over 10 hours, in the frontline and senior grade. CONCLUSIONS: This study confirms the importance of guaranteeing regular time for breaks in the work schedule and of considering the service and administrational work ratio in job arrangement in order to alleviate stress of social workers.
Appointments and Schedules ; Questionnaires ; Reward ; Seoul* ; Social Welfare* ; Social Work*

No abstract available.
Anoxia* ; Neurons*